GREETINGS

good morning

good afternoon

good evening / night

good bye

thank you

please

excuse me

yes

no

very well

I

and

but

if

slowly

(I) understand

see you soon

my name is

to speak

to go

Do you speak?

I'm sorry

See you soon/tomorrow

Great to see you

TEMPOS VERBAIS

Não se preocupe em conhecer o inventário completo de tempos verbais, tempos

que raramente ocorrem em linguagem comum e os quais você provavelmente

saberá interpretar quando com eles se defrontar. Você assimila diferentes tempos

verbais em contato com a língua e não através de esforço intelectual sobre uma

apresentação esquemática. No entanto, abaixo estão os tempos verbais mais

utilizados na língua inglesa.

SIMPLE PRESENT - Are you a student? Do you speak English?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS - Are you working now?

SIMPLE PAST - Were you busy yesterday? Did you work?

PAST CONTINUOUS - Was it raining yesterday when you arrived?

GOING TO FUTURE - Are you going to work tomorrow?

FUTURE - Will you be able to help me?

FUTURE CONTINUOUS - I will be still working tomorrow, by the time you

arrive.

CONDITIONAL - Would you like to have some coffee?

HABITUAL PAST - We used to go to the beach when I was a kid.

SIMPLE PERFECT - Have you ever been to Germany?

PAST PERFECT - You would have passed the exams if you had studied more.

SIMPLE FERFECT CONTINUOUS - I have been playing a lot of tennis recently.

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS - I had been working really hard by the time I was

promoted.

VERB TO BE ( simple present)

I AM I'M

YOU ARE YOU'RE

HE IS HE'S

SHE IS SHE'S

IT IS IT'S

WE ARE WE'RE

YOU ARE YOU'RE

THEY ARE THEY'RE

Exercises: Monte um diálogo utilizando as expressões acima e outras de sua

escolha, como abaixo.

STUDY THIS CONVERSATION

Maria: Hello, good afternoon! My name is Maria.

What is your name?

Luiz: Hello Maria! My name is Luiz. How are you?

Maria: Very well, thank you. Do you speak English?

Luiz: Not very well, I'm sorry. But I understand if you speak slowly.

Luiz: Where are you from?

Maria: I am a Brazilian.

And you?

Luiz: I am Portuguese.

Maria: Excuse me, but I have to go. Nice to meet you, Luiz.

Luiz: It is my pleasure.

Maria: Goodbye Luiz, see you soon.

Luiz: Goodbye Maria

ADDRESSING PEOPLE

Sir & Madam: You use when you don't know the name of the

person you are addressing..

Mr.: Is used before a man's name.

Mrs. & Miss.: Are used before a marriage and a single woman,

respectively.

Ms.: Is used in replacement for Miss AND Mrs. It has been created more

recently, as a result of the feminism in the 60's.

DEMONSTRATIVES

THIS ( THESE ) - é usado para pessoa, animal ou objeto que está perto.

THAT ( THOSE ) - é usado para pessoa, animal ou objeto que está longe.

TEXT

INTRODUCING A FRIEND

Margareth: Fred, this is Mr. Sampson.

He is my father.

That is Mrs. Sampson.

She is my mother.

Father, this is Fred, my boyfriend.

Mr. Sampson: Hello Fred! Welcome to my house.

Fred: Thank you very much. I am so glad to meet you.

Exercises: Siga o modelo e monte um pequeno texto utilizando os demonstrativos.

ARTICLES ( ARTIGO DEFINIDO E INDEFINIDO)

Em inglês só há uma forma para o artigo definido: the, que corresponde a o,

a, os, as.

Ex.:

The concept of green tourism is linked to the sustainable development.

The tourism agency is closed.

The Brazilian beaches are the most beautiful in the world.

The children are difficult to guide in a track.

a (an) corresponde ao nosso artigo indefinido um, uma.

Ex.:

The ecotourism is a good alternative to protect the nature.

We have an urgency to protect the nature.

Exercises: Forme algumas frases utilizando os artigos definidos e

indefinidos.

PRONOMES PESSOAIS (I/ME), REFLEXIVOS (MYSELF) E POSSESSIVOS

(MY/MINE)

As frases abaixo contêm inventário completo de pronomes do inglês, em todas

as ocorrências gramaticais possíveis.

A friend of mine told me that I should protect myself and not keep this

money with me in my pocket, even though the money isn't mine.

A friend of yours told you that you should protect yourself and not keep

this money with you in your pocket, even though the money isn't yours.

A friend of yours told you that you should protect yourselves and not keep

this money with you in your pocket, even though the money isn't yours.

A friend of his told him that he should protect himself and not keep this

money with him in his pocket, even though the money isn't his.

A friend of hers told her that she should protect herself and not keep this

money with her in her pocket, even though the money isn't hers.

