r

f

r

L [

L

L L L L l

-Kai tnJ.r'}a9r'1oav 6naVTE~ nVEu~aTOt; . Aylou. Kai "p~aVTO AaAEiv ETEpa ... vAwaooll;_, (npa~EI.<Jv 2:4)

EnlIHMOI EI<..6OIII IEPA! APXIEnIIKOnHI AYHPANAI rUVTOOOHlI1 uno' Ermponijs. n[Joval!;! TOU rEpOO~IWT610U . APXIE",OKonou

242 Cleveland St.. Red lern, 2016. Tel. 698-5066

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE GREEK ORTHODOX ARCHDIOCESE OF AUSTRALIA

. ETr,olo r uv6poJ,Jr') - Annual Subscription $20.00

VOLUME 11 No 9 Registered by Auslral~ Post Pu~1caIIon No NAR 3565 Toiixcx; 129

01 ~YO MOP<I>E!: TH!: AnI!:TIA!: B'

O ' 6eUTepO~ TUnO~ TOU CmtOTOU Ilnopei va npoEPXETOl EirE ano Ovepwno nOD niarEUE KOnOIO nepto6o Tfi~ ~wfi~ TOU - KUPtW~ Ti]V nm6lKi] 11

veovlKi] KOI UOTepo VIa TOV QA<j>a 11 TOV ~fiTa A6yo Exaoe Ti]V mOTT] TOU «KOe' 686v)), 'he Cmo /lv8pwno nou nOTE 6Ev ntOTeope Cmo lmepT]<!>Ovela 11 CmeplOKeopta Kat nOTE 6Ev 8EAT]Oe vel IlETalleAT]8ei. Kat OTi] IlU] neptmwOT] Kat OTi]v OAAT] OUvTJ8w~ ExOUIJe vel KOvoUlle 0)(1 ma IlE 1110 vT]qx'IAla Kat OellvTJ - av Ilnopoulle vel noulle hm - 68eia, onw~ Ti]V neplYpOlj>alle 116T], 6AA0 IlE 1110 apVT]OT] K08e Unep~IKfi~ au8evria~ nou EK<ppO~ETm 6uvalliKO o6v 68eia llaxrlTIKi]. '0 amOT~ oUTOU TOU TUnOU Exel €va 6veIliYTJTO Il~ KOTO Tfi~ ntOTe~. f\E~ Kat 8WI vel nopel EK6tKT]0T] VIO Ti]V 610opeUOT] KCmOIOU npoowmKou TOU OpOIlOT~, 11 AE~ Kat alo86vETal TOV 1oauTo TOU vel Exel e161Ki] CmOOTOATj vel nPD<l>uM~el TOO<; ouvov8pwno~ TOU Cmo opeuTIKe~ EAnt6e~. Elval npo<l>ovE~ OT! aUT~ 0 TUn~ TOU CmiOTou ~Amel TOO<; mOToo<; 0)(1 Ilovcixa IlE Unepoopia, 6AA0 Kai IlE Ex8pOTT]Ta. T i]v 66uvallia TOU vel mOTeUOEl 6Ev Ti]V 8ewpei iYV-elopT] Kai EAOnwlla 61KO TOU, 6AA0 6uvallT] Kai oo<»ia nou OTepoUVTm 01 6<peAei~ nou mOTeuouv. Kai av IlEv 11' aUTi] Ti]V OmOTia TOU mp60[3aMe 0 1l00000TIK~ 08e~ Ilovcixa TOO<; ouvov8pwno~ TOU, TO npiiylJa 80 ~TO BEBma a61KO Kai AUTTT]pO, 6AAa 6Ev 80 /iTaV U~PI~ Kai ~Aao<pT] llia. "OIlW~ IlE Ti]V 1l00000TlKi] 68eia 6 ilv8pwn~ ~enepvCi (ITC1 £OKOl1l1oo>, Kai 8iyel aUTov TOV "1610 TOV BeD. '0 'AnoOToAo~ 'lwawT]~ 1l0AIOTa xapoKTT]pi~el noM EvTova aUTov TOV TUnO TOU CmlOTOU, AEyOVTa~ OTI «0 11~ mOTEvwv rlji BEIji lJiEVOTTW TTETTOfl]KEV ovr6v)) (A ' ' 1w6v. 5, 10). Kai me~yei OTi]V ouvExela nw~ Ilnopei 6/lv8pwn~ IlE Ti]V CmlOTia TOU vel EK8ETEI TOV Beov w~ opeVOTT]v! BamKi] 61000KaAia TOU ' Iwc'rvvou eTval 6 /\oy~ TOU Beou, w~ i] CmEPOVTT] 6y6TTT] TOU Beou VIa TOV K6o].l0. fl' aUTO Kupiw~ OVOIlOOTT]Ke 6 ' lw6vvT]~ «0 110el]r~, rii, Gycirm9>, Kai 0)(1 Ilovcixa VIar1 /iTOV «0 l1ael]TT)<; ov rlYclrra 0 'Jl]oov<;» (' 1w6v. 13, 23). flOTi 6 ' 1w6wT]~ 6Ev eT6e Ilovcixa Ti]V OXEOf] TOU Beou IlE TOV KOOlJO 06v 6y6TTT], 6AAa Kat aUTi] Ti]V oVaia TOU Beou Ti]V eT6e 06v 6y6TTT] Kai 1l0VO, 6y6TTT] CmEpovrT]. 6Ev uIlVT]Oe Kallllio OAAT] TeAeIOTT]Ta TOU Beou, Ili]Te Ti]V oo<l>ta, Ili]Te Ti]V navT06vvallia, Ili]Te Ti]V 6yt6TT]Ta. Mov6xa Ti]V 6y6TTT] Tou: «0 BE&:; Gycirm £OTIV)) (A' 'lw6v. 4,18).

fl ' aUTo 6y6TTT] TOU Beou Kai /\oy~ TOU Beou, VIO TOV '1w6wT] eTval ouvwvulla. '0 /\oy~ TOU Beou EK<ppO~oVTa~

TWO TYPES OF FAITHLESSNESS B

T he second type of faithlessness may result either out of a person who believed for a penod of hiS hfe -mainly as a child or youth - and then for one or

other reason lost faith "on the way'; or of a person who never believed because of pride or thoughtlessness and never wished to repent.

In both cases we usually have no longer to do with a sober or modest - if we may say so - atheism, as we have already described it, but with a negation of all transcendent authority which is dynamically expressed as polemical atheism. The faithless person of this type has an unexplainable wrath against faith. It is as if one wants to take revenge for the contradiction of one's personal vision or as if one feels that one has the special task of protecting one's fellow people from false hopes. It is obvious that this type of unbeliever looks at believers not only with arrogance but also with enmity. He does not consider his inability to believe as his own defect and personal fault, but regards it as strength and wisdom of which simplistic believers are deprived. Now if the polemical atheist were to offend only his fellow people with his faithlessness, then the matter would certainly be unjust and sad; it would not be insolence and blasphemy. With polemical atheism, however, one transcends "the boundaries" and offends God Himself. The Apostle John clearly characterises this type of unbeliever by saying that "he who does not believe God has made him a liar" (I John, 5, 10), thereafter explaining how one exposes God as liar with one's faithlessness! John's basic teaching is the Logos of God, as God's boundless love for the world. It is mainly for this reason that John was named "the disciple of love'; and not only because he was "the disciple whom Jesus loved" (John l3, 23). For John not only saw the relationship of God with the world as love; he also saw God's very essence as love, boundless love. He did not praise any other perfection of God, whether His wisdom or His power or His holiness, but only His love: "God is love" (I John 4, 18). For this reason love of God and the Logos of God are for John synonymous. The Logos of God, expressing the essence of God, is the love of God in general and for the world more particularly: "For God so loved the world, that He gave His Only begotten Son, 50 that whoever believes in Him may not perish, but have eternal life"(John 3, 16). But when John says the measure of God's love of the world is that God '!lave" His Son for the sake of the world, one should not only imply the sacrifice

