AQA GCSE Design and Technology

Course Structure

• All lesson up to Christmas will be Core Theory (This will include some practical hands on tasks).

• After Christmas we will specialise in one area (Wood)

• Then we start coursework, NEA in June which will be handed in the following March.

In the first half term, as part of the core theory, we will be learning

about different material areas. These are:

• Paper and Board

• Timber

• Polymers

• Metals

• Alloys

• Composites

• Smart materials

We start with paper and board.

Learning Objectives:

To know the primary sources for producing papers and boards

To understand how paper/board is classified

To be able to identify different types of paper, their properties and their applications

Starter: Answer the following multiple choice questions about paper and board based upon your existing knowledge

1) The source of paper is Oil Trees metal ores grasses rags

2) Paper is Non renewable renewable

3) Paper is biodegradable non biodegradable

4) Paper is more/less environmentally friendly than plasticMore Less

5) The following sizes apply to paper38, 39, 40 A1, A2, A3 80 gms 200 gms

Answers:

1) The source of paper is Oil Trees metal ores grasses rags

2) Paper is Non renewable renewable

3) Paper is biodegradable non biodegradable

4) Paper is more/less environmentally friendly than plastic

More Less

5) The following sizes apply to paper38, 39, 40 A1, A2, A3 80 gms 200 gms

Paper

• Paper is made from CELLULOSE FIBRES which is the structure found in the cell walls of plants

• The cellulose can be sourced from wood, rags or grasses

• When sourced from wood, the raw material is ‘wood pulp’

• All of these sources are ‘renewable’

• In most paper and board there is some recycled material making it more environmentally friendlythen plastics.

Stock forms

• Paper is sold by size and weight.

Anything over

200gsm is

classed as a

board

The weight

refers to one

square meter

The largest size is called A0. A1 is half the size of A0.Label the remaining sizes up to A7.

Bleed proof

paper

Cartridge

paper

Grid paper

Corrugated

card

Duplex

board

Foil lined

board

Foam core

board

Inkjet card Solid White

board

Paper you would

find in a good

quality sketchbook

Paper with a grid

printed on it like

the paper you would

find in a maths

exercise book

Cardboard used in

Protective packaging

such a pizza box

Paper you would

find in a sketchbook

designed for marker

pens

Cardboard used in

packaging that has a

printed side and a grey

side such as a cereal box

Cardboard with a

layer of foil stuck on

one side such as

the lid for a take away

foil container or a juice

carton

A type of board with a

layer of foam in the

center used for making

architectural models

A type of card suitable

for printing on The cardboard used

for the cover of

a hardback book

TASK 1

Look around your house and see

how many samples you can find of

each of these materials on the left.

Cut off a small piece of the material

and stick them down on a piece of

paper/card. Label each one.

Here is a grid showing all the papers and

boards you need to know for the

exam.

TASK 2

On the right is a list of properties

(characteristics) that paper and boards have.

Try to write down two properties for each

paper and board in the grid.

Property Explanation

Partial

translucency

Can partially see through it. Good to use as an

overlay

Easy to score, fold

and cut

Through scoring, folding and cutting a 3D shape

can be made from a 2D net

Smooth surface for

printing onto

Marker ink will not soak into fibres but will stay

on the surface

Good surface for

sketching and

rendering

High quality slightly textured surface. Can be

used with pencils, coloured pencils, pastels and

watercolours for designing

Prevents marker

bleed

Marker ink will not soak into fibres but will stay

on the surface

Water and oil

resistant

Has a layer of plastic or foil or other coating

attached to improve durability and water

resistance

Recyclable Can be reprocessed for manufacture into new

products to reduce environmental impact

Can be laminated Reflects the light and gives a sense of quality

and sophistication

Textured surface Surface is slightly rough with dimples which help

to hold colour and give an interesting look

Impact absorbing Fluted inner layer compresses (squashes) on

impact, absorbing energy

Stiff and rigid Not flexible. Will retain its shape

Heat insulator Will not allow heat to pass through it easily

Biodegradable Will be broken down naturally by

microorganisms

TASK 3

Have a go at the following questions on papers and boards. These are examples of

questions that may appear on the exam.

Which of these is a stock form of paper and board

80gsm

Mouldings

Rod

Sheet

Which of these statements is incorrect?

Core Principles: Exemplar Paper and board questions

Smooth paper, often used with water and spirit based markers which prevents marker bleed.

Tracing paper Layout paper Cartridge paper Bleed proof paper

A B C D

Give the correct answer:

Good quality white paper, often with a slight texture.

Tracing paper Cartridge paper Grid paper Bleed proof paper

A B C D

Paper printed with different grids as guidelines (these can be isometric).

Grid paper Cartridge paper Layout paper Bleed proof paper

A B C D

Thin board which often has one side suitable forprinting

Foil lined board Duplex board Corrugated cardboard Foam core board

A B C D

Thin and transparent paper.

Layout paper Cartridge paper Tracing paper Bleed proof paper

A B C D

Top quality rigid cardboard, smooth, white and good for printing on

Foil lined board Duplex board Corrugated cardboard Solid white board

A B C D

Strong, lightweight material made up of two or more layers and a fluted middle section

Foil lined board Duplex board Corrugated cardboard Solid white board

A B C D

Two pieces of board with a core of foam to increasethickness, very lightweight

Foil lined board Duplex board Foam core board Solid white board

A B C D

1) Corrugated Cardboard is often used for outer packaging used in transportation. Give two properties

of Corrugated cardboard that make it suitable.

Property 1

Property 2

Corrugated cardboard has a fluted inner layer that absorbs impact when crushed.

This would protect the contents of the package from damage during transportation.

Corrugated cardboard has a smooth surface which is good for printing onto.

This would allow things such as the company logo, barcode and name of the item to be printed on forIdentification purposes.