Areas of Focus within The Soil Science and Ice Ages Unit: Importance of Soil, Weathering, Types of...

Areas of Focus within The Soil Science and Ice Ages Unit: Importance of Soil, Weathering, Types of Mechanical Weathering, Types of Chemical Weathering, Surface Area and Weathering, Mass Movement of Earthen Materials, Soil, Soil Color, Particle Size, Soil Porosity and Permeability, Soil Horizons, Soil Conservation, The Dust Bowl, Erosion, Deposition, Soil Conservation Measures, Glaciers, Types of Glaciers, Ice Ages, Causes of Ice Ages, Paleoecology, Glacial Landforms.

Full Unit at… http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html

• This PowerPoint is one small part of my Weathering, Soil Science, Soil Conservation, Ice Ages, and Glaciers Unit.

• A Four Part 2,500+ Slide PowerPoint full of engaging activities, critical class notes, review opportunities, question, answers, follow along worksheets, games, and much more.

• 12 Page bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly review. Modified version provided as well as answer keys.

• 11 pages of unit notes with visuals for students and support professionals

• 3 PowerPoint Review Games with Answer Keys• Rubrics, videos, templates, materials list, First Day

PowerPoint, guide, and much more.

• http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html


• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

-Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate.

-Example of indent.

-Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages

-Make visuals clear and well drawn.

Ice Wedging

Mechanical Weathering

Please label

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal.

• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly.


• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him.– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow


• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him.– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow

“Hoot, Hoot”“Good Luck!”


Topics addressed in this Unit Part II

NGSS Standards HS Part III

Additional Standards Addressed Part III

New Area of Focus: Soil


• What is the connection between weathering and soil?


• Weathering is the process that will, overtime,


• Weathering is the process that will, overtime, create soil.


• Soil Science Available Sheet that follows slideshow.

• Activity! Defining Soil.


• Activity! Defining Soil.–Please examine a sample of soil and

record what you find in your journal.


• Activity! Defining Soil.–Please examine a sample of soil and

record what you find in your journal. –Please work in a tray and keep your table

clean.


• Fungal Filaments in the soil (Electron Microscope)


• Head of a Nematode (roundworms) Trillions are in the soil of your backyard.

• Microscopic Soil Mite


• All sorts of important micro-organisms.


• Hummus:


• Hummus: A Middle Eastern and Arabic food dip or spread made from cooked and mashed chickpeas blended with tahini, and olive oil.


• Humus:


• Humus: The organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms.


• Without these organisms and organic matter plants would not grow.




Unhealthy soil =



Unhealthy soil =

No Plants



Unhealthy soil =

No PlantsNo Plants =



Unhealthy soil =

No PlantsNo Plants =Well written description of how important soil is… http://www.snh.org.uk/publications/on-line/livinglandscapes/soils/important.asp

http://www.snh.org.uk/publications/on-line/livinglandscapes/soils/important.asp

http://www.snh.org.uk/publications/on-line/livinglandscapes/soils/important.asp

Soil is---


A mixture of weathered rock and decaying organic material.


Plants, animals, fungus, bacteria…


Plants, animals, fungus, bacteria…


The water and airon planet earth flows

through the soil

Dirt is…--


Mainly mineral based.


Pebbles and finely ground rock.


Dirt is generally dead, soil is living.


• What does healthy soil look like?


• Color is very important to a soil scientist. – Color helps to tell what the soil is made of and

therefore its health.


therefore its health.• Hue: The specific color• Value: the lightness or

darkness of color• Chroma the light intensity• Written: Hue Value / Chroma

• 4 YR 6/3




• 4 YR 6/3

What is the best Hue Value / Chroma of this soil sample?




• 4 YR 6/3


A

B

CD




• 4 YR 6/3

• D?


A

B

CD




• 4 YR 6/3


AB

C

D




• 4 YR 6/3


Maybe D?

AB

C

D

If soil is black Lots of organic matter (carbon).May be poorly drained.Usually fertile.


Black Soil(Lots of Organics)

Black Soil(Lots of Organics)

Brown Soil

If soil is brown Lots of sand and clayWell drainedGood soil


Photo from Mars

Very light browns, whites, orange, red, yellow.Many compounds present, Iron,

Manganese, Sulfur.High in salt.Not as healthy.


• Iron turns rust color when it mixes with oxygen (oxidation in Australia)


• Activity! Identifying soil based on color– Observe each sample.– Create a smear on journal.– Describe the color of the smear and make an

inference into the health of the soil.


