Application of Triploidy to an Emergent Oyster Culture ...
Transcript of Application of Triploidy to an Emergent Oyster Culture ...
Application of Triploidy to an Emergent Oyster Culture Industry on Florida’s West Coast:Results of Growers’ Trials
Carter Cyr, Reggie Markham, and Leslie SturmerUniversity of Florida / IFAS Florida Sea GrantShellfish Aquaculture Extension Cedar Key, FL
Oyster Culture on Florida’s West Coast: An Emergent Industry
RATIONAL• Fishery failure in Apalachicola Bay,
2012• Water column leases approved,
2013• WEI certification program,
2014• Infrastructure provided by hard
clam aquaculture industry
Oyster Culture on Florida’s West Coast: An Emergent Industry
STATUS• 76 clam (bottom) leases modified for
water column use
• 64 new oyster culture leases (128 acres)
• 106 certified oyster growers
• No production statistics
Application of Triploidy to an Emergent Oyster Culture Industry on Florida’s West Coast
Project demonstrates and evaluates an oyster breeding process under local conditions
Funded by:
3N2N
OBJECTIVES are two fold:1) Document production performance,
assess health, and evaluate quality of diploid (2N) and triploid (3N) oysters
2) Quantify effects of different culture methods and seasonal harvests
2015-18
GROWER TRIALS
• Ten growers in 5 counties Pine Island (PI), Lee County Charlotte Harbor (CH), Charlotte County Cedar Key (CK), Levy County Oyster Bay (OB), Wakulla County Alligator Harbor (AH), Franklin County
• Two seasonal trials Winter conditions Summer conditions
Oyster Bay, Wakulla County
Cedar Key, Levy County
Cedar Key, Levy County
Alligator Harbor, Franklin County
Charlotte Harbor,Charlotte CountyGulf of Mexico
FLORIDA
• Gear usedBottom cages
o CH, PI, CK-1
Floating bagso CK-2,3,4o AH-1,2
Adjustable longlineso OB-1,2
Floating cages o OB-3
GROWER TRIALS
Adjustable longline
Floating bags
Floating cages
Bottom cages
SEED PRODUCTIONSPAWNS• Trial 1: April 2016 3N: FL west coast 2N♀ X LSU 4N ♂ 2N: FL west coast stocks, half siblings
• Trial 2: September/October 2016 3N: LSU and AU hatcheries 2N: FL west coast hatchery
LAND-BASED NURSERY• Trials 1&2 3N & 2N: Nurse in wellers at commercial
facility in Cedar Key
SEED DISTRIBUTION
Grower Trials
Diploid Seed Triploid SeedPlant Dates# SH
(mm) # SH (mm)
1 2500 24 2500 24 22 Jul-2 Aug 2016
2 2500 21 2500 26 22 Mar-5 Apr 2017
• Growers were asked to stock 3-4 “sample” bags/baskets at final density and not to harvest from them
• Sample bags/baskets maintained as others • After 7-8 months, sample bags/baskets were collected• Live oysters were counted per bag to estimate survival• Samples from each bag were measured for growth
HARVEST / SAMPLE COLLECTION
Grower Trials
Harvest Dates
Growout Time
Growout “Season”
1 22 Mar-5 Apr 2017
8 months Winter
2 24 Oct-26 Nov 2017 7-8 months Summer
• In addition, activity sheets provided to growers at start of trials
• Record when oysters are planted and transferred and number and sizes of bags
• Record estimated time for various culture activities (plant, transfer, fouling control, harvest, etc.)
DATA COLLECTION
40
50
60
70
80
90
100W
ater
Tem
pera
ture
(˚F)
TRIAL 1: Temperature (Jul 2016 – Mar 2017)
Avg Temp= 71-81°F
74 73
83
6772
65
84 85
98
65
83
73
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
CharlotteHarbor
CedarKey-1
CedarKey-2
OysterBay-2
AlligatorHarbor-1
AlligatorHarbor-2
Shel
l Hei
ght (
mm
)TRIAL 1: Growth-Shell Height
2N 3N
Bottom Cage
Floating Bag
Floating Bag
Gear Type:
Bottom Cage
AdjustableLong Line
Floating Bag
75 mm = 3”
64
7 6 6 6
97
14
5
86
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
CharlotteHarbor
CedarKey-1
CedarKey-2
OysterBay-2
AlligatorHarbor-1
AlligatorHarbor-2
Mea
t Wei
ght (
g)TRIAL 1: Growth-Meat Weight
Bottom Cage
Floating Bag
Floating Bag
Gear Type:
Bottom Cage
AdjustableLong Line
Floating Bag