A friend of ours told us that we should protect ourselves and not keep this

money with us in our pocket, even though the money isn't ours.

A friend of theirs told them that they should protect themselves and not

keep this money with them in their pocket, even though the money isn't

theirs.

Ou se você preferir uma frase mais simples, mas ainda abrangendo as 3

principais formas pronominais (pronome-sujeito, pronome-objeto, e possessivo):

I have my books with me.

You have your books with you.

He has his books with him.

She has her books with her.

We have our books with us.

They have their books with them.

Exercises: Siga o modelo acima e forme frases com as 3 principais formas

pronominais.

PRONUNCIATION

Ter boa entonação e pronuncia é fundamental para se fazer entender na língua

inglesa. Procure treinar bastante pronuncias diferentes. Uma boa dica é assistir a

filmes e ouvir música de preferência acompanhando a letra.

Abaixo um exercício de pronuncia da língua inglesa que você pode utilizar.

better, butter, city, water, writer, matter, automatic, category, demonstrated.

quarter, order e porter.

Internet, Pentagon, Pontiac, twenty, plenty.

VERB TO HAVE

SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST

I HAVE I HAD

YOU HAVE YOU HAD

HE HAS HE HAD

SHE HAS SHE HAD

IT HAS IT HAD

WE HAVE WE HAD

YOU HAVE YOU HAD

THEY HAVE THEY HAD

Exercises: Forme frases utilizando o verbo to have nos dois tempos verbais.

NUMBERS

1- ONE 11- 21- 31- 50-

1000-

2- TWO 12- 22- 32- 60-

1035-

3- THREE 13- 23- 33- 70-

1090-

4- FOUR 14- 24- 34- 80-

2000-

5- FIVE 15- 25- 35- 90-

2006-

6- SIX 16- 26- 36- 100-

3000-

7- SEVEN 17- 27- 37- 200-

3355-

8- EIGHT 18- 28- 38- 500-

4000-

9- NINE 19- 29- 39- 550-

5000-

10- TEN 20- 30- 40- 999-

10.000-

Exercises: Forme frases em que apareça o ano de datas importantes para você

ou para a história.

WHAT TIME IS IT?

Para dizer a hora exata em inglês utilizamos a expressão O'CLOCK.

EX. IT'S TEN O'CLOCK NOW

No entanto, existem maneiras diferentes de dizer as horas e os minutos:

IT'S FIFTEEN PAST SEVEN.

IT'S A QUARTER PAST SEVEN.

IT'S SEVEN FIFTEEN.

Ou ainda:

IT'S A HALF PAST TEN.

IT'S A QUARTER TO ELEVEN.

IT'S FIFTEEN TO ELEVEN.

TEXT

The bus arrived just in time at the hotel, about ten past three.

When we went to the lake was about four o'clock, we arrived there when the sun

was shining. There was a boat waiting us and we were very exciting to see the lots

of species of fish. We dove at nine fifteen and came to the surface about ten.

Exercises: Redija um pequeno texto descrevendo todo o seu dia (que hora você

acorda, almoça...)

VERB CAN

Trata-se de um verbo modal utilizado para falar de habilidades que temos

(físicas ou intelectuais). Bastante utilizado na língua inglesa é um verbo chave

para muitas expressões idiomáticas.

Em inglês, verbos auxiliares modais são verbos que só ocorrem na presença de

outro verbo, são defectivos na conjugação e não têm passado nem futuro (com

exceção do can que tem passado e condicional).

Devido à alta freqüência com que ocorrem na língua, os verbos modais tornam-se

imprescindíveis.

TEXT

Yes, I’m a crazy guy.

If they have three cars, I can fly.

If they are beautiful, I can be more.

If they pray too much, I can be in heaven.

If they know the truth, I can say It’s a lie.

And if they can say that I’m crazy…

I can say, much more crazy is who says me

That I can’t be happy.

Exercises: Forme frases com o verbo can em diferentes formas verbais.

VOCABULARY

Em inglês a palavra hotel refere-se como em português a um lugar em que

as pessoas se hospedam em férias com a família, final de semana etc. Hostel

refere-se a hospedagem para estudantes, são como as pensões para estudantes

no Brasil. Motel em inglês refere-se a lugares em que as pessoas de passagem

se hospedam para passar a noite, são dormitórios de estrada.

-Manager -Gerente

-Doorman -Porteiro

-Chambermaid(room maid) -Camareira

-Receptionist -desk clerk -Recepcionista

-Telephone operator -Telefonista

-Elevator -Ascensorista

-Bell boy -Mensageiro

-Bell captain -Chefe dos mensageiros

Taxi

-Where can I get a taxi?

There is a taxi stand at the door.

-Taxi,taxi.

Where to?

-Take me to the ___ hotel, please.

