Application - hu-berlin.de

28/09/2012

October 2010 Research Programme for Earth Observation “STEREO II”

Application

Invasive Species Mapping in Hawaiian Rainforests Using Multi-Temporal Hyperion Spaceborne Imaging Spectroscopy

Ben Somers Gregory P Asner

October 2010 Research Programme for Earth Observation “STEREO II” October 2010 November 2011

Research Programme for Earth Observation “STEREO II”

October 2010 October 2010 3rd EnMAP Summer School HU Berlin, 27.09.2012

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invasive species threat?

October 2010 Research Programme for Earth Observation “STEREO II” October 2010 Research Programme for Earth Observation “STEREO II” October 2010 November 2011



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invasive species threat?

Molnar et al., Frontiers in Ecology & the Environment, 2008




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invasive species monitoring?

http://academic.sun.ac.za/iasi/action/bip_status_of_invasion.asp




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invasive species monitoring?

Field Scouting

Remote Sensing




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spectral similarity & spectral mixture problem!

white oak virginia pine

Yellow poplar

Van Aardt & Wynne, 2001, PEARS

RS in mixed vegetation systems?

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Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)

Invasive species information for Hawaii and the Pacific

The mission of the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR) is to provide

technology, methods, and information tools and to facilitate communication

among decision-makers, resource managers, and the general public to help

support effective science-based management of harmful non-native species in

Hawaii and the Pacific.

Hawaii Invasive Species Council

The Hawaii Invasive Species Council (the Council or

HISC) was established for the special purpose of

providing policy level direction, coordination, and

planning among state departments, federal agencies,

and international and local initiatives for the control and

eradication of harmful invasive species infestations

throughout the State of Hawaii and for preventing the

introduction of other invasive species that may be

potentially harmful


study area

> 9000 organisms have been introduced; 120

plant species are considered highly invasive




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Daniel Akaka

US Senator for Hawaii


study area

Nearly $4.5 Million Stimulus Funds Will

Fight Invasive Species in Hawaii Thu, May 14, 2009

WASHINGTON - Senate Appropriations Chairman Daniel K. Inouye and Senator Daniel K. Akaka announced today that the State of Hawaii will receive $4,486,000 to fight invasive plant species across the islands. The United States Department of Agriculture is distributing the funding as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Specific projects on both state and private lands will be selected by the State government. "Many of our irreplaceable native forests and flora are in danger of being lost forever because of invasive species that have come to Hawaii from other parts of the world," said Chairman Inouye and Senator Akaka. "This funding will be a big help in our battle to save our unique Hawaiian plants that exist nowhere else, while creating job opportunities for workers across the islands. We will continue our efforts to get federal funding for this serious challenge."




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study area

Hawaiian Archipelago

Kilauea Caldera

Kilauea Iki

Crater Lava Flows

Ohia (Metrosideros) Forest

Hawaii Volcanoes National Park

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October 2010

study area

Hawaiian Archipelago

Ohia (Metrosideros) Forest



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October 2010

study area


Morella infestations (high leaf nitrogen

And low canopy water)

Native Metrosideros (low leaf nitrogen

and high canopy water)


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October 2010

study area


High spectral similarity Mixed nature of pixels

EO-1 Hyperion data

multitemporal unmixing chain

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October 2010

Objective?


SPECTRAL MIXTURE MODELING

SPECTRAL ENDMEMBER EXTRACTION

MULTI-TEMPORAL SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS

Multi-temporal hyperspectral

mixture analysis

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MiamiCaptionURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V6V-4S0285F-2&_image=B6V6V-4S0285F-2-M&_ba=&_user=877992&_coverDate=05/15/2008&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5824&_pii=S0034425708000230&view=c&_isHiQual=Y&_acct=C000047079&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=877992&md5=b68ab3fb5122b698c72843c9f2a85ea5

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October 2010

Some remarks?


• Step-by-step implementation of multi-temporal spectral unmixing

chain

• You will do some steps; I will do others (due to time constraints)

• Due to copyright issues I’m not allowed to provide you with all data.

We will work with a limited set of images and with modified spectral

information and ground truth (concept is important!)