2N 3N
SHELL SHAPE
Fan Ratio SL/SH = 2/3 = 0.67
Shell Height (SH) 3
Shell Length (SL)2
Shell Width (SW) 1
Cup Ratio SW/SH = 1/3 = 0.33
Preferred Ratio:
::
0.65
0.54
0.64 0.64
0.570.60
0.66
0.53
0.70 0.680.64 0.62
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
CharlotteHarbor
CedarKey-1
CedarKey-2
OysterBay-2
AlligatorHarbor-1
AlligatorHarbor-2
Fan
Rat
ioTRIAL 1: Shape-Fan Ratio
Bottom Cage
Floating Bag
Floating Bag
Gear Type:
Bottom Cage
AdjustableLong Line
Floating Bag
2N 3N
0.36
0.270.30 0.30 0.29 0.30
0.34
0.270.31
0.330.30 0.30
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
CharlotteHarbor
CedarKey-1
CedarKey-2
OysterBay-2
AlligatorHarbor-1
AlligatorHarbor-2
Cup
Rat
ioTRIAL 1: Shape-Cup Ratio
Bottom Cage
Floating Bag
Floating Bag
Gear Type:
Bottom Cage
AdjustableLong Line
Floating Bag
2N 3N
TRIAL 1: SurvivalWinter: Jul/Aug 2016 – Mar/Apr 2017
Location Gear Diploid Triploid
Cedar Key-1
Bottom Cages 91 89
Cedar Key-2
Floating Bags 99 98
Alligator Harbor-1
Floating Bags 99 99
Alligator Harbor-2
Floating Bags 97 98
Survival (%)
Charlotte Harbor, Charlotte County
Cedar Key, Levy County
CK-2
CK-1
CK-2
CK-1
OB-1
Oyster Bay, Wakulla County
OB-2
OB-1
OB-2
Alligator Harbor, Franklin County
AH-1 AH-2
40
50
60
70
80
90
100W
ater
Tem
pera
ture
(°F)
Avg Temp = 80-82°F
TRIAL 2: Temperature (Mar – Nov 2017)
Pine Island-Bottom cageCedar Key 3-Floating bag
Oyster Bay 3-Floating cageAlligator Harbor 1-Floating bag
Oyster Bay 1-Adjustable long line
45
61 63
52 5452
75 73
52
67
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
PineIsland
CedarKey-3
CedarKey-4
OysterBay-3
AlligatorHarbor-1
Shel
l Hei
ght (
mm
)TRIAL 2: Growth-Shell Height
Gear Type:
Bottom Cage
Floating Bag
Floating Bag
Floating Cage
Floating Bag
2N 3N
75 mm = 3”
24 4
3 43
76
3
5
02468
10121416
PineIsland
CedarKey-3
CedarKey-4
OysterBay-3
AlligatorHarbor-1
Mea
t Wei
ght (
g)TRIAL 2: Growth-Meat Weight
Bottom Cage
Floating Bag
Floating Bag
Floating Cage
Floating Bag
2N 3N
Gear Type:
CONDITION INDEX• Weight ratio that describes quality of meat or yield (“fatness”)• Relative value, no ‘ideal’ condition index range
Dry Meat Weight
Whole Weight – Dry Shell WeightCI = * 100
6.0 5.9
7.9 8.1
6.57.2
5.96.5
0
2
4
6
8
10
PineIsland
CedarKey-3
CedarKey-4
OysterBay-3
AlligatorHarbor-1
Con
ditio
n In
dex
TRIAL 2: Condition Index
Bottom Cage
Floating Bag
Floating Bag
Floating Cage
Floating Bag
2N 3N
Gear Type:
TRIAL 2: SurvivalSummer: Mar/Apr 2017 – Oct/Nov 2017
Grower Gear Diploid Triploid
Cedar Key-3
Floating Bags 68 68
Cedar Key-4
Floating Bags 70 57
Oyster Bay-3
Floating Cages 82 85
Alligator Harbor-1
Floating Bags 67 92
Survival (%)
TRIAL 2: Biofouling
Grower Gear Diploid Triploid
Cedar Key-3
Floating Bags 65 37
Cedar Key-4
Floating Bags 118 47
Oyster Bay-2
Adjustable Longline 22 33
Oyster Bay-3
Floating Cages 7 22
Alligator Harbor-1
Floating Bags 26 9
Biofouling (%)
= Fouling Weight / Shell Weight (%)
Alligator Harbor
Cedar Key Oyster Bay
Floating Bag
Adjustable Longline
Floating Cage
Floating Bag
Floating Bag
CK-4
CK-4
TRIAL 2OB-2
OB-2
OB-3
OB-3
AH-1
AH-1
CK-3
CK-3
Multiple demonstration sites were established at commercial shellfish aquaculture leases on Florida’s west coast.
SUMMARY
March 2017
SUMMARY
Production differences related to ploidy type, farm location, gear type, and season were documented.
November 2017
SUMMARY
Potential advantages of triploidy, such as faster growth, shorter crop times, and year-round quality oyster meat were also documented.
March 2017
Follow this project by viewing the news blog posted at
http://shellfish.ifas.ufl.edu
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• ALL PARTICIPATING GROWERS Ray Bauer Carter Davis Jon Gill Deborah Keller Bill Lartz Johnny Sheridan Shawn Stephenson Darryl Taylor Ray Vickery Bobby Witt
• FUNDING: NOAA National Sea Grant