Here we are,sir(lady).

-How much is it?

It's two.

-Thanks

QUESTIONS YOU MAY HEAR

-Where do you want to go?

-How many are you?

-Do you have any baggage?

-Where to?

In a hotel

-May I leave this in your safe?

-What time are meals served?

-Will you have our bags brought up?

-May I have my key?

-Do I keep the key or turn it in when I go out?

REQUESTS (PEDIDOS)

-Call me at______in the morning.

-May I have my key?

an ashtray?

an extra towel?

an extra pillow?

some soap?

some stationery?

some hangers?

some ice?

-Send the boy| up, please.

mail up,please.

breakfast up,please.

visitor up,please.

-I'd like room service.

-I want something to eat.

-I want something to drink.

COMPLAINS (RECLAMAÇÕES)

-There is no towel in my room.

soap in my room.

toilet paper in my room.

air-conditioner in my room.

light in my room.

-The T.V.doesn't work.

ASKING FOR INFORMATION

-Where is the lounge?

cocktail bar(bar)?

restaurant?

barber shop?

beauty shop?

taxi stand?

dry cleaners?

men's room?

ladie's room?

newstand?

nearest drugstore?

nearest post office?

-Can you recommend a good inexpensive

a good Italian restaurant?

Chinese restaurant?

Mexican restaurant?

telephone calls for me?

letters for me?

change this bill for me?

mail this letter for me?

call a taxi for me?

Exercises: Monte um diálogo descrevendo situações especificas. Ex. A chegada

de um hospede em um hotel, atendimento a um turista que pede informarão, um

cliente fazendo pedido em um restaurante, etc.

DAYS OF THE WEEK

Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday

“I don't care if Monday's blue

Tuesday's grey and Wednesday too

Thursday I don't care about you

Its Friday I'm in love…

Saturday wait

And Sunday always comes too late

But Friday never hesitate...”

By: The Cure

MONTHS OF THE YEAR

January April July October

February May August November

March June September December

September 11, 2001 - the day the world changed

Was in a Tuesday, when the first plane crashed in one of the towers.

We thought it was just an accident, minutes after, the second plane crossing the

sky crashing in the second tower of the world trade center.

Exercises: Escreva um texto ou forme frases em que apareçam os meses do ano.

SEASONS

Spring, Summer, Autumn/Fall, Winter.

When the winter is coming here the leaves begin to fall from the trees. This is the

autumn, my favorite season. Suddenly the cold starts to leaving and the spring

come with all the colors but the rain here, in cerrado, is only on summer.

Exercises: Forme frases ou escreva um texto utilizando as estações do ano.

VERBOS REGULARES O USO DO (S) NA 3º PESSOA

Geralmente os verbos no presente do indicativo recebem um (s) na 3º pessoa do

singular (he loves, she works). Mas note-se o seguinte: Os verbos que terminam

em s, sh, ch, o, x recebem es. Os que terminam em y precedido de vogal,

recebem apenas s. Os que terminam em y precedido de consoante mudam o y por

ies.

Lazy, lazy Jane

She wants a drink of water, so she waits and waits and waits for it to rain.

Jane sleeps well when the rain falls.

Jane dances like crazy when the music is over.

Exercises: Escreva um texto ou forme frases utilizando o singular na terceira

pessoa.

IRREGULAR VERBS (VERBOS IRREGULARES)

Embora os verbos irregulares se constituam numa pequena minoria em relação a

todos os verbos existentes na língua, a freqüência com que ocorrem é muito alta,

o que lhes dá uma importância significativa.

São todos de origem anglo-saxônica e predominantemente se referem a ações

comuns.

Os verbos irregulares do inglês são aqueles que não seguem uma regra geral de

formação do passado e do particípio passado. A formação do past e do past

participle, de acordo co a regra geral, que se aplica a todos os demais verbos, se

dá através do sufixo ed. Portanto, todo verbo que não seguir esse padrão, será

classificado de irregular.

Ex. They took off the trees from here.

Took é a forma do verbo take no passado.

Na frase: the miners have taken off the trees from the rainforest.

O verbo take aparece na forma do past participle.

Exercises: utilize os verbos irregulares para formar frases no passado.