89

T~V Olima TOU eeOU, eTvOI ti 6yCmrj TOU eeou yevIKwe;, Kat YlO TOV KOOpO el&,KwTepa: «OUTW yap rjy6m)oEV 0 ee<x; T6v K6aJJOV, ware TOV YT6v Dinou TOV !1ovoyEVij EtiWKEV, 'iva TTa<; 0 mareuwv ef<; aVT6v !1ry an6AT)ral, c1?J. ' Exn (wryv o;wV/OW) (,Iwav. 3, 16). "Orav 0IlWe; a '1w6vvr)e; Myel on llETpa Tfie; 6yCmrje; TOU eeOU YlO TOV KOOpO eTvOI TO on (d!OO.JKEV» a eeo<; TOV Ylov Tou YlO XOPll TOU KOOpOU, &ev 80 np€nEt e&Ui va Evvo~ooulle IlOVO T~ 8urna TOU r or-yoSa. ITp€nel vo 8ull1l80ulle €niOT]e; on a '1&10<; 'Anoerror-o<; '1w6vvr)e; 111M ~&Tl errov npOr-oyo TOU EiJayyet-tou TOU Kat YlO 11'0 """'11 axEOT] TOU Ylou Kat Aoyou TOU eeOU 1110 or-a TO OVTa: (<TTc1vra 6, ' aUTou EyEvETO, Kai xwpi<; auTOV EyEvETO OOOE Ev a yEyOVEV» (' lwav. 1, 3). r, oUTOV """'werre oKpI[3We; TOV Myo xapaKTllpi~el a '1w6vvr)e; errtlv 'AnoKMUlj>ll TOU TOV Ylov Kai Aoyo TOU eeOU We; (<T6 apviov T6 EOI/X1'(1.IEvov an6 KGra{30Mj<; K6aJJOU» (' AnoK. 5, 12). '0 Ylo<; r-011TOV Kat Aoyo<; TOU eeOU eTVOI .; j3a8ilTepll pi~a TWV OVTWV, TO 8ellEr-10 Ko8e OVTOTTlTOe;. r,' aUTO 01 ITOTEpee; Tfie; 'EKMTlmae;, Kai 1&,atTepa a "Ay. MOQllO<; a 'OIlOr-OYTlTtle;, ll"'llOOV YlO TOUe; (rAoyotx;» TWV OVTWV, EvvoWVTOe; T~V 8Ellet-IW&1l Kerraj30r-tl noil K08e KTlerro OV E/..a~e ano TOV Eva Kat ;JOVO Aoyo TOU eeOU. "Orav &10 opYOTepa napierrerrOl 6v6yKTl va Evavepwntloel a Aoyo<; TOU eeOU 111000 errov KOOpO, eTVOI noM <l>UOlKO on EPXETOl va llapTUPtl0el YI' oUTtl T~V ~&ll npaunopxouoa Kat napayvwpIOllevll 6yCmrj TOU eeOU YlO TOV KOOpO. "ETOI &t&Et llapTUpta a Ylo<; YlO TO nOlO<; eTVOI a ITartlP, TOao Karo T~V 6111110Upyla TOU KOOpOU, Ooov Kai Karo TtlV 'Evav9pw1T1']OT]. 'AMo Kat a ITartlP llapTupEi' nOlO<; eTvOI a Ylo<;, TOaO errtl 1110 Oao Kat errtlV O""Tl neptmwOT]. AUTtl T~V novTOTe «EV 'Ayilj> nveu!1GT/) llapTUpta TOU Ylou nept TOU ITarpOc;, Kat TOU ITarpOc; nept TOU Ylou, OTav &Ell T~V ano&ExerOl a ilv9pwno<; 1110 rt\v nierrTl TOU, TOTe &ev eTVOI Ont-Ui<; Evae; «o-yvoWW) Kat «<i!1<!>I-{3Cr}.AWW), ~o ylVETOl Kar' eU8Ei'av Kcrn1YOpo<; TOU eeOU, OUVEt&llTO ~ ilnOOUVS&llTO. rlCm .; OPVTlOT] lllae; TETolae; l1apTt)pia~, noil &,arpEXE' or-ee; rie; <»Ooele; Tfie; eetae; oIKovolliae;, &ev llTTOPEi' napa va EK8ETEt TOV eeov We; &fi8ev ljIEU66I1EVov. "ETOI ar-oMTlPWVEl TOV OU""OYlOllO TOU a '1w6vvr)e;, <l>EpvoVTae; 010 a..eoo O\JO)(ETlOllO 6TlllIOUpyla Kat 'Evav9pw1T1']OT] ~, onwc; EnIOT]e; r-EyETOl, T~V npWTIJ 1110 T~V 6EUTEpa 6Tlllloupyia: «0 !1ry mareVwv TIjj eeIjj 1/>e6arT)V TTETTOiT)KEV aVT6v, on ou TTerriarEVKEV ef<; TryV !1opTvpiov fiv !1EJ1apTUpT)KEV 0 ee<x; TTepi TOV YTov aVTOV. Kai aUTT) eonv !1opmpia, on rj (wry Ev TIjj YTIjj aVTOV eonw) (A'. 'Iwav. 5,10 -ll).

'Ano TO rno navw yivETOl <»avepO on o<»ou a eeo<; TOaO 1110 T~V npa1;1'] Tfie; evlaiae; &Tlllloupyiae; (reveOle;) 000 Kai 1110 T~V npa1;1'] Tfie; evlaiae; oWTllPtae; (' Evav9pW1T1']Ole;) OOwKe, o&,OljJEUOTTlllapTupia Tfie; 6yCmrje; Tou YlO TOV KOOpO, TOv'1&O TOV Ylov Tou - We; Aoyo npoalwvlo Kat We; Aoyo erravpailllEVD - Kava~ mor-mUM; V0I111WV Iiv6pwn~ 6ev mKffior-oyriTffi va arnOTri. 6,KatWe; r-011TOV .; r pa<l>~ 8ewpEi' rt\v arnaria (<TTpov6!110» IlOVOV TOU "at/>povoq>: «eTTEV a<!>pwv Ev Tfi Kap6ir;r aVTOV, OUK Eon eeCx;» ('I'at-ll. 14, 1). T ~v yevlK~ oUT~ «EvTJ!1EpWGT)) or-wv TWV 6v9pwnwv We; npOc; T~V 6yCmrj TOU eeoii T~V ErnKat-Eo8!lKe, we; yvwerrov, a 'An6crror-o<; ITaiir-o<;, YlO va ilnev9UlltOEl T~V e08ilVTl noil K6ge ilv9pwno<; Exa Evovn TOU eeOU, ti anota <lKp1[3We; Kai TOV KaS,erra 0' anOla&tinoTe nepimwOT] OvanOr-0YTlTO: «OTOV yap EevT) Ta !1ry v6!10V Exovra <!>uoel Ta TOU V6!1OV TTOln, OUTOI V6!1OV !1ry ExovTe<; rovTOi<; e;m v6!109) (PWll. 2, 14). ' Ev TomOle;, EKeiVOI noil 6ExrllKav T~V OO<IKTIJ TOU eeou 90

of Golgotha. I! should also be reminded that the Apostle John himself speaks already in the prologue of his Gospel also of another relationship of the Son and Logos of God with all beings: "all things were made through Him, and without Him was not anything made that was made" (John 1, 3). I! is precisely for this reason that John in his Revelation characterises the Son and Logos of God as "the slain lamb from the beginning of the world" (Rev. 5, 12). Consequently, the Son and Logos of God is the deeper root of beings, the foundation of all existence. For this reason the Fathers of the Church, especially 5t Maximos the Confessor, spoke of the "logos" of beings, thereby meaning the fundamental root that every created being received from the one and only Logos of God. When later it was necessary for God's Logos to become incarnate within the world, it is only natural that He comes to bear witness precisely for this already preexisting and neglected love of God towards the world. Thus the Son bears witness as to who the Father is, both during the Creation of the world and during the Incarnation. The Father also bears witness as to who the Son is, in both cases. When one does not accept with one's faith this witness, always "in the Holy Spirit'; of the Son for the Father and of the Father for the Son, then one is not merely "ignorant'and "doubting'; but becomes clearly an accuser of God, whether consciously or subconsciously. For the negation of such witness, that goes through all phases of divine economy, cannot but expose God as supposedly a liar. Thus John concludes his thought by directly relating Creation and Incarnation, or as it is also called, the first and the second creation: "He who does not believe God has made him a liar, because he has not believed in the testimony that god has borne to his Son. And this is the testimony, that god gave us eternal life, and this life is in his Son." (I John 5, 10 - 11).

From what has been said above it is obvious that since God, both with the act of the unified creation (Genesis) and with the act of unified salvation (Incarnation), gave the irrefutable testimony of His love for the world in the person of His Son - as preetenal Logos and as Crucified Logos - there is absolutely no excuse for any intelligent person to be faithless. The Scripture, therefore, rightfully considers faithlessness to be a "privilege" only for the "fool": "The fool said in his heart, there is no God" (Psalm 14, 1). I! is this general "information" for all people concerning God's love that 51. Paul appealed to, as is known, in order to remind the responsibility each person has before God which precisely renders him unaccountable in any case: "When Gentiles who have not the law do by nature what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even though they do not have the law" (Rom. 2, 14). Yet, those who received the special Revelation of God, in the form of the Old and of the New Testament, surely have an even greater responsibility in the case offaithlessness than the various idolaters and the Gentiles have. Again, from among the faithful of the two Testaments, the responsibility of the faithless of the New Testament is bitter and graver than that of the faithless of the Old Testament, because the Incarnation of God was the fullest and absolute form of Revelation: '7n many and various ways God spoke of old to our fathers by the prophets; but in these last days he has spoken to us by a Son" (Heb. 1, 1). In any case it is only natural and right that one is judged

l

l l l l l l , 1

[

[,

[

[

c [

l L

'AnoAuTIKIOV, • Hxo<; Ii'

'H rtvvraaic; aou e&OT6K&, xopilv tl'liVUQ& naOl] Tii oiKoutU;VI]' to 00;; yap avtn:lA&v 6 • HAlo<; 'rii~ 15uc0000UVI]~, XPlaro.; 6 e&~ tllJC'i)v' Kai AUOOf; niv KQTcipaV, t&Mc:& n]v £:uAoyiav' Kai KQTOPVl100C; T6v 9QVOTOV, t&JPrlOOTO rilJiv l;wllv n]v aiwvlOv.

0 1 aVO MOP(I>EI: THE AnlI:T1AI:

'AnOKaAmjJll uno TfJV 1l0p.pfJ Tii~ naAal(j~ Kat Tii~ KOIvii~ C"a6fJKll~, ExOUV ao<t>aAw~ aKOllll lleyaMTepll eu6uVll OE neptmwOll6mOTta~ 6rt' C,T1 ExOUV 01 61o.popol el6wAoAmpe~ Kat E6vIKOi. KI 6volleoa nOAI OTO~ TlIOTO~ TWV 660 6Ia611Kwv, " eu6uvll TOU arrlOTou Tii~ KOIvii~ 6la6fJKll~ eTvOI TlIKpOTepll Kat f3apuTepll 6rt0 TOU amOTOU Tii~ naAOIa~ 6Ia6fJKll~, ylOTt t\ 'Evav6pWTlllOll TOU Geou urriipl;e " nAllPEOTepll Kat TeAeoi61Kll 1l0p.p" Tii~ 'AnOKaAUljJe~: <d1oAV/1epWC; Kof nOAVTponwc; nciilOi 0 eeOc; AaJ.rjoaC; TOIC; nOTpOO1V tv TOIc; npo¢rjTOIC;, Err' EO)(CrrWV TWV f!/1epWV TOUTWV EJ.ciilT)oev f!/11V tv vilji» (' E~p. 1, 1). Elval IiMwOTe noM .pUOIKO Kat 6tKOIO TO va KpI6ei KOVet~ Ov6Aoya IlE TOV f3a6IJ0 nou yvwploe ~ 6ev yvwploe T"V aA,,6ela. fl ' amo Kat TO EUoyyEAIO 611Awvel ETTlypollllOTIKO, OTI «0 yvoUC; noMa ... 6oprjoETOI noMaQ> (i\OUK. 12,47).

+ '0 AUOTpaAta~LTuAI~

according to the degree to which one has known or has not known the truth. It is also for this reason that the Gospel concisely states that "the servant who knew much. ,. shall receive a severe beating" (Luke 12,47).

