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ART MOVEMENTS AND PERIODS

abstract expressionism Movement in painting, originating in New York City in the 1940s. It emphasized

spontaneous persona e!pression, "reedom "rom a##epted artisti# vaues, sur"a#e $uaities o" paint, and the a#t o" painting itse". %oo#k, de &ooning, Motherwe, and &ine, are important a'stra#t e!pressionists.

art deco (esign stye prevaent during the 19)0s and 19*0s, #hara#terized 'y a seek use o" straight ines andsender "orm.

art nouveau + de#orative art movement that emerged in the ate nineteenth #entury. Chara#terized 'y denseasymmetri#a ornamentation in sinuous "orms, it is o"ten sym'oi# and o" an eroti# nature. &imt worked in an art

nouveau stye.

Ash Can Schoo roup o" +meri#an artists a#tive "rom 190- to 191-. It in#uded mem'ers o" he /ight su#h asenri and (avies opper was aso part o" the +sh Can group. heir work "eatured s#enes o" ur'an reaism.

!arbi"on Schoo +n asso#iation o" 2ren#h ands#ape painters, #. 1-4030, who ived in the viage o" 5ar'izon anwho painted dire#ty "rom nature. heodore 6ousseau was a eader Corot and Miet were aso asso#iated with th

group.

baro#ue + movement in /uropean painting in the seventeenth and eary eighteenth #enturies, #hara#terized 'y

vioent movement, strong emotion, and dramati# ighting and #ooring. 5ernini, Caravaggio and 6u'ens were

among important 'aro$ue artists.

b$"antine + stye o" the 5yzantine /mpire and its provin#es, #. **031470. +ppearing mosty in reigious mosai#s

manus#ript iuminations, and pane paintings, it is #hara#terized 'y rigid, monumenta, styized "orms with god

 'a#kgrounds.

cassicism 6e"erring to the prin#ipes o" reek and 6oman art o" anti$uity with the emphasis on harmony,

 proportion, 'aan#e, and simpi#ity. In a genera sense, it re"ers to art 'ased on a##epted standards o" 'eauty.

coor %ied paintin& + te#hni$ue in a'stra#t painting deveoped in the 1970s. It "o#uses on the yri#a e""e#ts o"

arge areas o" #oor, o"ten poured or stained onto the #anvas. Newman, 6othko, and 2rankenthaer painted in thismanner.

conceptua art + movement o" the 1980s and 190s that emphasized the artisti# idea over the art o'e#t. It

attempted to "ree art "rom the #on"ines o" the gaery and the pedesta.

constructivism + 6ussian a'stra#t movement "ounded 'y atin, a'o, and +ntoine %evsner, #. 1917. It "o#used o

art "or the industria age. atin 'eieved in art with a utiitarian purpose.

cubism + revoutionary movement 'egun 'y %i#asso and 5ra$ue in the eary twentieth #entury. It empoys ananayti# vision 'ased on "ragmentation and mutipe viewpoints.

dadaism + movement, #. 19173)*, that ree#ted a##epted aestheti# standards. It aimed to #reate antiart and nonart

o"ten empoying a sense o" the a'surd.

The Ei&ht + group o" +meri#an painters who united out o" opposition to a#ademi# standards in the eary twentiet

#entury. Mem'ers o" the group were 6o'ert enri, +rthur (avies, Mauri#e %rendergast, :iiam ;ames a#kens,

/rnest

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expressionism 6e"ers to art that uses emphasis and distortion to #ommuni#ate emotion. More spe#i"i#ay, it re"er

to eary twentieth #entury northern /uropean art, espe#iay in ermany #. 19073)7. +rtists su#h as 6ouaut,&okos#hka, and =#hiee painted in this manner.

%auvism 2rom the 2ren#h word fauve , meaning >wid 'east .> + stye adopted 'y artists asso#iated with Matisse, 190730-. hey painted in a spontaneous manner, using 'od #oors.

%o' art :orks o" a #uturay homogeneous peope without "orma training, generay a##ording to regionatraditions and invoving #ra"ts.