• Activity: – Three students to stand in front of the boxes

below. – One will move on, two will have to sit down.

Who will survive?

Sample A Sample B Sample C


• Which soil sample below will grow plants better?



Who survives?

• The surviving student can choose to move to a different box or stay in the same box.



New Student Needed

New Student Needed

• Which soil sample below will grow plants the best?






Who survives?




New Student Needed

New Student Needed




Who survives?




New Student Needed

New Student Needed



This square is empty.




It was

Actually full





New Student Needed

New Student Needed




Last One




Learn more about soil color and much more at… http://soils.missouri.edu/tutorial/page7.asp

http://soils.missouri.edu/tutorial/page7.asp

New Area of Focus: Particle SizeThe type of soil depends upon the size

of it’s particles.


New Area of Focus: Particle SizeThe type of soil depends upon the size

of its particles.


• Why learn about particle size? Seriously!


• This large cobble would not be good to make a smooth road.


• This gravel is to coarse to build an earthen dam.


• The type of particles determine the type of sand paper.


• Coarse gravel and cobble are a much better material than clay for drainage.


• Which is a good particle size for a bunker at a golf course? Gravel or Sand


• Which is a good particle size for a bunker at a golf course? Sand


• The combinations of particle size can determine how well plants will grow in soil.


• Or increase traction on ice.

• Understanding particle size is very important as we rely on earthen materials everyday.


• Soil Science Available Sheet that follows slideshow.

Particle Size (Small to Large)

Full Page Needed

Boulder 25+ cm

Boulder 25+ cm

Cobble 6-25 cm

SiltClay

SiltClayDust

• Boulder – Largest (Greater than 25 cm)


• Cobble (6-25 cm)

• Gravel (2cm-7.5cm)

• Which one has the larger particle size?


A B



A BGravel



A BGravel

(2-7.5 cm)

• Spectrum of gravel– Very Coarse Gravel larger than 1.25-2 inches

(32-64mm).– Coarse Gravel 16-32 mm– Medium Gravel 8-16mm– Fine Gravel 4-8 mm– Very Fine Gravel 2-4mm


• Coarse Sand (2mm)


• Sand (2mm - .125mm)


• Fine Sand


• Very Fine Sand

• Silt (.05 mm - .002mm)

• Clay (less than .002mm)

• Dust – (Into micrometers)

Areas of Focus within The Soil Science and Ice Ages Unit: Importance of Soil, Weathering, Types of Mechanical Weathering, Types of Chemical Weathering, Surface Area and Weathering, Mass Movement of Earthen Materials, Soil, Soil Color, Particle Size, Soil Porosity and Permeability, Soil Horizons, Soil Conservation, The Dust Bowl, Erosion, Deposition, Soil Conservation Measures, Glaciers, Types of Glaciers, Ice Ages, Causes of Ice Ages, Paleoecology, Glacial Landforms.

Full Unit at… http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html


• This PowerPoint is one small part of my Weathering, Soil Science, Soil Conservation, Ice Ages, and Glaciers Unit.

• A Four Part 2,500+ Slide PowerPoint full of engaging activities, critical class notes, review opportunities, question, answers, follow along worksheets, games, and much more.

• 12 Page bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly review. Modified version provided as well as answer keys.

• 11 pages of unit notes with visuals for students and support professionals

• 3 PowerPoint Review Games with Answer Keys• Rubrics, videos, templates, materials list, First Day

PowerPoint, guide, and much more.

• http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html


• Please visit the links below to learn more about each of the units in this curriculum– These units take me about four years to complete

with my students in grades 5-10.

Earth Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide

Geology Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html

Astronomy Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html

Weather and Climate Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html

Soil Science, Weathering, More http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html

Water Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html

Rivers Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html

= Easier = More Difficult = Most Difficult

5th – 7th grade 6th – 8th grade 8th – 10th grade

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html


http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html

Physical Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide

Science Skills Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods.html

Motion and Machines Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html

Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html

Atoms and Periodic Table Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html

Life Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide

Human Body / Health Topics http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html

DNA and Genetics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html

Cell Biology Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html

Infectious Diseases Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html

Taxonomy and Classification Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html

Evolution / Natural Selection Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html

Botany Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html

Ecology Feeding Levels Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm

Ecology Interactions Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html

Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html

• The entire four year curriculum can be found at... http://sciencepowerpoint.com/ Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Thank you for your interest in this curriculum.

Sincerely,

Ryan Murphy M.Ed

[email protected]

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/

http://[email protected]/

Website Link: http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html

http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html

Areas of Focus within The Soil Science and Ice Ages Unit: Importance of Soil, Weathering, Types of...

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