+ Archbishop Stylianos

H 0EOTOKor no EKK1\HDArTIKO ETor

H ' ' Ynepavia SeoToKOe;, eKnpaOc.lnoOoa oh6KAllPll Tliv ov9pWnoTllTO, KOTExel ,,~v KevTplKwTepll 9Eat1 OTo I:KKAllOlaOTIKo tToe; rlie; 'Op9oli6~ou . EKKAlloiae;. To

SeiKo OXMlo nepi Oc.lTllPiae; TOO KoOIlOU 6tv 96 enpawaronoleiTo xwpie; Tliv I:VOOPK<OOT) TOO YioO roO SeoO ana Tliv SeoToKou rl· aUTO ToV Mvo oi VIOpTEe; Ttie; . Ynepaviae; SeToKou OMllAOOta6txovTOI Tie; VIOpTEe; TOO Kupiou KOTa Tliv OtaPKeia TOO AelroUPVIKOO eTOUe; rt'je; . EKKAlloiae;. MeTa Tliv lleVOAll vloPTli TOO 'AViou llOoxa, OKOAougei TO LlWOCKaOPro (oi LleonoTIKEe; Kai SeollllTOpiKEe; VIOpTEe;), nl:vre ono Tie; onoiee; eTVOl cuplepWIlEvee; OTO iepO npOOc.lno rt'je; SeOTOKOU

LTliV apm TOO eKKAllolaonKoO eTOUe;, OTie; 8 Lemell~piou, VlopTa~oulle Tliv npwTIl vioPTli oTli OClpO TOO LlwocKaoprou, TO reVe9AIOV rt'je; . Ynepaviae; SeoToKou, tva onouooio iOTOPIKo vevovQc; nou atlllaivel Tliv I:VKOIviaat1 TOO tpvou rt'je; Oc.lTllPiae; TOO KoollOU ME TO revE9AIOV rt'je; SeOTOKOu apXI~OUlle nOll va npoa~Mnoulle oTliv KaTa oopKa rEVVllat1 TOO Kupiou ~IlWV ·111000 XPIOTOO Kai I:nollEvwe; OT~ AUTPWat1 nou Ilae; xaPloe we; Seav6pwnac;. rt ' aUTO ToV Mvo xalpOllaOTe, oUIllpWVa Ill: TO MVla TOO Tpanapiou rt'je; VIOprt'je;: «. H ytVVlloi<; GOt.! SeOrOKE:, XQpav t/Jrjvuoe 1T(jO!) nj OiKOU/JtVl] ... " Kai nOAI, tvae; UIlVac; TOO ·Op9pau ovacptpel OTt ~ VEVVllOle; rt'je; SEOToKOU Elval «KO.vrj xap(:J tv r<ii KOo/Jr,>, ·AwtAwv TE Kai av6ptJnwv ... "

, H I:nolll:V1l SeollllTopl~ VIOPTli, ~ I:v Tc;i Nac;i E'looOac; rt'je; . YnEpavia~ SeoToKou, nou VIOPTa~eTOI OTie; 21 NOEIl~piou,

unoollAwvEI Tliv oAOKA1lPWTI~ acpooi<OOT) rt'je; SEOT6KOU OToV Se6, Kai Tli oUllllErom TIl~ OT6 OXEOtO rt'je; Oc.lTllPiae; IlE Tliv npaETOIllaoia TIle; va cptPEI T6v XPIOTo OTOV KOoIlO. • ETOI ~ SeoTOKOe; rrpaEroillaOTllKE WarE Ill: Tliv EmoKiaat1 TOO . AViou nVEUIlOTOe; va aVTOnOKPlgei oTliv KAI']at1 roO 0eoO va vivelllllTEpa roO LWrt'jpac; XpIOTOO.

LTo TEAac; TOO I:KKAllolaOTIKoO eTOUe;, OTi~ 15 AUVOUOTOU, VIOPTO~OUIlE Tliv Koillllat1 rt'je; SEOToKOU, ol1Aao~ Tliv oAOKA~p<OOT) rt'je; onOOToAtie; TIle; Kai Tliv IlETaOTa~ TIle; oTli lleMouoa ~w~.

'Qe; MllTEpa TOO SEOO, Ii SEOTOKOe; TtllaTOI ono T~V 'EKKAlloia OXI on6 lloV1l TIl~, OMa at OXEat1 IlE ToV Yiov TIle; Kai Seov, TOV Kuplov · lll000v XpIOTOV. LU~9wc; oi EiKovee; TIle; oTliv ' EKKAlloia Tliv napauola~ouv Ila~i IlE ToV ·1~ooOv XPIOTOV, TOV LWrt'jpa TOO KOOIlOU . H SeoToKOe; Ilae; I:KnpaOc.lnEi OTo OXEOtO rt'je; Oc.lTllPiae;, nou npaVIlaTOnOlti91lKE Ill: Tliv niOTll TIle; Koi Tli oUVKaTage~ TIle; oro 91:All1la roO SeoO. 'MM napO Tli IlEVOAll Ttll~ Kai T6 oe~ollo nou rt'j~ onoOi&1 ~ 'EKKAll0ia, I:v TOUTOIe; Ii SeoTOKOe; napallevEI OTOUe; mOToue; IlE Tie; oUVEXEie; nPEo~EiEe; TIle; npOe; ToV SEDv. KI I:nElol'] napallEvEI Ila~i Ilae;. vOlweoUIlE KI ellEie; t':Aeugepal vo ~l1ToOlle Tie; nPEO~ETee; TIle; vuj Tli Oc.lTllPia Ilae;.

• ETOI ~Mnoulle OTt Ii . YnEpavia SeoToKo~ Ilae; OVKaAla~EI oMKAllpa TO XPOVO Kai OlapKWe; Ila~ KaAei npOe; TO oUpOvla IlE Tli oUllllerom TIle; OTo tpvo rt'je; Oc.lTllPiae; TOO K601l0U

npwTonp. Mtlmaolle; Xpuoau¥r1e;

"I6)QKE:iJ.l Kai ~ Avva OV&I&OJ!OU ciT&KVia~, Kai . AMIA Kai Eoo tK Tile; ql90paC; TOU 8avaTou, liAEu9&pw9'1oQV wAxpaVT& tv nj ayiQ revvi)a£1 GOlL AlJ'riaV tOPT~£1 Kai 6 Aa6c; aoo, &voXfjc; TWY mal0J.lOTwv AUTpw9&iC; tv T<!) KP~tV 001" . H J:T&ipa TiKT&1 n]v eeOToKov, Kai Tp0<p6V Tile; ~fA)ijc; iu.1wv.

-

rl(t nlv "Ayto ' ApoEvto TOV KmmaooKIl

KanOTE KanOlO<; 'AYlopeiTTj<; repoVTa<; AEITOUPYOOoc a' eva ~IKp6 napeKtWla, KI n~aorav ~ovaoo ai i5u6 ~a<; - aUT6<; nou iEpoUPYOOoc Kal eyOl nou etpaMa. nap6~a TQOTa, onwe; ~00 €TnE ~ET6, Mv EIXE KavEi<; niv cilo8nOll 6n Ii~aorav oi i5u6 ~a<;. nap ' 6~0 nou tlMo<; €TVat 0 puB~6c; AElTOuPyia<; orav Elval ou6, OTQV yiVETat iiypunvla at ~Ia Mov.; ... o~we; ti npoy~anKt; cil09DOIl Elvat on"lowe; 6~lyOln:pol iTavTOlv Ii~aorav E~E!<; oi ou6 or6 napeKKMot. " O~o<; 0 K6o~o<;, oM~DPD ti 'EK~Doia - Ii 9pla~~Euouoa ev TO!<; iiyiol<; Kai orpoTEuo~eVD ev TO!<; moro!<; - napeUploK6Tav Kai au~npoocux6Tav eKEiVD Tti orly~ti· 1116Tt «6nou (3aoW;ut;, tKei Kai ai rrl~elt;». ' 0 BarnAEU<; €TVat 0 TWV ~atAeu6vTOlv nou EiaoocuEI Kai e~ooEuEI ~ETa TWV avve~Olv' 6 BaatAeu<; Elvat ~eoa aniv 'EK~Daia Kai ~a~i ~. AUT6v iinaoa ti Ta~I<;: O~OI ai ooPUq>opoOVTE<; AUT6v.

"OTav ~"'ii~E Yla niv 'AYl6TTjTQ TOO 0EOO, evvooO~E niv eTEp6TTjTQ, r6 eVT&~W<; «QMov» TOO «/1ovou 'Ayiau» 0EaO, T6 unEp~TIK6 TOO 0EOO, TO 0E6 «TOV tv TOit; oupavoit;». "OTav, o~we;, ~",a~E Yla niv KOlvOlvla TWV ayiOlV, Yla TOU<; ayiou<; «TOut; tv 7(i Yri out; teaU/1aonuaev ci KuplO<; 6 tv ayiolt; eaU/1aOTOt;», T6TE EVVOOO~E niv 'AYl6TTjTa TOO 0EOO 06v Kan nou K~ou~aorE va ~ETexau~E KI E~E!<;. ' 0 0E6c; OU~~&pi~ETat niv 'Ayt6TTjTa Tou ~e tlMa np600lna Kai ni ~Olti Tou ~e 6M~DPD niv KTiOll. rl' aUT6 npooq>epaVTat <<TO Qyta TOit; ayiolt;», oD~aoti or6 ~a6 TOO 0EOO, orov KOO~O. Oi iiYIOl, ~0In6v, Mv €TVat anaKO~~VOI OOT& ano TO 0E6 tlM' OOTE ano TOV K~O. ElVat ~tlMov eKK&VTpIO~VOI Kal oq>DVOl~VOI aniv iiyK~la TOO 6EOO, Kai raUToxpova onOTE~OOV niv Kap/5la TOO oOl~aTO<; TWV morwv. Me"", aUTwv ~a<; n~Ola~EI 6 6EO<; ori<; TanElvOlTEpe<; Kal xa~DMrEpe<; ~a<; aVaYKE<;. Kai Mv vTpenETQI va OKU'IIEI navOl ~o<; «0 tv ul/R1Aoit; KCTOIKWV Kai rrl mnelvel trpopwv», aKpI~ Ylan nplv Ka9& a~apTia' Kal nTOlCJIl unaPXEI ti npowaTtKOTTjTQ rti<; iiyanD<; Tou nou OD~IOUPVDOC TO naVTa EK TOO ~Docv6c; Kai ElnE on Il~a Elval «KaAa Mav.» ' YnapXEI, ~OtnOV, ~eoa ~a<; ti ouvaT6TTjTa iiyla~oO:

OOTE an' e~Ol ~a<;, OOTE Kai ~aKPUa ~a<; ~pIOKETat ti OOlTTjpla. 'An~ouoraTQ, ti a~apTia o~tipuvE niv Kap/5la ~a<;, tlMa oi aYlol auvexw<; on~ouv TOU<; cPpoy~ou<; n00 ouvEniiyETQI ti a~apTia. npWTQ 6 0E6c; eoKt;vOlOC an<; Kap/5le<; TWV iiyiOlV Tou, Kai Karomv eKE!VOl liet~DooV va Tov ~OIp600UV , va Tov KOIVOlv.;OOUV ~e ~a<; TOU<; uno~otnou<;. rl' aUTO KI e~E!<; TOU<; n~oO~E 'IItlMovra<; aKo~ouBiE<; Kal KTi~aVTa<; vaou<;, AUTO TO nOp nou n~9& 6 Xplor6c; Kai ava'llE orov K6a~O, auni ti "I/ita cpMya /ita navT6c; KOTaKal£1 Kap/5le<;.

' 0 avlO<; €TVat o6v TO ~allo>~evo nouAi nau Mv ~nope! va oraBE!, Mv ~nope! va tiouxaoci - AEIOlVOVTO<; ano iiyanD, unoq>/:povTa<; Yla 'EKE!VaV, npoXOlpOlVTQ<; np6c; TO Xplor6. Ta ~9D TOO n690u Tou VIKOOV TO vElma, TO n~ouTTj, Ti<; M~E<;, aKO~D Kai TOU<; q>6~ou<;, Ti<; an&tiIt<;, Ti<; EipOlVE!E<;, Ta navra. npon~oOv TO ~apTuplO ano Tliv e~EuBEpia, YIOli 0 XPlorO<; npenEI onColOOtinorE va avaOTT]9&1 Kai 0 KuplO<; TOV ~nTIOC TOV 'Apoevlo or6 al~a rti<; ouvEIOtiOCwe;, TOV eXPloc 6M~Dpo «tv tAai",» an6 navOl Ewe; KOrOl, liAEI'IIE niv KE~ti TOU aniv oYl6TTjTQ - ~expi nou oti~EPO OKU~OU~E, ~ivau~& yovu Kapaia<; ~npoora ora AEi'llava TOU Ta M ovo~aTa TWV OyiOlV €TVat unepo ~E~I y~UKUTEPO Ei<; TO XEIN] TWV 'Op90i56~OlV: ITeq>oVo<;, EUCPD~ia. IID~tiTPIO<;, AiKaTEpiVD, Bap~pa, 'Apoevlo<;.

"Onwe; TOU<; oyiou<;, KI E~Ei<;, Mv npenEI va evox~oO~E, va KOUp6~OU~E T6 0EO, tlMa ~tlMov va Tov ~EKOUp6~OU~E, va T6v avanaUOU~E, va ToO npooq>/:pou~E Eva noniPI vEp6, av Mv ~nopoO~ TO a1 ~a ~a<; va XUOOU~E.

/ltv nptnet va mOIJQrOUIJE nOTt~, va l.n'IV "OO).lE nOTt ",6. CPTOVEI, Mv ~nopoO~E Ii at Be~ou~E. "OXt. «"AXPIt; ou /10Pqxu81J 92

AnOIlYTIKION YHXoc; r' e£ia~ niern:....;

Blov l:v8f:OY KaAWc; avu~. tKeivoc; njJlovToU nClPClKMlTou, av&O&IxSr1<; 1l&0q>6p& 'ApotVI&, Kal n;;v eou",""", njv XIIpIV ae~6~evoc;, noot naptxet~ Toxeiav ~r'\eelav· nOTEp OCtE XPIOTOV TOV 6&ov IKtreU&, 1itolp~aaaeal ~~lv TO ~va t~oc;.

XPIOTOt; tv t)/1iv» (rw.. 4 : 19). ~expi va nOpeI 06pKa Kal 60ra Kai ~opcpti 6 Xplor6c; ~eoa ~a<; , Kal M q>96VOU~& nare TeAEla oro ora/ito aUT6, MtlMov 6M~PD ti ~Olti ~a<; yivETat or6/ito 6nou TpeXOU~E «iva Kaf KaTaAelfk,J/1ev,» lIev 90npenE nOTe va acptioou~ TOV Ka(j~o ~a<;, TOV iiywva ~a<;, TOV novo ~a<;, ~tlMov TOV n690 ~a<; . 'Aora~6TT]TQ va ~DTOO~E T6 M6vo «au tori weia», va BEOlPOO~E T6 0EO, va Kartxou~E ro 6EO, va 6vtiKou~E oro 0E6, va 6vanveou~& niv napouaia Tau Kal ni ~a Tou

Oi aYIOl Mv Kt;punav navToTE' KI Il~we; ~e niv Kall& TOU<; XElpovo~la, ~e TOV KaBE TOU<; Myo, ~e TO KaBE TOU<; ~ti~a, ~e Ti<; oray6VE<; an6 TO MKPUa, TOV ii5pwTa Kai TO a1 ~a TOU<; ~apTUpoOooV Yla niv anOK~U'IID TOO 0EOO ava~E06 ~a<;, noov ~uanipla nau ;:KPUnTE T6 6E6.

ElVat, ~OtnOV, 6 "AYIO<;, Ii Ii KOIvOlvia TWV 'AyiOlV nou ~apTupoOV Yla niv nap6000ll o6v Kan T6 ~OlVTQVO. ElVat Alyol oi "AYlol nou aCPDOOV vponn; ~apTupia. AUTOi M ~"'oOoov Via Ti<; e~nElpiE<; Tau<;: an~w<; Ti<; ~oOoov. Kan; KanOiO Tp6no, 6 "AVIO<; Elvat 6M~DPD Ii /itooaK~la TOU, ~Ia evOOl~OrOlCJll rti<; nap6&!on<; Tti<; 6noia<; ti auBEvTla nEpleXETat oro ~iOl~a, KI OXI ori<; /itooaK~i&<; Kal ora /itn~OlllaTa. '0 IUIlEOlV, 0 Neo<; 0EOMvo<; MEl OTt 6 "AVlo<; M ~piaKETat nMov «una TOV VO/1ov», Ila Elvat o "I/ito<; «vo/108tmt;», oD~ai5ti 6 eauT6c; TOU anOTEAE! v61l0.

TETOIO<; nTav KI 0 'ApoeVIO<;, Ii XaT~ncpeVTT]<; 0 KannaMKn<; nou avaVVOlpi09nKE KI eniOll~a 06v "AVlo<; T6 1986. ElVat noM KOVTa aniv enoxti Ila<;, tva nap60clVlla aUTOO TOO ouva~lalloO rti<; nap6ooOll'· nap6~o nou !jTQV Ilovaxo" Mv !jTav OOT& epnlliTTj<;, OOT& ~oOoc at 1l0vaaniPL Mv nTav eniaKono<;, nap6~o nou TOO npooq>EP6DKE emaKomKt; ;:opa,

' 0 n. 'ApoevlO<; nTQV Eva<; nnM<; iEpea, oro XOlPIO <Il6pooa, 6nou VEvvti9DKE VupOl ora 1840. T6 XOlpl6 aUT6 ~piaKETat nEpinou

1

l

~ l

l

1

r: [

[

L l L L

l

200 xllIlo~eTpa vOTla Tiic; KOloopelac; Tiic; KannaooKiac;, nou um;pxe noAla ti tmaKOmKt; nepl'l'tpela TOO MevOJ.ou Baallleiou.

-Orav i'jrav nOllii aK6~~, o. n. 'ApaEVIOC; elxe ~la EVTova npoowmKt; t~nelpia TOO geoO. 'Ano ~IKpOC; E~elve opq>av6C; Kai E~age va ~eT noM KOVTO ~t TOUC; 'AViouC; nou T6v npooraTeuav. 'AvaTpO'I'~Ke an6 rti geia TOU nou 'l'pOvnoe Wore 0 'ApatVIOC; va napel ~la ~6pqx.xJl1 . . 0 'ApatVIOC; eo rtiv tK~ETaMeu6Tav aurti apv6Tepa, oTav oov OtaKOC; TOO apeoe va OtOOaKel ~IKpO nOlOta va OtaJl<'t~ouv Kai va VpOq>auv.

' 0 ha6c; Tiic; MIKpOC; 'Aaiac; eiVOl yvwor6c; VIa rtiv iOtaiTepa gep~ti TOU euat~ela. AUT6 eiVOl aoo'l'tc;, ~a anoKoAumel rti ~wri Tiic; napOoo~c; oxeoov oov ~lac; al~Tiic; npav~aTlKO~rac; nou 4JIlha'l'eTTal oTiiv Ka~~eplvt; ~wti, OXI ~6vo oTii AeITOUPVIKt; ~wti OMa Kai OTic; npav~aTlKtc; avSpwmvec; OXEoelC;, orov TpOno ~w~c; Kai oTii ora~ antvavTl oTii ~wti . AUTO eivOl xapa~plorlKO TOO haoO nov <!lapOowv onol!, onwc; Mel Evac; aUT6~c; ~aPTUpaC;, «~v umjpxe Ylart*;, Oion 0 n. 'ApatVloc; npooeuXOTGV YIO TOU, dpptJarour; KG; auro; 8spaneuovrQv». eepClneue onolov6r1norc, ave~aprtiTWC; an6 T6 av aUT", liTOV XplOTlav6c; Ii Mouaouh~avoc;.

