AREA OF STUDY 1 Chopin: Piano Prelude in Db Major (Raindrop)
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Transcript of AREA OF STUDY 1 Chopin: Piano Prelude in Db Major (Raindrop)
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AREA OF STUDY 1
Chopin: Piano Prelude in Db Major (Raindrop)
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AREA OF STUDY 1
Who was Chopin?
• Born in Poland in 1810
• Died in Paris 1849
• Virtuoso pianist
• Romantic composer famous for piano music
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Prelude in Db Major (Raindrop)
• In 1838 he went to Majorca and ended up staying with his lover in a deserted monastery in a place called Valldemossa.
•He composed this Prelude inspired by a heavy rainstorm that he could hear dripping on the roof of the monastery
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Prelude in Db Major (Raindrop)
• This piece was written between 1835 – 1838 as part of a set of 24 preludes.
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WHAT DO YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE CHOPIN PIECE?
• In the key of Db Major
• The structure is ABA form (Ternary form)
• The B section is in C# Minor
• The overall texture is melody and accompaniment (Homophonic)
• This piece is an example of programme music, which means it describes something.
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IT USES THE FOLLOWING ROMANTIC PIANO TECHNIQUES:
• Use of RUBATO – speeds up or slows down very slightly to make it more expressive
• CANTABILE – the melody is played so that it ‘sings out’ on the piano and uses a smooth sound (LEGATO)
• Careful use of the pedals on the piano, particularly the sustain pedal on the right.
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SECTION A
• Markings are SOSTENUTO (Sustained) and PIANO (soft)
• Right hand has the melody
• Texture is MELODY-DOMINATED HOMOPHONY
• Main tune starts with 3 notes of the main chord F – Db – Ab falling.
• A decoration called ACCICCATURA (crushed note) is used
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SECTION A (CONTINUED)
• The pedal note used throughout the piece is Ab (the dominant).
• A new, second theme adds variety.
• There are some CHROMATIC notes used to make the harmony more interesting (add colour).
• At the end the Ab becomes written as G#. This is the same note but we call it ENHARMONIC CHANGE. This leads the piece into C# Minor for Section B.
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SECTION B
• In the Key of C# Minor
• More dramatic and dark in mood (Minor Key)
• Lower region of the piano used.
• Homophonic texture throughout
• Tune is in the left hand with a G# PEDAL NOTE in the right hand. This is called an INVERTED DOMINANT PEDAL
• Wide range of DYNAMICS used.
• G# is used at the end as a PIVOT NOTE going back into Db Major.
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SECTION A AND CODETTA
• The second section A is much shorter than the first.
• Uses the marking Smorzando, which means ‘dying away’
• Short 8 bar CODETTA where the pedal note drops out for 2 bars and then starts up again
• Ends PIANISSIMO (very quiet) with a PERFECT CADENCE
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Literally means ‘robbed time’ –a technique where the player can pull back (or speed up) the tempo for expressive
effect.
‘in the singing style’; the melody is to be played legato.
Music which tells a story, evokes ideas or images.
A sustained (or repeated) note(s) as the highest part in a musical texture.
An ornament – ‘a crushed note’ played as quickly as possible before the main note.
The notes of a chord played one after the other, instead of together.
A three part structure in ABA form in which the opening A section is repeated at the end
and middle B section provides contrast.
Period of music from 1830-1900, in which music expressed emotion.
Composers: Chopin, Liszt, Wagner, Berlioz etc….
A sustained (or repeated) note(s) in the middle of a musical texture.
A note common to both keys used to pivot between 2 different keys, i.e. Ab in
Db major is also G# in C# minor.A note/selection of notes used to add ‘colour’ that do not belong to
the key.
A sustained (or repeated) note(s) on the dominant note of the key.
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NOW LOOK AT THE SCORE AND IDENTIFY AND DEFINE THE SIGNS OR SYMBOLS OR KEYWORDS LISTED
TIME SIGNATURE KEY SIGNATURE SYMBOL FOR QUIET PEDALLLING SYMBOL TEMPO MARKING CRESCENDO DECRESCENDO
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This is a typical section B question from your listening exam
• 1. Which musical device is used throughout this piece? (1)
• 2. In which century was this piece written and to which period of Western musical history does it belong? (2)
• 3.Comment on how CHOPIN uses the following musical elements in his PRELUDE in Db major
STRUCTURETONALITYINSTRUMENTDYNAMICSMELODY (10)
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AREA OF STUDY 1
Chopin: Piano Prelude in Db Major (Raindrop)