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INTRODUCTION A canal is a structure which conveys water from the source to

a required point. The alignment of a canal should be fixed a

designed in such a way that it should cover more command

area, it should avoid cutting and filling, steep turns, permeable

soil, area subjected to landslides or that have a tendency for

sliding. It is also very important that the canal alignment

should be able to carry the discharge with self cleaning

velocity so that no sediments should settle at the bottom and at

canal banks. The application of GIS technology will be

helpful in identifying all the spatial/ non-spatial details

accurately and mapping in a lesser time. Many advanced tools

are available in the GIS software to speed up the geo-

processing, integration of the non-spatial information in digital

environment, it is also very helpful in generating the necessary

analysis and statistics in a short time, whereas the same task

may take few days to weeks through the other convenient

methodology. BIM tools are generally used to develop models

such as TIN surface model & from this models the elevation

plan of respective area can be easily generated which can be

further used for the overlay analysis. In this paper various

applications of GIS and BIM tools are presented for fixing the

canal alignment in a command area by using topography, soil

type, ground water potential zones, elevation plan etc.

DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA The Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal at RD15560M comes

from Mokhabardi Main canal of Gosikhurd Indira Sagar

Project, at tahasil- Bhivapur, Dist- Nagpur(M.S). The study

area is situated between latitude 200 40'N and longitude 79

0

20'E and encompasses a total command area of 275.7 Hect.

The maximum and minimum elevations in the area varies from

272.95 to 257.00M from MSL. The region is having two type

of soil formation which is clayey and silt clay loam.

Fig. 1 : Location Map of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

DESIGN STEPS 1) Creating TIN surface using Topographical data.

2) Generating elevation plan from TIN surface.

3) Overlay soil map, GWT zone map and elevation plan

for fixing the canal alignment.

4) Fixing the best canal alignment by comparing (a) soil

map (b) GWT zone map (c) Topography, by using

GIS analysis tools.

Journal of Indian Water Resources Society,

Vol 35, No.3, July, 2015

APPLICATION OF GIS TECHNIQUES AND BIM TOOLS IN FIXING THE CANAL ALIGNMENT

R.G. Gabbi1, S.L. Atmapoojya2 and D.K. Agrawal3

ABSTRACT The previous decades had shown the huge progress in information and computer technology and their applications in various fields.

Geographical Information System (GIS) is a powerful software tool, by using this technology it is very convenient to generate GIS database

system, digitize the existing map, obtain and translate electronic data from various sources and journals, generating the layer and their

overlay analysis, preparation of TIN surface or models etc. Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools is basically an intelligent model

based process which is very helpful for planning and designing purpose. The aim of this study is to present various GIS and BIM tools

applications for fixing the canal alignment at Somnala Minor Irrigation Scheme of Gosikhurd Indira Sagar Project. GIS was developed to

provide a powerful tool to analyze large volume of geographical data. It stores a considerable amount of spatial information in a compact

and accessible form, it has the ability to work with spatial and non-spatial data and also it can create information by integrating data

layers. In addition several scripts have been developed to calculate necessary results. This paper presents the application of GIS and BIM

tools for fixing the canal alignment in a command area based on topography, soil type, ground water potential zone, elevation plan etc.

Key Words: GIS – Geographical Information System, BIM- Building Information Modeling Tools, Tin surface, Bottom slope, Spatial data.

1. Research Scholar, Manoharbhai Patel Institute of

Engineering & Technology, Gondia(M.S.)

Email: raviraj.singh9422@gmail.com

2. Professor in Civil Engg., Kavikulguru Institute of Technology

& Science, Ramtek (M.S.)-441106, Dist. Nagpur

Email: atmapoojya@yahoo.com

3. Professor in Civil Engg., Bapurao Deshmukh College of

Engg., Wardha (M.S.) Email: dkagarwal_1512@yahoo.co.in

Manuscript No.: 1398

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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METHODOLOGY

Input Method and Models For the study, a part of Gosikhurd Indira Sagar Project situated

near Bhandara District of Maharashtra State has been taken. A

part of the project named “Somnala Minor Irrigation Scheme”

has been considered as an illustrative example to explain the

concept of GIS and BIM tools for fixing the canal alignment.