'H ~6~ avanau~ TOO n. 'Apaeviou i'jTav va avanauEI CiMouc;. 'AvanoOoe T6 ge6, Kai e~Mne TOUC; auvavSpwnouc; TOU oOV ~wvTavEC; eiK6vec; TOO geoO. Tti VUKTa avpunvoOoe Kai npaoeux6TOV VIa T6 noi~vl6 TOU. Mv tntTpene ora liloooKoAlKa TOU Ka9riKovTa Ii ora ~puwara TOU oUTe va T6v t~noliioouv an6 TtiV npaoeux.;, oUTe va T6v ano~aKpuvouV an6 rtiv avSpwm~ lipa~PI6~TO.

-OTav lilooaKe nOlOta, aKon6c; TOU i'jTav va TOUe; ~eT01iWoe1 T6v avwva TOO avSpwnou VIa rti geia Zwti, va TOUC; ~agel rtiv Taneiv~, Kai va TOUC; ~era~lJl<'toel rtiv ava~ TOO geoO, onwc; rti ~oOoe 6 -IOtoc;. 'AnoTeMT ~la nepim~ Tiic; nap6~c; at lipaar): TriC; napalioa~c; aav ~lCjc; npa~ewc; avan~c; Kai ~eTa~lJl<'toewc; Tiic; OVO~C; TOO XplaroO.

. 0 . ApatVIOC; npaaeux6TOv Kai vt;areue. lIiooaKe tni~c; Ta nOllila, Kai TOUC; voveTc; TOUC; va npooeuxovTOl. . 0 . ApatVIOC; OtaOtOe T6 EuyythlO. BaalKa 6~WC; eMve ioropieC; (Ot~V6TOV ioropiec; an6 TOUC; ~iouC; TWV 'AViwv) Kal aurtc; oi ioropieC; tlTOV T600 KOVTlVtC; oTii ~wti Kai arouc; CiMouC; 000, anWC; nlorcue 0 'ApatVIOC;, tlTav ti nap6oo~, av KaTavoeTTO oworQ. -HTOV ~t TtTOIec; «iuroploOAEt;" nou IlEvOAwvav yupw TOU TO nat6t6. .. Hrov leptac; arov K60~o, aXI a~WC; «tK TOU KOa/.lOU» r lw6vvou Ie ', 17). E1VOl tKnh~KTIKO TO nOic; auvMa~e rtiv EVTO~ towTeplKt; ~wti, ~EXPI Kai rtiv ano~ov~ (Tic; TeTapTec; Kai napaaKeUEC;), ~E TiC; tmoKtljlelC; TOU at CiMouC; naipvovTac; navw TOU rti ~l~tpla Kai TOV n6vo TWV CiMwv, ~KWVOVTOC; TO Jl<'tP~ TOUC; oOV va tlTOV OtKa TOU. Ntioreue Kai EKave ~eTavOlec; VIa M~ nou EKa~vav CiMOL

nt9ave T6 1924, t~opla~Evoc; an6 rti MIKp6 'Aaia oTiiv , EMMa Kai avaKOU'l'i~oVTOC; TO nol~vl6 TOU or6 E~aVTh~TlKO TOU Ta~i& Kara KanOIO TpOno i'jrav Evac; «Oia XPIan'iv oaAa.», Kpu~ovTac; TrjV aVI6T~Ta TOU niaw dn6 ~la np6aoljl~ napaOO~ortiTWV.

KanOlOC; nou T6v yvwpl~e cinE: «N0/.lli;er; on 1) KapOta TOU e/)(e opna~el TO Xplaro ono nl nMa KO! ~V 86 Tov lirpT)ve /.Itxplr; OTOU 0 Xplara. anavTOuoe orr)v npoocuxr) TOU»

'Ava nooo arlv~rj ~nopoOv va ViVOVTOl ava~eoo ~ac; Otavpatpi:c; orouc; KaToA6vouC; Tiic; ~C;. an6 ati~epa va ViVOVTOl tyypatpi:c; oriC; ~i~houC; TOO oupavoo. -Ac; ~ti napa~vou~e KoMD~EVOl oriC; aU~~TlK6~Tec; Tiic; ~C;, OM ' «6v ave{Jau/.Ie», onwc; vp6'1'el 0 -AVloc; '1w6~C; Tiic; Khi~aKOC; «Ii, ave{Jau/.Ie, tml1u/.Iwvra, ciAoljJuxo ri, avo/3tloel,. -At; TptXOU/.Ie /.It TOV Xplaro». -OhOl e"l~aore KhDTOI elc; rtiv QyI6~Ta on6 . EKcivov «oan, tye!pel 6rrci Kanplo, neVT)TG Ka! <iVlora m6lX0v» (A' BaOlhelwv, ~ . 8). ' E~ovel tK Tehwvwv euayyehlOTrjv, tK OOI~OVI~O~t~C; ioonOorohov, tK OtWKTOU an6orohov tllvwv, tK hDoroO npWTOTpU'I'Drtiv TOO napaociool!, tK ~avwv oPXlEpta, tK

hi9wv TEKVQ 'AfJpaolJ. «Td navTo npooieTat, iva oWfJI] T6v livl1p6lnov». re~aTOC; 0 nap6lielaoc;. Kai na~noMol oi tKha~novTec; 61' ciPE:TWV, 6ywvwv, XapIOIlOTUlV, i6pWTWV, Korop9wl-u:1rwv, OOKpUWV.

Ta\XVll TOO 'Ay[ou eIvQl nopeiec; Kat anOTUnWIlQrQ TOG SeoG. Oi n6vOI TOU, TO KOTOp9WIJOTO TOU, TO XOpiOIJOTO TOU IJQ<;; OVOOCIKVUOUV OOfl'lTlTlKO aVIXVeUT&<;; TOO 0eoO. Kaf Ti CiAAo ~nTOO~e Ii TO geo; Oi ~iOI TWV . AViwv, DVTWC;, anoTehoOv Tono «auMr7lpe~» TOO Kupiou 1J0<;;. CTVOl anOKaALJI.(Jet<;; 0eoO. «'0 Beci, tv {JauAa 'Ayiwv» Mvel 6 ljIoA~wOOC;. "Onou liDhaliti oi "AVIOI EKeT 0 geoc;. - ETOI ~eT' aUTwv Kai ti~eTc;, 0 haoc;, i:noIKooo~ou~e9a tni Ta ge~thla Tiic; -Avw 'lepouoaAti~

npWTOOtaKOvoc; '1. Xpuoou~C;

THE THEOTOKOS IN THE CHURCH YEAR

T he Holy Theotokos, as the representative of the entire humanity, occupies a very cenral place in the liturgical year of the Orthodox Church. The divine plan of

salvation could not be accomplished without the incarnation of the Son of God through the Holy Theotokos. It is for this reason that the feasts of the Holy Virgin Mary interchange with the feasts of the Lord throughout the liturgical year of the Church. Next in importance after the great feast of Holy Pascha come the twelve great feasts, five of which are dedicated to the holy person of the Theotokos.

At the very start of the ecclesiastical year, on September 8, we celebrate the first feast in the series of the twelve great feasts, the Birth of the holy Theotokos, an important historical event that marks the inauguration of the scheme of salvation. With the birth of the Theotokos we begin already to look forward to the birth of her Son Jesus Christ, and so to the redemption that He accomplished in the flesh. It is for this reason that we express joy at her birth. In the words of the troparion of the feast, "Yaur birth, Theatakas, has brought jay ta al/ the inhabited warld"; while another hymn in the Orthros states: "Let there be cornman jay in the warld among angels and people':

The next feast of the Theotokos, her entry into the temple, is celebrated on November 21. This feast signifies her total dedication to God, her participation in the divine scheme of salvation through her preparation to become a fitting vessel for the birth of Jesus Christ by the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. Such preparation enabled the Theatokos freely to respond to the divine initiative and give birth to the Saviour.

At the very end of the ecclesiastical year, on August 15, we commemorate the feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos, namely the consummation of her mission and her translation in the age to come.

As the Mother of God, the Theotokos is honoured by the Church, not primarily for herself, but because of her Son Jesus Christ. As a rule, her icons in the Church present her together with her Son, the Saviour of the world. The Theotokos is our own representative in the divine plan of salvation. It is her faith and her will consenting to God's will that made salvation possible. Although is highly honoured and revered by all faithful, yet she still remains in solidarity with all through her unceasing intercession on our behalf. And because she remains most intimately linked with us all, we feel free to ask her intercessions on our behalf at all times.

Thus we see that the Holy Theotokos embraces us throughout the church year and continually elevates us towards the heavenly places by her participation in the work of the