LISTA DE VERBOS IRREGULARES

TO BE WAS/WERE BEEN

TO BEAT BEAT BEAT

TO BECOME BECAME BECOME

TO BEGIN BEGAN BEGUN

TO BREAK BROKE BROKEN

TO BRING BROUGHT BROUGHT

TO BUILD BUILT BUILT

TO BUY BOUGHT BOUGHT

TO CATCH CAUGHT CAUGHT

TO CHOOSE CHOSE CHOSEN

TO COME CAME COME

TO COST COST COST

TO CUT CUT CUT

TO DIVE DOVE DIVED

TO DO DID DONE

TO DRAW DREW DRAWN

TO DRINK DRANK DRUNK

TO EAT ATE EATEN

TO FALL FELL FALLEN

TO FEEL FELT FELT

TO FIGHT FOUGHT FOUGHT

TO FIND FOUND FOUND

TO FLY FLEW FLOWN

TO FORGET FORGOT FORGOTTEN

TO FREEZE FROZE FROZEN

TO GET GOT GOTTEN

TO GIVE GAVE GIVEN

TO GO WENT GONE

TO GROW GREW GROWN

TO HAVE HAD HAD

TO HEAR HEARD HEARD

TO HIDE HID HIDDEN

TO HIT HIT HIT

TO HOLD HELD HELD

TO HURT HURT HURT

TO KEEP KEPT KEPT

TO KNOW KNEW KNOWN

TO LEAVE LEFT LEFT

TO LEND LENT LENT

TO LET LET LET

TO LIE LAY LAID

TO LOSE LOST LOST

TO MAKE MADE MADE

TO MEAN MEANT MEANT

TO MEET MET MET

TO PAY PAID PAID

TO PUT PUT PUT

TO READ READ READ

TO RIDE RODE RIDDEN

TO RING RANG RUNG

TO RISE ROSE RISEN

TO RUN RAN RUN

TO SAY SAID SAID

TO SEE SAW SEEN

TO SEEK SOUGHT SOUGHT

TO SELL SOLD SOLD

TO SEND SENT SENT

TO SHAKE SHOOK SHAKEN

TO SHOW SHOWED SHOWN

TO SHUT SHUT SHUT

TO SING SANG SUNG

TO SIT SAT SAT

TO SLEEP SLEPT SLEPT

TO SPEAK SPOKE SPOKEN

TO SPELL SPELT SPELT

TO SPEND SPENT SPENT

TO STAND STOOD STOOD

TO STEAL STOLE STOLEN

TO SWIM SWAM SWUM

TO TAKE TOOK TAKEN

TO TEACH TAUGHT TAUGHT

TO TELL TOLD TOLD

TO THINK THOUGHT THOUGHT

TO THROW THREW THROWN

TO WEAR WORE WORN

TO WIN WON WON

TO WRITE WROTE WRITTEN

GLOSSARY

Aacompained baggage – bagagem que é transportada na mesma aeronave que o passageiro.

AMTRAK – nome pelo qual é conhecido a maior empresa norte-americana de trens, National Railroad Passenger Corporation.

Arunk – abreviatura de arrival unknown (chegada desconhecida)

Baby boomer – pessoa nascida entre o período de 1946 e 1964. Para a industria do turismo público de grande poder econômico.

To backpack – “mochilar”, viajar de mochila, hospedando-se em albergues e em acomodações baratas.

Bed & breakfast – acomodação com café da manhã. Pousadas

Big apple – nome pelo qual é conhecida a cidade de Nova Iorque.

To bump – impedir um hospede de se hospedar em um hotel ou de um passageiro de embarcar em um vôo por motivo de overbooking na maioria das vezes.

Carrier – empresa aérea.

Carrying capacity – capacidade de carga: quantidade de pessoas que um atrativo pode receber.

Catering – termo usado para se referir genericamente a alimentos e bebidas.

Charter – aluguel de aeronave, ônibus ou embarcação marítima.

Cruise – cruzeiro marítimo.

Currency – moeda corrente

Customs – alfândega.

Deadhead – ausência de passageiros em um vôo ou trem.

DINKS – Doble Income No Kids, casais que não tem filhos.

Discretionary income – renda que sobra do orçamento de um individuo.

Discretionary time – tempo livre.

Ecotourism – ecoturismo.

Environment – meio ambiente.

Facilities – instalações.

Go-show – passageiro sem reserva que aparece para embarcar.

Guest – hóspede, visitante.

Hospitality industry – segmento da industria de turismo que engloba os setores de acomodações e de alimentos e bebidas.

Host – anfitrião.

Hostel – albergue.

Jet leg – serie de disturbios fisiológicos que um passageiro pede apresentar em vôo.

Leisure – lazer.

Motel – hospedagem de beira de estrada.

No-show – passageiro ou hospede com reserva que não aparece.

NGO – abreviatura de Non-Governmental-Organization.

NTO – National Tourism Organization.

Overbooking – venda de passagens além da capacidade de assentos.

Package – pacote turístico.

Party – grupo de turistas que juntos visitam um atrativo.

Pink dollar – dinheiro do público homossexual.

Round trip – viagem de ida e volta.

Stand-by – mesmo que Go-show.Tour operator – agencia de viagem e turismo.

WTO – World Tourism Organization

WTTC – World Travel & Tourism Council.

IGLTA – Internatinal Gay & Lesbian Travel Association.