•We have done all our coding in Matlab and R for Statistics. We

normally do not use ENVI (you’re more of a ENVI specialist than I

am!)

•We will perform a simplified approach to demonstrate the concept

and potential benefits of multi-temporal unmixing

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multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis data?




1. ‘Temporal Unmixing’ map ‘Images’ subfolder –> March, August,

October

2. Read & display images

Data – Hyperion image for March, August & October 2004

(61 bands, spectrally resampled, NIR reflectance has been removed)

March August October

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1. ‘Temporal Unmixing’ map ‘Images’ subfolder

2. Read & display images (z-profile)

Data – Hyperion image for March, August & October 2004

(61 bands, NIR reflectance has been removed)

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SPECTRAL MIXTURE MODELING

SPECTRAL ENDMEMBER EXTRACTION

MULTI-TEMPORAL SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS

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Endmembers?

Invasive

Subfolder – ‘Endmembers’

(two vector files)

Invasive

Native

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multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis Unmixing?





SPECTRAL

MAPPING METHODS

LINEAR SPECTRAL UNMIXING

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1. Input Image

2. Mask band (read mask image, subfolder ‘mask’)

3. Endmember collection?

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3. Endmember collection?

4. Import – from EVF from input file

5. endmembers!!!!

6. Select All + Apply

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Show invasive species map

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1. Tools

2. Color Mapping

3. Density Slices

4. Clear ranges

5. Options

6. Add new ranges (-100 to 0.5 cyan)

7. Apply

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August

October March

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March

August October March

Spectral Separability?!

VIS

NIR2

SWIR1

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VIS

Black = March Green = August Red = October

BEST SEPARATION IN:

OCTOBER

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NIR2


BEST SEPARATION IN:

AUGUST

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SWIR1


BEST SEPARATION IN:

MARCH

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August

October March Best separability

Temporal composite

October March

August

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August

October March Best separability

Temporal composite

October March

August

VIS/SWIR October/March chlorosis in

invasive when wet and cool

NIR August invasives grow better LAI

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multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis

temporal unmixing endmember variability

multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis Multi-temporal hyperspectral mixture analysis?




temporal image stack

SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS

Rsatellite,1, t1 = R1,t1,tree1 * Ftree1+ R1,t1,tree2 * Ftree2 + E1

Rsatellite,1,t2 = R1,t2,tree1 * Ftree1+ R1,t2,tree2 * Ftree2 + E2

Rsatellite,2, t1 = R2,t1, tree1 * Ftree1+ R2,t1, tree2 * Ftree2+ E3

Rsatellite,2, t2 = R2,t2, tree1 * Ftree1+ R2,t2, tree2 * Ftree2 + E3

HYPOTHESIS: no change in cover fraction

during the considered time frame!!!!

(acceptable in many applications if time frame

is adapted to specific boundary conditions)

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TEMPORAL COMPOSITE

Endmembers – Image -





October

March

August


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TEMPORAL COMPOSITE

Image stack?





BASIC TOOLS

LAYER STACKING

Import file

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TEMPORAL COMPOSITE

Image stack?





BASIC TOOLS

LAYER STACKING

October – band 1 to 20

August – band 21 to 30

March – band 31 to 61

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March (VIS)

August (NIR)

October (SWIR)

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March (VIS)

August (NIR)

October (SWIR)

March (all bands)

August (all bands)

October (all bands)

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multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis

iterative mixture

analysis cycles

MESMA, Roberts et al., RSE, 1998

spectral feature selection Asner & Lobell, RSE, 2000;Somers et al., IJRS, 2010 Somers et al., IJRS, 2010

endmember variability data integration

spectral transformations Zhang et al., TGRS, 2004; Rivard et al., TGRS, 2008

temporal unmixing Lobell & Asner, RSE, 20004;

Singh & Glenn, IJRS, 2009

multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis Multi-temporal hyperspectral mixture analysis?




http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Wavelet_-_Morlet.png

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multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis multi-temporal spectral mixture analysis Thank You! Questions?




SPECTRAL

SPACE

TIME

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