salvation of the world. Protopr. Miltiades Chryssavgis

93

~~~~~~~~$$$$$~$$$$$$$~$~$$$~~~~~$$$~$$~$$~~$$$~$$$$$~$$$$$~ To XElpoypacJ»a (KuAlv6pol) TqC; N EKPOC; 0aAoaallC;

Mt~ntJ.lmov:

'H • APXOIOTIJS KO; AUOEVTIKOTIJS TWV XElPOYPO"''''V

n ap6Ao TTOU a~~Epa 01 EITIUT~~OVES, TTaVW OTa Kou~pav XElp6ypacpo, 6EXOVTCI TriV au9EvTlkOTrlTO KO! rriv aaOlK~ aPXmOT~Ta TWV XElpoypacpwv T~S NEKpaS

eaMJOa~s. aUT~ 6tv ~TaV TTaVTa ~ KaraOTaa~. BEaaiws, O~Eaws ~ETa Tis Elo~aEIS T~S OPXIK~S ovaKaAuljJ~S TOU LTT~Aalou 1 (1949) TOU Kou~pav, OTaV Ta XElpoypacpa Vlv~KavE TTaYKoa~iws cp~~la~Eva, (lKoAou9~aE tTTia~s Kai ~Ia trnOT'l~OvIKri 6uarnOTia,

To O~~oOlO Kai 01 EITIOT~~OVES Elxav ~EYEAoOTEI OTO TTapEA90v OTT' TiS Elo~aEIS TWV 6vo~a~0~£vwv «apxaiwv XtIPOYPCJ(PWV», EUPE9e.VTO OTriV MEG., ' AvarD"';, TO onoia ano6EiXT'lKOV J,JEToYEvEon:pa ,va tJrlV dvOi TinOT' CiA-Ao napa nAoOToypmpiEC). ' H 6~lomOTfa nov BE6ouivwv, of 6noiol EKovav T~V aPXIK~ ovaKaAuljJ~ OTO LTT~Amov 1 TOU Kou~pav (OTTWS ETTia~s ~ETaVEVEOTEpa KI aAAES " LTT~AIES XEIPOYPOcpwv»), <!>aIVOTaV o~cplaa~TiOl~~, lolwS Vlari 01 ovacpopts TOUS ~TaV OVT!cparIKEs'· napoAo TTOU ~ aEaaiwa~ TOU op. W.F. Albright YUJ rriv aPXOIOTIlTO TOO XElpoypacpou TOU • Hooio OrUJOIVE em TOUAOXIOTOV 01 ETTlOT~~OVES 90 uTToMYI~av Ta XElpoypacpa ~E hav aoaapo TPOTTO, wOToao, OKO~~ Kai TOU op. Albright TO ETrlarrllJOVIKO KOpac; 6EV ano96ppUVE TOUe; 6uomOTouc;2. T6 CtKoA.ou8a aVTITTPOaWTTEUOUV Tic; rn6 610arUJES TTEPITTTlOOEU;

6uamariac;:

1.1. Lu~cpwva ~E TOV S. Zeitlen ~ IjJEUO~S Kai TTpoacpar~ cpua~ TWV XElpoypacpwv ~TaV ~EKa9apa EKO~Aw~EV~ OTT' TO 6vo~a~0~Evo • YTTo~v~~a TOU • AaaaKOu~ (EUpE9~ aTO LTT~Amov 1) .• 0 Zeitlen ETTIXElp~~aTOMy~aE liT! Kara T~V olapKEla T~S TTEPI660u TOU D.EUTEpOU EV 'IEpouaaA~~ Naou T~S 'louoaiK~S ' IUToplas (o~A. TTEpiTTOU 538 TT.X. -70 ~.X.):

« .•• of ' /ouoaiOl oiv Eypm/Jav UTTOpVt7PQra rravw at (3If3AIKO KElp,va." 'The Hoax of the Slavonic Josephus' in Jewish Quarterly Journal [lQRJ Vol. 39, (1949) p. 180J

MoAIOTa, mlTos un09EOE aT! Ta XElpoypacpa T~S NEKpaS eaA6aa~s €TTPETTE va XpovoAOVOUVTm OTOUS MEaous AlwVES Koi 6 Tonos npOEAEUOEWS TaUS TOIPIO~EI KoAuTEPO ar~v aTT09~K~ ~ "Geniza" T~S TTEpicp~~~S auvavwv~s TOU Ben Ezra OTO naAmo Kalpo .• ATT' T~V auvavwy~ TOU Kalpou, a Zeitlen lITTo9EOE OTI, Ta XElpoypacpa ~ETacpEp9~Kav OTO Hebron Kai OTTO KEI TOTT09ET~9~Kav OTO LTT~Amov 1 (Kou~pav), Aiyo "POTOU T~V O~eEV «OVOKOAU4JI1 ))3.

1.2 • Epya~o~Evol oVE~apT~ra OTT ' TOV S. Zeitlen ~EPIKOi CiAAOI EmOT~~ovES ~rav ETTla~s MamOTol T~S opxmoT~ras Kai ouvEnws TriS apxofos 'JOUOOIKriS OU8EVTIKOTI1TOS TWV XElpovpacpwv T~S NEKpaS eaA6aa~s .• 0 P.R. Weiss laxupiOT~KE OTI ~nopoOaE va OIOKpiVEI MEOOIWVIKOUS iOTOPIKOUS unmvIV~OUS ~Eaa OTO • YTTo~v~~a TOU • AaaaKOU~ (lQp Hab.), 6VO~OOTIKO Via TOUS LEATOOUKOUS Kof LTOUPOq,OpouS. • AvaMvws XpovoMy~aE T~V auv9EO~ TOU (1Qp Hab) TTEpiTTOU TO 1096 ~.X. '.

2. • H IJETOYEVEOTEPI'J oJ,J04f.tldvio TWV i:maTf]J,Jovwv

, EKTOS ana ~EPIKO A0811 nou EKOVOV of ouomarol OTO V£YOVOTO, onOoEiXTI1KOV Aov8aa~EvOI at oloq,opa EninEoa KaT a TnV m6 OpO~aTlKri nEpiooo TOO oloA6you TWV XEIPOYPOcpwv T~S NEKpaS eaA6aa~s, OT~V oEKaETia TOU 1950. LaV OTToTEAEO~a T~S aU~~T~a~s ~ oKaO~~a'jK~ KOlvwvia 94

(Moyax6~) e£pIUToKAij~ 'A6ap6rrouAo~

6nOPPI4JE T~V an04J11 TWV ouomarwv Koi ElvOI nOYKooJ,JlWS at au~q,wvfo oaov aq:,opo TriV OU8EVTIKOTI1TO TWV XEIPOVPOcpwv OTTWS ETTia~s Kal T~V OUOlWO~ opxmoT~To TOUS.

• APXIt(wS, f300l0~EvO novw oE ioxupo aPXOIOAOYIKO TEK~riPIO q,OiVETOI aouvoTo OTI TO XElpoypaq,o Elxov TonoBETI18Ei IJEaa OTis Lnl1AIES TOU KouIJpav ana TOUS BEoouIvouS. Lt KoBE Onl1AIO onou of BEoouivol Elxov ovaKaAuljJEI XElpovpacpa, 01 oPxmoMvOI ETTia~s ap~Kav XElp6ypaq,a OE )JEToYEvEon:pES aUOTI1IJOTIKES EpEUVES.

a>OiVETOI 0610VOf)TO cm 01 BEoouivOl 80 Elxov Oq,~OEI EKaTOVTOOES TTAaOToypacpiES ~Eaa OTiS aTT~AIES EATTi~ovras OT! KonOlos aAAoS 80 TO «QvaKoAUTTTEII . • Eniof)S 01 apXOloA6yoi ovaKOAuljJav KI MAES aTT~AIES (3,5, 7 - 10) 01 OTTOIES TTEplEIxav 8'1ooup6 ono XElpoypaq,o TOU ioiou Tunou IJ ' mho nou 6voKaAuq,TflKOV an ' TOUS BEoouivous.

• H 6n66EI~IS npon:lvEI em aUTO ~Tav aVEVOXAflTO "in situ" Yla alwvES.

• H oTT66EI~IS TWV TT~AIVWV ooXEiwv Elva! ETTia~s TToM TTEIOTIK~. KoBE an~Aalov ~E XElpoypacpa, OTO Kou~pov, (tKTOS LnriAOIov 5) nEplEixov nr'}A,vo ooXEio TO 6noio XPOVOAOYOUVTOI T6 OPYOTEPO TOV npwTo olwvo ~.X. ' H KoAAuTIKri ouo io KO! 01 OIOKOOIJ~OEIS novw aro oOXEia EnioflS OEIKVUOUV va EXOUV KOToOKEuaarEi 6n ' T6 iOlo )JtpOS . • H tKnAflKTIKES 61J016TflTES !..lETO~U TWV 60XEiwv TWV on'lAofwv Koi nov ooXtiwv EUPE8EVTWV oro EpEimo TOU (( IJOVOOT'lPIOO)) aro Khirbet Kou)Jpav, WOriYflOE T6v .t.\.O)JIVIKOVO aPXOIOAOYO R. de Vaux va KOTOYPOtpEI EVo AOYIKO oU)JnEpoo)Jo, OTI Eva tpyoar~pl oOXEiwv un;;PXE )JEOO arov nEpll3oAo TOU «)JOVOOTIlPIOO». • H on60EI~IlS o uvEnws npoTEivEI em TO ooXEio OEV ElvOI 6UVOTOV vO' Elxov Ton08ETI18Ei !..lEoa aris onllAIES J..IETO TriV KOToarpo<pri TOU (( lJovOarflPlou)) (68 ~.X.). To va cpavraOTou~E aT! 01 BEOOUIVOI Elxav, TTpiv OTTO Tis aPXmOAOYI KES QVOOKO<PES, au~nEpovE I OTi unfjpXE EpYOorriPI oOXEiwv aro '(( )JovoarriPI)) TOU Kou)Jpov Koi EV aUVEXEi\l va ~a~EIjJOUV opxala ' louoai'Ka oOXEla €XOVTaS DAa )JIO' KOIVri Ton08EoIo KaTOOKEU~S, <POiVETOI oKaTaVOIlTO.

• AAM, EKTOS OTT ' T~V XpovoMy~a~ ~E TO Carbon 14 TO 6noio EXEII3Ef3on1l0EI )Jla PW)JOiK~ XPovoAoyio V,a Ta EuprilJOTa, OTTWS Kal Via T~V TTaAOIoypacplK~ OTT66EI~~, TO 6TTOIO ETTia~s O"AWVEI aPXOIOTflTO, iowS 6 nl6 nElarlK6<; Koi tKnAIlKTIKoS oEiKTIl<; TfjS ou8EvTIKOTIlTOS KO! dpXOIo-' JouoO'iKriS XpovoMy~a~s TWV XEIPOYPOcpwv T~S NEKpaS eaA6aa~s I3piaKETol )JEOO oro nEpIExo)JEVO nov i6iwv KEI)JEVWV.

To ' lou6oiKo-PoJ3l3lvIKo ouvtOPIO T~S Jamnia TO 6noio OUYKEVTpw81lKE nEpinou TO 90 IJ.X. 8tAIlOE va Ko81EPWOEI IJETO~U aAAwv KI Eva KOIVO KEilJEVO Yla TOV KOVOVO Tfis • EapalK~S BiaAou. MEXPI TOV KOIPO EKEIVO olacpopa KEi~Eva T;;S noAOIos .t.\.la8riKflS unfjpxov Ta anoio XPIl01IJOn0l6vTouOOV dno OIOq,OPES ' JOUOOiKES KOlvwviE <;. O { , 10uooiOl T;;S oloonopo<; XPIlOlIJOnOlouaov TO ' AAo~ovoplvo KEi)JEVO (taoo~~KOvra). 01 TTEplaaoTEpol • EapalOi T~S ' louoaias XPI101)JonOloOoav TO AEYO)JEVO nOAOIOTIVIOKO KEi)JEVO (MOOOpITIKO) Koi of Lo~opiTES TO LOIJOPITIKO KEiIJEVO. ria napO'oEIY)JO TO KEi)JEVO TOU °IEPE)Jio )JEOO aro Ef3oa)Jri KovTO ETvOI KOVTOTEPO 6n ' mho nau f3piOKETOI aro MOOOPITIKO. KI ojJWS Koi 01 OUO Tunol TWV KEI)JEVWV TOUTWV apE81lKov aro Kou)Jpav Kal 0XI )Jovo Via TO f3laAio TOO ' IEPE)Jio 6AAO Koi

l l l l

[

[

L L L l L l l

~~Q~QQ~Q~Q~~Q~QQ~Q~QQ~Q

The Dead Sea Scrolls Part v: The Antiquity and Authenticity of the Scrolls

1. Initial Skepticism:

While scholars of the Qumran scrolls, today accept the authenticity and basic antiquity of the Dead Sea Scrolls, this was not always the case. Indeed soon after the

news of the initial discovery of the Qumran Cave 1 scrolls made world headlines, some scholarly skepticism also followed. The public and the scholars had been deceived in the past by the news of so-called ((ancient manuscripts" found in the Middle East, which in turn were soon shown to be 'nothing more than forgeries. The trustworthiness of the Beduins who had made the initial discoveries in Qumran's Cave 1 as well as the subsequent other ((manuscript caves'" was suspect, particularly because their reports were contradictori . While Dr. W.F. Albright's confirmation of the antiquity of the Isaiah Scroll meant, at least that scholars would take the manuscripts in a serious light, nevertheless, even Dr. Albright's scholarly prestige did not dampen the skeptics'. The following represent the most famous instances of skepticism:

1.1 According to S. leitlen the inauthenticity and lateness of the scro lls was clearly demonstrated by the so-called Habakkuk Commentary (found in Cave 1). leitlen argued that during the Second Temple period of Jewish history (i.e. ca. B.C. 538 - A.D. 70):

' ... the Jews did not write commentaries on biblical books.' {'The Hoax of the Slavonic Josephus' in Jewish Quarterly Joumal [JQR} Vol. 39, (1949), p. 18O}.

Indeed, he hypothesized that the Dead Sea scrolls were to be dated in the Middle Ages and that their most likely place of origin was the storeroom or "Geniza" of the celebrated Old Cairo Ben Ezra synagogue. From the Cairo synagogue, Zeitlen suggested, the scrolls were taken to Hebron and then planted in Cave 1 (Qumran), shortly before their alleged Itdiscovery"l.

