APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Technologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation A Summary Report...
-
Upload
nelson-barker -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Technologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation A Summary Report...
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
A Summary Report
Of
The APEC EWG-ISTWG Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Technologies
The 25th New and Renewable Energy Technologies Expert Group Meeting
October 31, 2005, Chinese Taipei
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
BackgroundEnergy security issues have been the central
concern of APEC Leaders’ and Energy Ministers’ since the year 2000
Hence, EWG has formulated a comprehensive Energy Security Initiative (ESI) comprising both short-term and long-term responses, of which APEC Energy Ministers have endorsed the following three long-term measuresCapitalizing on technological innovationExpanding our energy choicesUsing energy more efficiently
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
BackgroundAs energy technologies do underpin social and economi
c development, the ISTWG also saw the great technical challenges ahead and started a two-year project on future fuels technology, entitled Foresighting Future Fuel Technology, with APEC-funding in 2005
The IST Ministers have directed the ISTWG to work with the EWG on the project and the Energy Ministers at EMM6 noted the direction from the IST Ministers and have asked the EWG to support the efforts
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
Progress of EWG-ISTWG CollaborationThe ISTWG project consists of three technology
roadmapping workshops in 2005 and Chinese Taipei made a self-funded project, endorsed at EWG 28, to host the second technology roadmapping workshop
EWG had participated, by the Secretariat and Chinese Taipei, in the ISTWG Scenario Planning Workshop held in Thailand, December 13~15, 2004
Chinese Taipei and APERC also participated in the first technology roadmapping workshop held in Vancouver, Canada April 27~29, 2005
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
ObjectiveThe overall objective of the project is to assess the
medium and long-term scenarios of future fuel technology development and to develop technology roadmaps for the scenarios
Potential benefits for APEC include:Strengthened long-term energy securitySustainable developmentReduced risks through partnership and collaborationImportant inputs to long-term energy policy
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
The second technology roadmapping workshop was held jointly by the EWG and ISTWG in Ping-tung, Chinese Taipei, August 10~12, 2005
The Workshop drew experts from 9 APEC Economies plus invited speakers from EBN, APERC and EGNRET, with a total of 49 participants
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
Participants were divided into three sub-groups on Bio-fuels, Unconventional Hydrocarbons and Hydrogen/Fuel Cells to refine the three respective roadmaps developed in the first workshop in Canada
Efforts were particularly made in the Chinese Taipei workshop to focus on synergies between the three fuel types and potential areas for APEC collaboration
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
Bio-fuels
Feedstocks Conversion Fuel Usage
Crops/Forestry• Straw, • Wood, Chips
Crops • Cellulosic- based
MSW
Manure
Waste water
Crops: Oilseeds
Animal Fats
Physical:• Chipping
• Compacting• Drying
Chemical:• Carbonization• Liquefaction• Gasification
Solid:• Chips• Pellets
• Briquette
Gas• Biogas• Syn gas
Biological:• Fermentation• Digestion
Liquid• Ethanol•Biodiesel
Chemical:
Transportation
Industry/Agriculture
• heat• electricity
Crops • Starch/sugar- based
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
Fossil Fuel-based Economy
2000
2010
2020Linkages
Linkages
Bio-fuel Roadmap with Timeline and Linkages to Other Fuel Types
2030
H2 - rich Biogas
Fuel cells, H2 storage
H2 from SynGas
H2H2
HydrocarbonsHydrocarbons
Bio-fuelEconomy
Bio-fuel
Development
Bio-fuel
Development
Bio Oil - Pyrolysis
Ethanol from starch/sugar
CH4 – rich Biogas
Bio-diesel
Ethanol from cellulose
SynGas
Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ( BIGCC)
Polygeneration of energy, chemicals and H2
From proof of concept to implementation
Technology readily
available
Need specification and market for co-products
Limited experiences and further R&D needed
Direct combustion
Diesohol
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
Charcoal (100% C)
Coal
Crude Oil
Synthetics
Gas
Hydrogen (0% C)
5000 BC 2030 AD ?
• Gaseous fuels infrastructure facilitates the Transition to Hydrogen
•Exchange of H2 and C for energy balance•Bio-fuels inclusion in the evolutionary chain
In the Year 2030•Hydrocarbon Fuels will still have major market shares
•Have the capacity to meet demand
•Move to Unconventional Hydrocarbon FuelsGas-Liquid-Solid Fuel Vision:
Gas Market Share will Increase vs Crude Oil & Coal
Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels Will Remain
Conversion of Coal to Gas and Liquid Fuels (Clean-coal Usage)
Unconventional HC
Hydro
Carbons
Primary Supply
Fuel Production
Fuel Transport
Fuel
Distribution
Fuel Storage Fuel End Use
Public Perception
CNG
LNG
LCNG
BCosts
BPayload
bEngines
BLNG
Liquefact.
SynGas
GTL
ONew
Resource
OCatalysts
Scale
Coal
Bed
Methane
BGeology
BEnviron
Heavy
Crude
Bitumen
BEnviron.
ODemos
Methane Hydrates
In Situ
BGeology
B/OEnviron;
Reservoir Eng./
Resource
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
Hydrogen/Fuel Cells2010 2020 2030
NG/Liquids Ref. PEMFC/ICEStationary/Transportation/Portable
Electricity Electrolysis H2 PEMFC/ICETransportation
Coal Gasification CO2 Seq.SOFC/MCFCStationary
Coal/Biomass with CO2 Seq. Large-Scale Applications> 10 MW
Biomass Gasification(on-site) SOFC/MCFCStationary/Portable
Biomass Gasifi.(on-site) (pipeline) Conv. to H2
Fueling StationsTransportationGeoth./Wind/Solar Electrolysis H2 Remote Power/Power Firming
Solar Photo-Electroch. C1/C0 Fuels All Applications
Thermal-Chemical Dissociation H2 All Applications
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
Much research still required for cost competitivenessReformation maximizing H2 yield and minimizing footprint for a
given feedstock
Reformation suitable for multiple feedstock in small stationary applications
High temp. membrane for PEMFC and lowering operation temp. for SOFC
Major scientific breakthrough for on-board storage of hydrogen
Experimental techniques to probe the inside of fuel cells
Sustained investment from government needed Hydrogen only as clean as its source and life-cycle
environmental impact analyses required for mass deployment
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
Integration of Future Fuel Supply
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
ObservationAll economies will have an integrated mixed fuel strategyThe mixture will vary regionally and will depend on:
– Cost competitiveness of alternatives (primarily)– Government policy (secondarily)
Governments will be energized by public attitudes and special interests in the following areas– Impact of energy price on economy– Perceived or real threats to public health and safety– Security of supply
Distribution infrastructure is costly and will be developed only for major fuels, i.e. secondary fuels will be most cost competitive by adapting to use this infrastructure to the maximum or are employed in a distributed manner
APEC Workshop on Roadmapping Future Fuels Te
chnologies—An EWG-ISTWG Cooperation
Future Project ActionsInterim roadmaps will be finalized and synergie
s between them will be emphasized
An integrated, multi-pathway approach will be recommended for adoption to maximize R&D effectiveness
The draft technology roadmaps and report will be examined lastly in the final workshop in Chiangmai, Thailand, November 3~4, 2005