%uturism +n Itaian movement #. 1909319. It attempted to integrate the dynamism o" the ma#hine age into art.

5o##ioni was a "uturist artist.

(othic + /uropean movement 'eginning in 2ran#e. othi# s#upture emerged #. 1)00, othi# painting ater in th

thirteenth #entury. he artworks are #hara#terized 'y a inear, gra#e"u, eegant stye more naturaisti# than thatwhi#h had e!isted previousy in /urope.

impressionism + ate3nineteenth3#entury 2ren#h s#hoo o" painting. It "o#used on transitory visua impressions,o"ten painted dire#ty "rom nature, with an emphasis on the #hanging e""e#ts o" ight and #oor. Monet, 6enoir, and

%issarro were important impressionists.

mannerism + stye, #. 17)031800, that arose in rea#tion to the harmony and proportion o" the igh 6enaissan#e.

"eatured eongated, #ontorted poses, #rowded #anvases, and harsh ighting and #ooring.

minimaism + movement in +meri#an painting and s#upture that originated in the ate 1970s. It emphasized pureredu#ed "orms and stri#t, systemati# #ompositions.

Nabis 2rom the e'rew word "or >prophet.> + group o" 2ren#h painters a#tive in the 1-90s who worked in asu'e#tive, sometimes mysti#a stye, stressing "at areas o" #oor and pattern. 5onnard and ?uiard were mem'er

naive art +rtwork, usuay paintings, #hara#terized 'y a simpi"ied stye, nons#ienti"i# perspe#tive, and 'od#oors. he artists are generay not pro"essionay trained. enri 6ousseau and randma Moses worked in this

stye.

neocassicism + /uropean stye o" the ate eighteenth and eary nineteenth #enturies. Its eegant, 'aan#ed worksrevived the order and harmony o" an#ient reek and 6oman art. (avid and Canova are e!ampes o" neo#assi#ists

pop art +n a'stra#t movement in /urope and the @nited =tates, 'egun in the mid31970s, 'ased on the e""e#ts o"opti#a patterns. +'ers worked in this stye.

photoreaism + "igurative movement that emerged in the @nited =tates and 5ritain in the ate 1980s and 190s.he su'e#t matter, usuay everyday s#enes, is portrayed in an e!tremey detaied, e!a#ting stye. It is aso #aed

superreaism, espe#iay when re"erring to s#upture.

pointiism + method o" painting deveoped 'y =eurat and %au =igna# in the 1--0s. It used da's o" pure #oor thawere intended to mi! in the eyes o" viewers rather than on the #anvas. It is aso #aed divisionism or

neoimpressionism.

pop art + movement that 'egan in 5ritain and the @nited =tates in the 1970s. It used the images and te#hni$ues o

mass media, advertising, and popuar #uture, o"ten in an ironi# way. :orks o" :arho,

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postimpressionism + term #oined 'y 5ritish art #riti# 6oger 2ry to re"er to a group o" nineteenth3#entury painters

in#uding Cezanne, ?an ogh, and auguin, who were dissatis"ied with the imitations o" e!pressionism. It hassin#e 'een used to re"er to various rea#tions against impressionism, su#h as "auvism nd e!pressionism.

Pre)Raphaeite !rotherhood + group o" /ngish painters "ormed in 1-4-. hese artists attempted to re#apture thstye o" painting pre#eding 6aphae. hey ree#ted industriaized /ngand and "o#used on painting "rom nature,

 produ#ing detaied, #oor"u works. 6ossetti was a "ounding mem'er.

reaism In a genera sense, re"ers to o'e#tive representation. More spe#i"i#ay, a nineteenth #entury movement,

espe#iay in 2ran#e, that ree#ted ideaized a#ademi# styes in "avor o" everyday su'e#ts. (aumier, Miet, and

Cour'et were reaists.

Renaissance Meaning >re'irth> in 2ren#h. 6e"ers to /urope #. 140031800. 6enaissan#e art whi#h 'egan in Itay,

stressed the "orms o" #assi#a anti$uity, a reaisti# representation o" spa#e 'ased on s#ienti"i# perspe#tive, and

se#uar su'e#ts. he works o"