1.2 Working independently of s. leitlen several other scholars were also skeptical of the antiquity and hence early Jewish authenticity of the Dead Sea scrolls. P.R. Weiss claimed he could perceive Medieval historical allusions in the Habakkuk Commentary (1QpHab), namely to the Seljurks and the

MAo I3II3AIKO KEillEva. AUTO ovallcplal3~T~TO npoTEivEllllO npo-90 I1.X XpovoAoyia YIO TO XElpoypacpo T~S NEKPOS 0aMaa~s. • H t",OT~110VIK~ Ol1ocpwvia ElvOi OTi TO XE lpoypacpa nou I3pt9~Kav OTO Koul1POV ypaCPT~KaV nEpinou I1ETO~U 2SO n.X. EWS T~S tnox~s T~S KOTaOTpocp~s TOO "110VaOT~pI00. yupw OTO 68 I1 .X. n I1EPIKa a~l1aVTlKa )(Elpoypacpa napoua"'l~ETOI TO npoowno EVOS AEyol1EVOU • ./1,,5aoKciAou Tij~ ./1IKOIOaUVI)9>. • OOTOOO, EVW 01 nEploaonpOi tmOT~j.lOVES OUj.lq>wvoOv Yl6 T~V npo-XpiOTOO XpovoAoyia aUTWV TWV XElpoypaq>wv TOO Koul1pav (nou avacptpouv Yla TOV • ./1,,5cioKOAo Tij~

./1IKO/OOUVI)~" ~ aUOTpaAt~a I3II3AIK~ t",OT~I1WV cSp. Barbara Theiring EXEI npoana9~aEI va E",XElp~l1aTOAoy~aEI YIO ilia I1ETO - XPIOTOO XpovoAoyia. To aUl1nEpOal1OTO T~S Ylo T~V XpovoAoyia OUTWV TWV XElpOypcupwv EPXOVTOI 0 ' 6VTf9EOll I1 t T~ V naYKOOl1la t",aT~l1ovIK~ Ollocpwvia Kai EXEI cS~l1 l oupy~aEI I1EyaAo aVTiAoyo. 00 avaCPEp900l1E OTO 9EI1a aUTO apyOTEpa. npWTO, OI1WS, XPEla~ETOI va pWT~aouIlE, "'0 ElvOI T6 nEpIEx0 j.lEVO nov XElpoypaq>wv TOO Kouj.lp6v Kof EniollS nOiOS TO EYPOlPE;

(Monk) Themistocles Adamopoulo

Crusaders. Accordingly he dated the composition of 1QpHab to around A.D. 1096'.

2. The Sunbsequent Scholarly Consensus: Besides making several factua l errors the skeptics on several

grounds were proven wrong during the most torrid period of Qumran debate, that is, the 1950's. As a result of the debate the academic community has rejected the skeptics' position and are universally in agreement concerning the scrolls' authenticity as well as their essential antiquity.

To begin with, based on sound archaeological evidence is seems impossible that the manuscripts were planted in the Qumran caves by the Beduins. In every cave where the Beduins had discovered manuscripts, archaeologists also discovered manuscripts in subsequent systematic searches. It seems unfeasible that the Beduins would have left hundreds of forgeries in caves hoping that someone else would Itdiscover" them. Furthermore archaeologists discovered other caves (3,5, 7 - 10) holding a treasure in manuscripts which were of the same sort as those discovered by the Beduins. The evidence suggested that these had been undisturbed in situ for centuries. The pottery evidence is also most persuasive. Each manuscript cave at Qumran (except cave 5) contained pottery which could be dated no later than the first century A.D. The paste and the decorations from the pottery was also shown to have had a common place of manufacture. The Striking similarities between the pottery found in the caves and the II monastery" ruins (Khirbet Qumran), led the Dominican archaeologist R. de Yaux to draw the reasonable conclusion that a potter's workshop existed within the precints of the Itmonastery". The evidence therefore suggests that the pottery could not have been placed in the caves after the destruction off the IImonastery." To imagine that prior to the archaeological excavations at the ruins (Khirbet) of Qumran, the Beduins had deduced that a potter's workshop existed at the IImonastery" and then proceeded to assemble a coJ/ection of early Jewish pottery, all having a common place of origin, seems inconceivable.

But, besides Carbon 14 dating which has confirmed a Roman

vnOIHMEIOIEII 1. BA. Mtpot) .6.EUTEPOV Tfl t) OElpOl) OUTf'jt) IJtoo aro nEpl0611CO TnS "''''vij~ Tij~ ·O~io~, T6~0~ 11 , No.6 (" louvlo~ 1990), (JEA. 58-59, VI6 TIt) 6vTI¢lmIKEt) aVO¢lOPEt) TWV BE60uivwv n6vw mit) KOTOOT60EII) nou nEpu(AEiov T~V aPXIK~ aVOK6~U4J1l TWV XEIPOVp6¢lwv Ti'jt) NEKpOl) E>o~6oollt)·

2. rl6 Tr)V l3El3oiwor) TOO 6p. Albright n6vw OT~V ou8EvTlKoTIlTO Kof 6PXOIOTr)TO TOO XElpovp6¢lou • Hoaio TOO KouIJp6v ~~. CJ)WYQ Tij.; ·O~ia.;, TOlJot) II, No.8 (AUyouarot) 1990), OE~. 82.

3. B~. 5. Zeitlen 'A Commenwy on the Book of Habakkuk: Important Discovery or Hoaxl' IQR Vol. 39, (1949) pp. 235-47; 'The Hebrew Scrolls: A Challenge to Scholarship', IQR, Vol. 41, pp. 251-75.

4. P.R. Weiss, 'The Date of the Habakkuk 5crolr, IQR Vol. 41, (1950-51), p. 147. 'Enlor)1) 6 E.R. Lacheman Kof 6 C.R. Driver KI 01 6u6 61J¢llol3l1ToOcrov T~V apxol6TIlTO TWV X£ lpoVp6¢lwv l3oOl~oIJEVOI OTr)V t1nop~1l xapOKWlJtvwv VPOIJIJWV ndvw crT~V nEpVOIJIlV~. 'EnrXEIPlljJOTOA6VIlOOV 5TI OUTr) ~TOV 1J16 VEO-' lou6oiKr) jJt8060t) vpo¢li'jt). "ETOI Kat 01 6uo aUTol tmOT~IJOvEt) laxuplOTIlKOV IJIO MEOOIWVIKr) XpovoAoVio VIa T6 XEIPOVpo¢lo Ti'jt) NEKpOt) E>aAdcrollt).

95

chronology for the discoveries, as well as the paleographic evidence, which also suggests antiquity, perhaps the most convincing and striking indicator of the authenticity and early Jewish dating of the Dead Sea scrolls lies in the content of the texts themselves.

The Jewish rabbinic Council of Jamnia which was held around A.D. 90, sought to establish, among other things, a common text for the canon of the Hebrew Bible. Prior to that point, several texts of the Old Testament existed (e.g. the text preserved in the Alexandrian/Septuagint; the Palestinian/ Masoretic and the Samaritan). As such whereas Septuagint (LXX) Jeremiah is a shorter text, Masoretic (MT) Jeremiah is longer. Yet both types of texts were found at Qumran. Furthermore some biblical texts from Qumran are closer to the Alexandrian (LXX) text than to the Palestinian (MT) (e.g. 1 Samuel, in LXX known as 1 Kings). This multiplicity of Scriptural textual usage, as well as the presence of certain IIDeuterocanonica/" (e.g. Sirah, lObit) and pseuepigraphal (non-canonical) texts (e.g. 1 Enoch), unambiguously suggests a pre-90 A.D. dating for the Dead Sea scrolls and for the Jewish community that used them. The consensus is that these scrolls fround in the Qumran caves were written from about B.C. 250 up to the time of the destruction of the "monastery", around A.D. 68.

However, whereas most $cholars are also in agreement concerning the pre-Christian dating of those documents among the Qumran scrolls which make mention of the so-called "Teacher of Righteousness:' the Australian biblical scholar Dr. Barbara Theiring, has sought to argue for a first-century A.D. dating. Her conclusions concerning this dating remain squarely against the world scholarly consensus and have caused much controversy. We shall turn to this at a later time. But first we need to ask - what was the content of these Qumran manuscripts, and, who wrote them?

A general view of [he potter's workshop, looking south.

NOTES 1. See Part Two of this series in Voice of Orlhodoxy, Vol. 11, No. 6 (June 1990), pp. 58-59, for the contradictory Beduin reports on the circumstances surrounding the initial discovery of the Dead Sea scrolls.

2. For a discussion of Dr. Albright's confirmation of the authenticity and antiquity of the Qumran Isaiah Scroll see Voice of Orlhodoxy, Vol. 11, No.8, IAugust 1990), p. 83.

3. See S. Zeitlen, fA Commentary on the Book of Habakkuk: Important Discovery or Hoaxl' IQR Vol. 39, (1949) pp. 235-47; 'The Hebrew Scrolls: A Challenge to Scholarship', IQR, Vol. 41, 251-75.

4. P.R. Weiss, 'The Date of the Habakkuk Scroll', IQR 41, (195().S1), 147. Furthermore E. R. Lacheman and C.R. Driver both doubted the antiquity of the scrolls based on the existence of ruled lines on the parchment. It was argued that this was a late Jewish scribal technique. As such both these scholars argued for a Medieval date for the Dead Sea scrolls. See E.R. laacheman, fA Matter of Method in Hebrew paleography', IQR 40 )1949-50) 1S-26. 96

~$Dro$Dro$Dro4Dro SL Arsenios of Cappadocia

It is the Saint or the communion of Saints that witness to Tradition as a living thing. Few Saints have left any written testimony about themselves: they did not speak abouttheir

experience; they just experienced it. In a way, the Saint is the whole of his teaching, an incarnation of Tradition whose authority is contained in living and not always in teaching. Symeon the New Theologian says that the saint is no longer "under the law" but himself ((passes laws", that is to say, he is a law unto himself.

Such a one was Arsenios, or Hatzefendis, of Cappadocia. Much closer to our times, he is an example of the dynamic of Tradition. He left no books behind, indeed he had little education. Although he was a monk, he was neither a hermit, nor did he live in a monastery. He was not a bishop, though he had been offered a bishopric. Fr. Arsenios is revered as a Saint by many people in Greece today, and his influence is especially evident around the Convent of St. John the Theologian near the village of Souroti, only half an hour by bus from Thessalonika; it is there that his miracleworking relics are kept.

