210

APPENDICES

Appendix A

Fungal pathogens identified from golf course survey

211

212

Table A.I. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 1of the southern zone.

Zl.GClb Miaodochium TyphulaCoachman's luvale inarmoJaInn3.5

3.LI3.L2

3.HI3.H24.S4.Ll

4.L24.Hl

4.H26.S6.Ll

6.L26.Hl

6.H218.518.LI18.L2i8.HI

18.H2

Typhula Typlw/aishikariensis phaco"hiza

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.bThe Coachman's Inn. Edgenon, WI. Estimated Typhuia blight damaged area of fairwayssampled = I%.

213

Table A.2. Fungal palbogensa identified from sampling of golf course 2 of the southern zone.

Typhula Typlw.laishikariensis phaco"hiza

Zl.GC2b Microdochium TyphulaOlde nivale incammaHighlander1.5

l.Ll

I.L2l.Hl

l.H2

4.S4.Ll

4.L24.Hl

4.H25.S5.Li5.L25.Hl5.H2

7.S7.LL

7.L27.Hl7.H2

01 Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Olde Highlander Golf Club at Olympia Villiage. Oconomowoc. WI. Estimated. Typhulablight damaged area of fairways sampled = 2%.

214

Table A.3. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 3 of the southern zone.

ZLGC3bMeOOowSprings

I.SI.Lll.L2I.Hl

l.H26.S

6.Ll

6.L26.Hl6.H23.S3.LI

3.L23.HI3.H29.S

9.LI9.L2

9.HI9.H2

Microdochiwn Typhulanivale iocamala

Typhula Typhulaislzikari£nsis phacorrlUza

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Meadow Springs Country Club, Jefferron. WI. Estimated Typbula blight damaged area offairways sampled = 2%.

215

Table A.4. Fungal pathogensa. identified from sampling of go[f course 4 of the southern zone.

Typhula Typhulaishikariensis pJuu:o"hka

Z LGC4b Microdochium TyphuJaBlackhawk nivale irramalllCCS.SS.LIS.L2S.Hl5.H28.SS.LI

S.US.Hl

8.H21O.SlOLl

IO.L2IO.HI

1O.H213.5

13.Ll

13.L2

13.Hl13.H2

a. Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Blackhawk Country Club. Madison. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area of fairwayssampled = 1%.

216

Table A.5. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 5 of lhe southern zone.

Z1.GCSbKettleMoraineI1.S

11.L 1Ll.L21LHI11.H2

2.52.Ll2.L22.Hl2.H213.S

13.Ll

13.L213.Hl

13.H214.S

14.Ll14.L214.Hl

14.H2

Microdochium Typhulanivale inc.ama1a

Typhula Typhulaislzikariellsis phacorrhiza

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Kettle Moraine Golf Course, Dousman. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area offairways sampled =3%.

217

Table A.6. Fungal palhogensa identified from sampling of golf course 6 of the southern zone.

Zl.GC6b Miaodoclliwn Typlzu/aNine Springs niva/e irrarnoUJ

2.52.Ll

2.L22.Hl2.H24.54.Ll4.L24.Hl4.H29.S9.Ll

9.L29.Hl

9.H2

6.S6.Ll

6.L26.Hl6.HZ

Typhula Typlw/aishiJcariellsis phaco"hiza

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Nine Springs Golf Course. Fitchburg. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area offairways sampled = 1%.

218

Table A.7. Fungal patbogensa identified from sampling of golf course 7 of the southern zone.

ZLQC7bChristmasMountain9.S9.Ll9.129.HI9.H217.517.LI

17.L2

17.Hl17.H2

2.S2.Ll2.122.Hl2.H215.S15.Ll15.L2

IS.HI15.H2

Microdochium TypludanivaJe incamata

Typhllia TypJwlaishikariensis phaco"hiza

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Christmas Mountain Villiage, Wisconsin Dells, WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged areaof fairways sampled = 4%.

219

Table A.S. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 1of the central zone.

Z2.GClb Microdochium Typhu/aSentry World nivale incama/ll

17.5

17.Ll

17.L2

17.Hl

17.H212.5

12.Ll

12.L2

12.Hl12.H2

lO.S

lOoll

lO.L2IO.Hl

IO.H2

15.S

lS.LIIS.L2IS.HI

IS.H2

Typhula Typlmlaishikariensis phoco"hiza

il. Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b ~ntryworld Golf Course, Stevens Point, WI. Estimated TyphuJa blight damaged area offauways sampled =30%.

220

Table A.9. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 2 of the central zone.

