Under guidance:

ASST.PROF.

GHOUSIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING RAMANAGARAM

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL &ELECTRONICS ENGG.

INTRODUCTION

It is designed in which the flywheel battery saves and releases energy when necessary.

Flywheel battery resolves the problem of incapability of solar power supply at night and delays the time of supply.

Output characteristics of photovoltaic cell are optimized in this system.

Quality & reliability in power supply is greatly improved.

Modes of OperationMode 1: No energy is required by the load, and

all energy generated by the PV array is stored in the flywheel.

Mode 2: The PV energy is greater than the load and

the surplus is stored in the flywheel.Mode 3: The PV energy is less than the load and the flywheel supplements the necessary

energy to match the load.Mode 4: No PV energy is generated and the flywheel supplies the load until fully discharged

Modes of operation

PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLA solar cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that

converts sunlight directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect.

Solar cell is configured as a large-area p-n junction made from silicon.

If a piece of p-type silicon is placed in contact with a piece of n-type silicon, then a diffusion of electrons occurs from the region of high electron concentration to low electron concentration.

when the electrons diffuse across the p-n junction, they recombine with holes on the p-type side.

The electric field established across the p-n junction creates a diode that promotes charge flow, known as drift current.This region where electrons and holes have

diffused across the junction is called the depletion region.

This region no longer contains any mobile charge carriers known as the space charge region.

Diagram of Flywheel energy storage unit

Merits of Flywheel energy storage unitHighly efficient, Non-polluting.Reliable, Long life.Easily and inexpensively maintained, and safe.Much higher charging and discharging rate.Able to cyclic discharged to zero energy

without degrading The storage capacity is independent of

temperature

fluctuations.Much higher energy storage efficiencies.High power output.

POWER REGULATION AND CONDITIONING Regulator circuitry is required to cyclically

bring the energy storage system on- and off-line to maintain a constant supply of energy available to the load.

If the PV array output dropped below a certain threshold, the PV would be disconnected from the load to be replaced by the flywheel battery which would begin to decelerate and discharge.

If the PV output rise above a certain threshold, the flywheel battery would be disconnected from the load and would begin to accelerate & charge from a port of the array's output.

Once the flywheel reached its design speed, it would not require any further charging due to its long rundown time-constant.

FLYWHEEL BATTERY USED IN SOME DIFFERENT AREAS ARE SHOWN BELOW :

Wasted heat is storage

Storage system

Satellite Placed in

Head phone battery

CONCLUSION Reduce cost of flywheel rotor and

advanced magnetic bearing.Mass will produced with quality.Develop light weight vacuum containment

vessel.Reduced over all system weight.With the proposed system, the PV array

can satisfy the load for a prolonged duration.

REFERENCES1) Tang Shuangqing Zuo Weiwei Liao Daoxum A

new flywheel energy storage system for distributed generation.

2) Jiancheng Zhang; Zhiye Chen; Lijun Cai; Yuhua Zhao. "Flywheel energy storage system design for distribution network", IEEE on Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2000, Vol. 4: 2619 –2623.

3) Yuanfang Zhou, Renshan Xiao, Jingzhang Liao, Shizuo Li. "Design Researches on Rare-Earth Permanent Magnetic Brushless D.C. Motors", Guangxi Elctric Power Technology in China, 1996, Vol. 2:15-20.

4) Reinke, L.J. "Tutorial overview of flywheel energy storage in a photovoltaic power generation system", vol.2: 1161 –1164.

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