Following models and plans have been prepared of the selected

area:

TIN Surface (Model)

Elevation Plan

Soil Map

Ground Water Potential map

These plans are shown in following figures:

Fig. 2: TIN Surface of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

Fig. 3: Elevation Plan of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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FIXING OF PROPOSED CANAL

ALIGNMENT For the study, three alignments are considered and based on

the models and plans, all the three alignments are compared

and the best one is recommended (one alignment is existing in

the site and other two are proposed).

a) Canal Alignments are proposed based on elevation

plan

Fig. 4: Soil Map of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

Fig.5: Ground Water Potential Zone Map of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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Fig. 6: Elevation Plan of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

b) Canal Alignments are proposed based on soil type

Fig. 7: Soil Map of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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OUTPUT AND RESULTS

Based on various characteristics as described earlier the

proposed canal alignments are studied and the best one will be

selected depending upon the above characteristics. The results

are shown in the form of Bar charts.

c) Canal alignments are proposed based Ground Water Potential

Fig. 8: Ground Water Potential Zone Map of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

Fig. 9: Soil Map of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

Exist i n

g A

li gnm

ent

Pro

posed

01

Prop

osed 02

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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Fig. 9(a): Soil Type Vs Length (Existing Canal)

Fig. 9(b): Soil Type Vs Length (Proposed 01 Canal )

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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Fig. 9(c) : Soil Type Vs. Length (Proposed 02 Canal)

Fig. 10: Ground Water Potential Zone Map

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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Fig. 10(a): Ground Water Potential Vs. Length (Existing Canal)

Fig. 10(b): Ground Water Potential Vs Length (Proposed 01 Canal).

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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Evaluation of Command Area for various alignments In the command map the comparison of three alignments

(existing, proposed 01 and proposed 02) are done based on the

above considerations and the command area is calculated by

using BIM Tools which is shown in figure 11, 11(a), 11(b)

and 11(c) respectively

Fig. 10(c): Ground Water Potential Vs Length (Proposed 02 Canal)

Fig. 11: Command Map of Somnala Minor Irrigation Canal

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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Fig. 11(a): Command Map of Existing Canal

Fig. 11(b): Command Map of Proposed 01 Canal

Canal Length (existing) : 3.075 km

Canal Length (Prop. 01) : 2.757 km

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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Fig. 11(c): Command Map of Proposed 02 Canal

FLOW CHART:

INPUT DATA

Topographical Map Soil Map G.W.T. Zone Map

TIN surface(Model)

Superimposing of Data(Arc GIS software)

Generating elevation Plan

Proposed Canal Alignment

Analysis based on

Fixing of Best Alignment

i) Soil type ii) GWTiii) Command area

Canal Length (Prop. 02) : 3.120 km

Fixing of Best Alignment

J. Indian Water Resour. Soc., Vol 35, No. 3, July 2015

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RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the outcomes of the study the alignment no. 1 is

recommended because:

i) As shown in fig. 09 the canal alignment covers the

maximum portion of clayey soil which ultimately

having less seepage.

ii) It covers the Maximum portion of moderate zones of

Ground Water Potential.

iii) The alignment passes from the Maximum Elevation

zones, which is helpful for carrying water with the

appropriate velocity.

iv) The Command Area is maximum as shown in fig.

11(b).

v) The Cultivated Area is maximum, as the Command

Area for this alignment is maximum which is 282.86

Hectare.

vi) As shown in fig. 11(b) the length of canal alignment

is less with maximum Command Area as compared

with other canal alignments.

CONCLUSION

i) GIS is useful and appropriate tool for spatial

calculations, manipulation of data and map

generation.

ii) With the use of Arc GIS software and BIM tools it is

possible to fix a canal alignment more favorably and

economically.

iii) The TIN model developed by BIM tools will be very

helpful for GIS calculation and canal investigations.

iv) The elevation plan can be easily generated from the

TIN model which is very useful for fixing the canal

alignment.

v) Overlay analysis can be easily performed by using

GIS tools.

vi) By applying the water drop tool of BIM we can check

that the water is flowing on one side or both sides of

the canal alignment.

vii) By using GIS analysis tools the best canal alignment

can be fixed by considering various parameters such

as elevation, soil type, ground water potential zones,

command area etc.

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