Z2.GC2b Microdochiwn TyphlllaWaushara CC nivaJe url1TlUI1ll

3.S3.LL

3.L2

3.Hl

3.H2

2.S

2.Ll

2.L2

2.Hl2.H2

4.S4.Ll

4.L2

4.Hl

4.H2

6.S

6.Ll

6.L2

6.HI

6.H2

Typhula TyphuJairhikariensis phoco"hiza

3 Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Wausbara Country Club. Wautoma. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area of fairwayssampled = 2%.

221

Table A.IO. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 3 of the cenlral zone.

Z2.GC3b MicrodocJ.ilU1l TyphulaStevens Point nivale iocl1T1ll11aCC1.5

l.LI

1.L2l.Hll.H22.S2.LI

2.L22.Hl2.H2

12.5

12.Ll

12.L212.HI

12.H2

13.513.Lt13.L213.HI

13.H2

Typhula Typlwlaishikariensis pluu:orrhiza

aShaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Stevens Point Country Club, Stevens Point.WI. Estimated Typhula. blight damaged area offairways sampled = 5%.

222

Table A.II. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 4 of the central zone.

Z2.GC4b Microdochiwn TyphulaGlenn Cairn nivale irronllllaGC7.S7.Ll

7.L2

7.HI7.H2

2.S2.LI

2.L2

2.HI

2.H2

3.S

3.Lt3.L2

3.Hl

3.H2

S.SS.Ll5.L2S.HI5.H2

Typlwia Typhulaishikariensis phaco"hiza

;a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Glenn Cairn Golf Course, Ogdensburg. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area offairways sampled = 2%.

223

Table A.12. Fungal pathogensil identified from sampling of golf course 5 of the central zone.

22. GC5bIolaGe

9.S9.Ll

9.L29.Hl9.H2

4.S

4.Ll

4.L24.Hl

4.H2

2.S2.Ll2.L2

2.Hl2.H21.5

l.LI

l.L2l.Hl

l.H2

Microdoclliumniva1e

Typhu/aincamala

Typhu/a Typhu/aishikariensis pluu:o"hiza

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.bIola Community Golf Club, Icla, WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area of fairwayssampled = 8%.

224

Table A.l3. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 6 of the central zone.

22. GC6b Microdochium TyphulaBull's Eye CC nivaJe incamata

I1.S

Il.LI11.L2

ll.Hl

ll.H2

6.S6.LI6.L26.Hl

6.H2

3.S3.LI3.L23.HI

3.H216.S

16.Ll

16.L2

16.Hl

16.H2

TyplzuJa Typhulaishikariensis phaco"lziw

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Bull's Eye Country Club. Wisconsin Rapids. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area offairways sampled = 7%.

225

Table A.14. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 7 of the central zone.

21. GC7bMal5hfield13.513.Ll13.L213.HI13.H26.S6.Ll6.L26.Hl6.H2

1.5

l.Lll.L2l.HI

l.H2I1.S

11.Ll11.L211.HllLH2

Microdochiwn Typhu/anivale incOTTlll1a

TyphullJ Typhu/aishikariensis phaco"hiza

~Shaded area indicates palhogen found in sample.b Marshfield Country Club. Marshfield. WI. Estimated TyphuJa blight damaged area offairways sampled = 20%.

226

Table A.IS. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course I of the northern zone.

Typhula Typhula SderoIiniaishikariensis phacorrhiza borealis

Unidentified TyphulaTyphula spp. inct1171llllJ

Z3.GClbTimberRidge12.S

12.LI

12.L2 lr"i;::';:;'l~'2'~;..}}I~12.Hl12.H2

18.S

I8.LI

18.L2

I8.HI

I8.H2

5.SS.LIS.L2

SHlS.H24.S

4.Ll

4.L2

4.HI4.H2

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Timber Ridge Golf Course, Minocqua. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area offairways sampled = 23%.

227

Table A.16. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 2 of the northern zone..

Z3.GC2b

lnshalla13.513.Ll

13.L2

13.Hl13.H2

1.5

1.L1l.L2

l.Hl

l.H2

14.5

14.Ll

14.L2

14.HI

14.H2

13.513.LI

13.L2

13.Hl13.H2

Unidentified Typhu/aTyphula spp. Url1T11l11a

Typhula Typhu/aishika,iensis phnco"hiza

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Inshalla Counuy Club. Tomahawk. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area of fairwayssampled == 8%.

228

Table A.I7. Fungal pathogens- identified from sampling of golf rourse 3 of the northern zone.

