Aprūpinimo energija efektyvumas Energy efficiency on supply side

Lietuvos energetikos konferencija 2013

« Nepriklausoma energetika – stipri ekonomika »

Viktoras Karaliūnas

ALSTOM LT

Vilnius 20131010

V

• Economic crisis

− Reduction of consumption − Need of sustainable energy

• Energy mix evolution

− High development of Renewable energy − Phase out of Nuclear & New Build − Coal vs. Gas for conventional energy

• Integrated market

− Effective 1st January 2014 − Capacity market

Challenges for the European Electricity Sector

• Energy efficiency on both demand & supply side

• Reducing Cost of new Technologies

• Increasing capacity of New Technologies

Solutions exist for Sustainable Energy

• Balanced Energy Mix

• Smart Grid

• Hybrid AC/DC grid

• Storage

• Develop Transmission Network : HVDC

• Innovative & efficient renewable energy (offshore, Ocean, variable PSP, CSP…)

• Demonstrating CCS

• Improving Power plants efficiency

• Improving Air quality

• Maximising Water resources

EU 2020 Climate and Energy framework

• EU ETS: 45% of EU emissions: reduce 21% 2005-20 • Renewables:

long list ….

Instrument / Policy

Covers which sectors Target Status in 2020 ?

EU ETS Directive

Power and industry: 45% of EU emissions

Reduce emissions by 21% by 2020 compared to 2005

BINDING

Renewables Directive

Power and transport Renewables to be 20% of energy consumption by 2020

BINDING

Energy Efficiency Directive

Whole economy Up to Member States to deploy (transposition on going)

Improve by 20% by 2020 vs. business as usual

NOT BINDING

• Vehicle CO2 standards will be

met

• New efficiency standards and

labelling for lighting and

appliances

Progress on Energy Efficiency ?

• More finance needed, especially

for the renovation of buildings

• More efforts needed on supply

side efficiency

• More progress needed in overall

transport energy efficiency

EU CO2 price too low

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

RGGI

Australia (with linkage)

EU

Shenzhen

South Africa

California

Quebec

Alberta

EU (Phase 2 prices)

Australia (pre-EU linkage)

British Colombia

$/tonne

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

janv.-05 mai-08 sept.-11

ECX EUA DecAhead

• Carbon price is not driving investments

• Low auction revenues

Insufficient investments in clean energy

2013-2020

$140 billion

Clean energy investments $bn

Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance, UNEP, SEFI

58.6

64.4

45.1

2010 2011 2012

The scope for improving supply-side efficiency

• Improving supply-side efficiency means improving the thermal efficiency standards at our power stations, notably coal and gas-fired power plants.

• There is plenty of scope for doing so:

most of Europe’s coal plants operate at 37-38% thermal efficiency levels. BAT (Best Available Techniques) delivers 46%.

Europe’s gas turbine plants operate at an average 52% efficiency. BAT delivers 58%.

Europe’s gas and oil boiler plants operate at an average 36% efficiency. BAT delivers 47%.

installing BAT on a coal plant can reduce its CO2 emissions by up to 13%.

Alstom Grid Alstom Thermal Power

Three main activities in four sectors 93,000 employees in 100 countries, orders 2012/13 = 23.8 €bn

Alstom Renewable Power Alstom Transport

Leadership in key markets and fast-growing

technologies (disconnectors, GIS, HVDC …)

Alstom makes 1 metro in 4 and 1 tram in 4

Alstom supplies major equipment for 25% of the

worldwide installed power generation capacity and….