Typhula Typhu/abihikariensis phaco"hiza

Unidentified Typhu/aTyphula spp. i11Cl1T1llI1ll

Z3. GC3bEagle Bluff

4.54.LI

4.L2

4.Hl

4.H2

10.5lO.Ll

lO.L2

1O.HllO.H215.S

15.Ll

15.L2

15.HI

15.H1

I.S

l.LI

1.L2

l.Hl

l.H2

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Eagle Bluff Golf Club, Hurley, WI. Estimared Typhula blighLdamaged area of fairwayssampled = 13%.

229

Table A.18. Fuogal palhogensa identified from sampling of golf course 4 of the northern zone.

Z3.GC4b

Park Falls

5.S5.LI5.U5.Hl5.H27.S7.Ll7.L27.HI7.H2

3.53.Ll

3.L23.Hl3.H2

1.5

1.LI

1.L21.Hl

l.H2

Unidentified TyphulaTyphula spp. iocamOJiJ

TyplUlW TyphuwishikJITiensis phaco"hi11l

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Park Falls Country Club, Park Falls, WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area offairways sampled = 18%.

230

Table A.19. Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 5 of the northern zone.

Z3.GCSb Unidentified Typhula Typhula TyphulaRhinelander Typhula spp. Uramoza ishikariensir phacorrhit.a

7.S

7.LI

7.L2

7.HI7.H2

5.S5.LI5.L25.HI5.H2

3.S

3.LI3.L23.HI3.H2

I.S

ILl

1.L2I.HII.H2

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Rhinelander Country Club. Rhinelander. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area offairways sampled = 4%.

231

Table A.20. Fungal palhogensa identified from sampling of golf course 6 of the northern zone.

Z3.GC6b UnidentifiedMinocqua Typhula spp.

3.S3.LI

3.L23.Hl

3.H29.S

9.Ll9.L29.Hl9.H25.S5.LI5.L25.Hl5.H26.S6.Ll6.L2

6.HI6.H2

Typhula Typhula Typllulaincamata ishikariensis phaco"hiza

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample.b Minocqua Country Club, Minocqua. WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area of fairwayssampled = 11%.

232

Table A.2L Fungal pathogensa identified from sampling of golf course 7 of the northern zone.

Z3.GC7b Unidentified TyphulnTroutI...ake Typhuln spp. incamolll

5.S5.Ll5.L25.Hl5.H215.S

15.LI

lS.UI5.HIL5.H2

9.S9.Ll9.L2

9.Hl9H2

L.S

l.Ll

L.L2

L.Hl

LH2

Typhuln Typhulaishikariensis pharorrhiza

a Shaded area indicates pathogen found in sample..b Trout I...ak:eGolf & Counuy Club, Woodruff, WI. Estimated Typhula blight damaged area offairways sampled =45%.

233

Appendix B

Letters of G. Worf and J. D. Smith pertaining to the identification of Typhuia species found in Wisconsin

~COO~£"AnYK EZT£N~OH r~OCRAMS..L\L.EX Un,v.rl.ly .f wlsca".~1t Eat." ••• "Uft"'.'Slly .r WI.con, .." -M ••••• "

OEPl\ATMENT OF PlAAIT PATHOLOGY~prU la, L'Jeo

~r • .;. Llrev SlIliehRe:searl:h St~tionAg~1c:ulture ~=cbSuuc.loa. Sule.Cal"~cfa S7NOXl

Dear Drew:

You probably recall at che turf di,use lII.eee1ngiA CaLUIlbllS. OMo, lasc spdng.ehae we had a clmvers;te1on .;zbout idenciEicat:ion of ehe seve~l species ofT)'lll1ula th~t apparently occur 1n :lisco"sin. and II&YAeed to have chem properly1dencif1ed. AC the cUe. you very klndl)' oEfered to e.umi:1e some of our1n.'1cerioll. [hope you will sclll n.."\Ycthe t1::1eo1ndincl1~e10n co do '0:! have enclosed ehree p.Jckees wnich c:onto1L:\scleroeLa of differene c:;i'es foundln Wisconsin. [delo1yed fOf'lllrdl:'l1l chea uncU nav beause r loI3nted co provideyou \lith currenc N1cc:ri.1l. Unfor:un01cely. for chis purpole. Wt have had 01wtdeopen vlncer vich no sno\l. ch:!c I C:1nnoc fine aay fre:sh s;1mpLes: for our pare.r ,J~ee that che golf 'upc:rincend.:ncl>. hO"c"er. are very plused. Accordingly,che ~clteC3 c:onC:lLn IIIi1te~s from our herbo1rium :llid are ,everOll years oLd.

?olcue auaber (1) conCollns Illaccr1.l1 lIith vc~' saall. blo1a schrotia c~c arereo1cfUy separ.1e"c1 fro. hose t15,u.:. This 5::aln predoll1.naee.s throughout tilenorthern h:lli ui che sColte• .:lnd 15 infreiluc::t:ly found 1n ehe southcrn h.alf.