….it holds 25% of hydro electricity market

Alstom Vision for Green Energy

Sustainable

Secure

Affordable

Improving efficiency of gas and coal plants

Combined Cycle power plant

Coal-fired power plant

Continuous performance improvement

1960 1980 2010

167/540/540240/540/565

270/580/600

280/600/620

350/700/720

2020

350/730/760

50%

* Based on LHV and open cycle cooling at 13°C

45%

Net Plant Efficiency evolution

45

50

55

60

65

70

1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600

Hot Gas Temperature (ºC)

Com

bin

ed C

ycle

Eff

icie

ncy

(%)

1980

1995

2011

Improving air quality = public health benefits

Progress Made in Reducing NOx Emissions

Improving power plant efficiency = less CO2

New Plants

Retrofit

60% of the 2030 installed base still to be built

60% of carbon emitted in 2030 will come from today’s plant

Gas: +20 p.p in efficiency saves

33% CO2 emissions

Coal: +20 p.p in efficiency saves

40% CO2 emissions

Plant Optimisation:

-5% CO2

Turbine retrofit:

-5% CO2

Boiler retrofit:

-3% CO2

Expanding Renewables

Concentrated Solar: ready for scale-up

Ocean Energy:

1MW tidal

device being

tested

Offshore Wind:

6MW prototype

operating

Hydro Pumped Storage: fixed

and variable speed

Low carbon solutions that optimise indigenous natural resources

Increasing capacity of new technologies: Wind

Each step in evolution improves capacity factor & increases output

Nominal output (MW)

Cap

acit

y fa

ctor

(@

7m

/s)

Wind classes not considered, as most products go through one or more upgrades during lifetime Approx. year of commercialization

2008

2009 2009

2001 2002

2004 2008

2003 2008

2009 2010

2011

2012 2010

2011

2012

2007

2005

1999

2009

2002

2005 2003

2009 2011

Source: Alstom analysis

Balanced energy mix

Gas Coal

Hydro, Tidal, Wave Nuclear Wind: on and offshore offshore

Oil

Solar Geothermal Biomass

© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

[stake holder] - Next Generation GT26/KA26 - [presenter's initials] - 17 Aug 2011 - P 17

Efficiency crucial to integrating renewables

• Intermittent resources like wind and solar power require flexible, reliable back-up power to ensure grid stability

Combined cycle flexibility supports the reliable integration of renewables

• Flexibility is a key driver of Alstom’s combined cycle product development

•Large turn-down capability, low load operation capability •Part-load efficiency •Fast start-up & load changes •Grid frequency support

© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Affordable = market-balancing to manage price spikes

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Sau Vas Kov Bal Geg Bir Lie Rgp Rgs Spl Lap Grd

Do

lla

rs p

er

MW

h

© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Secure = flexible power plants to integrate renewables Flexible Operating Modes

Highest part load efficiency

Low Load Parking

Fast ramp rates

© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Hybrid AC/DC Grids to integrate renewables

© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Smart grid for flexible and reliable power

© ALSTOM 2011. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Transport: a major – and growing - contribution to Energy use & CO2 emissions in Europe

22

Source: IEA 2011

Electricity for rail integrated in rail figures

Alstom Transport offering for energy efficiency and CO2 reduction

High environmental performance rolling-

stock

Smart Railway Systems

Energy Efficiency Services

Weight Reduction

Aerodynamics

Insulation

Efficient Traction & auxiliaries

Hybrid Traction

Braking energy recovery & storage

On-board energy management

Energy Diagnosis

Energy metering

Eco-driving

Re-tractionning & Retrofit for energy efficiency

Electrification

Reversible electrical sub-stations for braking energy recovery

Smart Grid for railway

Driverless metros & ATO Adressing existing fleet is key to

reach objectives by 2030

Meters and Eco-driving tools

Permanent Magnetic Motors & new Powerpack

Variable Heating and Ventilation

Regiolis, Sustainable Mobility for French Regions

15 % less energy consumption than competition

Automatic sleep modes

AGV technology: reducing customers’ environmental footprint

P 25

Designed for reduced weight

Distributed traction with articulated

architecture

Permanent Magnet Motors

20 % less energy consumption than previous generation

10 % less than other market solutions

Innovative Systems solutions to minimize energy losses

On-board for auxiliaries

Used by trains nearby

Source : UITP Study on energy saving (1997) based on 25 MRT and 7 LRT

networks

100 %

Braking energy

Vehicle energy absorption 27 % Energy re-used

42 %

15 % usually lost in resistors

On-board storage in supercaps

HESOP Reversible electrical sub-station

Inverters

Demonstrator with RATP - STEEM : 15% energy saved

Demonstrator with RATP - Positive results

www.alstom.com

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