?ac:ket number (2) c:on~Lns urGcr. rL-cIto ~rCVt1c:olored sc:leroti~ chae .&reaf~en CDbedded Ln host tls!luc. Ie [s .arc cOlllDln1D southera W1sC:Ol15in.

Packet number (J) c:onto1ins sclerotia th.:1t o1re Large, bravn, and coarse cextured.These llare ealten fraa .& Br.:lss =u.1J:." (species llDC identified) cavennB a c:amlerc:1.a.lstrawbeny Held. [e often 15 found [n other s~pt'Ophytic sicuac.1oos - I have Dotseen it assoc1~ced wtth curf.

I ml&hc IDencion tholC lie 01150/I."lvc: ;1 farm t/l.1e closely resembles chat of packeenumber (2). boeh ln coLor. shape 0100rc:101eioaship to the firse. KovEVer. eheyare 101rscr. ! have ehaught (t to be T'ftIhula 1namac.:1. Unforeunately,! c:auldllOt find a sample of tllae in rtrf collec:~:i.on.

~"""_E,_. ~_a.-- ......-. "'_c-..'-_- __ E_ao..-- ...__ ~

ReseaCl:h S~eioa. deStatiCtl i.ec:barehu

Or. C~yla L. Vorl::.xt:ensioa Plce i'adIDlog1uDapatt'llcQc of PLlat i'aeholol7Russell [..Jborae:or1es. 1630 t..1=dm Dr.Oa.1varsiey of ll15eou1aHADISON. llucous1a.tr. S .;.. 53706

107 Sc:1el1ce eres.SulacOO1l. S&succh&'.r.l11Sni 0I2

25 ~prU 1980

23S

Dear ~. Ilorl:

'the Typb"ula sp~. sc:leroc:1a e:closd 1n your lete:er of 10 !pril 1980 are:

(1) 'tTPhul& ~!illclr1.nsis lIII.rl var. e&lWiens~ Sad.th' Arsvoll(1) 't. 1.neuuata L&seh ex h.(3) ~. pb.leorrlli.u Ildebard. u: Fries.

T. 1shibri.ens1s VIr. c:anadms1.s sebroe:u are mall (u.p to 1 IlIIl dia).produced. abl.ll14atly au "ary Itrperf1eial.. ahlll1llmc :yc:elJ.ua. and arllreadUy cleacbd. I do Qoe:have t1&e to eh&ck the ~dn3 eharac:terUt1~.Q'e 1nclud& vara. c.a.~deasis. ish.1Ur1msis. and ldahoensis cader 1.isl1ilcartc.u Iaa:1. Dr. C. Ii. Bruehl liou coe: _&Tee bue: has aot resolvedtile probll!ll of vhere to put var. canadensis which 15 v1despce&d frO'lll!r1cUb. Colu.bu to K1=uot&.

!" 1nc:aro.aca scleroe:1.a V&:-r 111colour frtllll pale brave. to purple brovu.ney are usaaUy Yery f1%ll.ly ae:c:achd to ~ grass c:1ssuas. took for14e:erloc:Jang r1nd pae:cU'lU.

1. puc:onh1u bas dark red brgwn sclarod.a 1lUh pyr1£ona .clerotiA.n:es. usually bave. short: stUb atc:ac.lUn, them to ehe suhstn.ta.

I en.c.los. au =~ub:u.shed cUaposl:1e sbaae f~ saav molds vI11eh _y behelpfu.1 CId a TypbuU reprlAc:. the d.1.agnoat1c: sheet i.s bc1.a.s u:pandedfor pubUcat1aa scaa.

1. DrewSIdal'Lme Patholopst

10S/SgEac:lo~es

AppendixC

Sequence comparisons of the complete internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclearribosomal DNA of Typ/zula species

236

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TypJudaincamata sequences

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 3S 36 37

27 100 99 tOO 98 98 96 94 98 99 100

28 x 99 tOO 98 98 96 95 98 99 100

29 x x 99 en 'J7 97 95 94 97 99TypFUlla 30 x x x 99 98 98 97 99 99 99iOCl1TnlJ1a

31 97 96 93 97 98 98x x x xsequences

32 9S 94 98 98x X :t X x 92

33 x x :t X X x 98 98 97 96

34 x x :t X X X x 96 95 93

35 x :t :t x- X X X x 98 98

36 x :t x :t X X X X x 99

Table C.3. Complete internal transcribed spacer region (CITS) sequence comparisons of theTyphula ishikoriensis complex versus T. incamalil .

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