Fr. Arsenios was a simple priest in the village of Farasa where he was also born around the year 1640. This village is situated some 200 kilometers south of Caesarea in Cappadocia, formerly the diocese of Basil the Great.

Even in his childhood, the experience which Fr. Arsenios had of God was an intensely personal one. He was left as an o rphan from a young age, and he learned to live very close to the Saints who guarded him. He was brought up by his aunt who saw to it that Arsenios was given an elementary education; Arsenios was to take advantage of this later when, as a deacon, he loved to teach young children to read and write.

The people of Asia Minor are known for their particularly warm piety. It is inarticulate, but reveals the life of Tradition as almost a felt reality, made tangible in daily life - not only in liturgical practices, but in actual human relations in the way of life and attitude to life. This is characteristic of the people of Farasa where, as an eyewitness recalls, "there was no doctor;. for Fr. Arsenios would pray over the sick and they would be healed/~ He would pray over everyone, irrespective of whether he was Christian or Moslem.

Fr. Arsenios' only comfort would be to bring comfort to others. He loved God and saw his fellow humans as living icons of God. He would keep vigil during the night and pray for his flock. He did not allow his teaching duties or his preaching either to prevent him from prayer or to remove him from the human· scene.

When he taught children, his aim was to transmit to them man's struggle for divine Life, to teach them humility and to convey to them the love of God as he himself lived it. It was a case of Tradition in action: Tradition as an act of love and of transmitting the love of Christ. l

Fr. Arsenios prayed and fasted. And he taught both the children and their parents to pray. Arsenios spread the Gospel. But basically he told tales - he related stories from the Lives of the Saints - and these tales were as close to life and to other people as Arsenios believed Tradition was, if properly understood. It was with such "fairy tales"that the children around him grew up.

He was a priest "in the world"but "not of the world" (John 15-17). It is rather amazing how he combined intense inner life, even seclusion - on Wednesdays and Fridays - with going

[

l [

l l L l L L l l

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

BOOK REVIEW

St.Andrews Greek Orthodox Theological CoUege,

Annual Review, Phronema, Vol. 4

The fourth volume of Phronema is entirely devoted to the subject of iconography. This special edition is a long delayed tribute to the memory of the Fathers of the Seventh Ecumenical Council, the 1200th anniversary of which feU in 1987.

A volume devoted to the commemoration of the Second Council of Nicaea, the council which defined the doctrine of the icons, clearly needs no justification. Not only is its iconography one of Orthodoxy's greatest treasures, but the theology of the icon, forged out of the furnace of the tragic and bitter iconoclastic disputes, epitomises both the theological tradition of the Eastern Church, at its profoundest levels, and also encapsulates the phronema, the very spirit and mindfulness, of Orthodox worship and life.

Any analysis of Eastern iconography, from an Orthodox standpoint, must take as its starting point the theology of the sacred image itself. We are pleased, therefore, to be able to commense this volume with Archbishop Stylianos' paper, which is on this topic and contains several important insights into the theology of the icon. Next we present an anthology of significant passages from modem works which discuss iconography. several translated into English for the first time, by Deacon John Chryssavgis.

We are deeply grateful to Fr \hlsileios, Abbot of the Monastery of Stavronikita for allowing us to reprint his theological commentary on the Stavronikita iconography of Theophanis as our third contribution. Fr 'ksileios' article is, indeed, far more than just an analysis of the Stavronikita iconography; it is, in fact, a highly perceptive introduction to the place of iconQ9l""phy within Orthodox theology, liturgy and daily life, particularly that of the monastery. It serves to remind us that iconography does not only find its place

out to others, taking on himself the misfortune and pain of others, praying for others, and carrying their burdens as if they were his own: he would fast and do prostrations for wrongs done by others.

He died in 1924 shortly after arriving in Greece, exiled from Asia Minor, and comforting his flock on their gruelling journey. In a way, he was a fool in Christ, concealing his saintliness behind a facade of oddities.

Someone who knew him said: "You would think that his heart seized Christ by the feet and he would not let go until Christ had answered his prayer."

It would perhaps be disingenuous to construct a theology of Tradition on such a phenomenon as Fr. Arsenios. However, to me he is one of the most striking, if also inconspicuous, embodiments of Tradition as a lived experience rather than a theological concept or even a Christian idea, however important.

More than any monuments of Byzantium, more than large monasteries or churches, more than treasures and icons, it was persons like Fr. Arsenios of Cappadoda who, by themselves becoming icons, windows through which one can see the entire Tradition, allow us to catch a glimpse of Heaven. To meet him gave people a sense of encountering a paragon of autHenticity, of integrity, of wholeness - here was a true human being, "face to face" with God.

in the church, but also in the home and monastic domestic buildings, notable the refectory. Fr Vasileios' "Commentary" has been previously published in English, but has not received IAlide circuJation. It is for this reason that we have decided to reprint it in Phronema.

Stavronikita introduces us to the developed iconographic programme of the Late Byzantine period. D. Sasha Grishin's paper discusses the programme of a church of an earlier era, that of the Middle Byzantine period, and in a different area from that of Mount Athos, the Church of St Barbara in Soganli dere, Cappadocia, which presents an interesting contrast IAlith Stavronikita. The foUowing article is also by a notable art historian working in Australia, Dr Joan Uoyd who discusses the Byzantine icons of Rome. Her article is accompanied by an excellent series of photographs she has collected together of these early icons. Of particular interest is the evidence Dr Uoyd has unearthed concerning the veneration of icons in the City of Rome, especially the remarkable ceremony of the ine/inatio. The West was little affected by the iconoclasm of the eithth and earlier ninth centuries; what we are seeing in the account Dr Uoyd provides is a mode of veneration of icons which, in its essentials, traces back to before the iconoclastic disputes.

Fr PauJ Connors observes in his contribution in our newly­introduced "Notes and Comments" section, there is evidence, not only of an extraordinary awakening to the spiritual power of Eastern iconography in the West in recent years, but "a shift in the attitudes of the Catholic hierarchy". As we believe articles in this edition of Phronema show, the recovery of a correct understanding and appreciation of the authentic tradition of sacred iconography by the West does not entail, however much the East can assist the process, the importation of alien doctrine and devotion from the East, but simply the rediscovery of that which is an authentic part of the Western tradition itself but has become obscured and, in many instance, grossly distorted as a consequence of the vicissitudes of Western history; particularly, from the Renaissance onwards.

Phronerna can be purchased from St. Andrews Theolo9ca1 College, 242 Cleveland St., Redfern, for $15.

• BIBAIOKPIIIA

TotAba] Kwylyou •. 6., H MOYDKH TOY 4HMOTtKOY IXOAEtOY: r- bd5o"'l, 8£<Ja<W>viK11, 1990,230 oc. TIIDi $62.00

• EMJq>9rJ ora ypacp<:10 ni~ 'ApX"'ntOKonij~ ~'" T6 fpyov«' H MouOlKlj TOO t..ru.loTU<oO IxoAElou». PlPAlov IJcoo(ou IJcyt60uC;. !-Ii: . E6vtK6, 9p!,)oK£unKo Kol AaiKo Tpayouaa, nPOYpclJJlJanQlJtva Koi 1JE9OOeulJ,tvo "ara ~n "01 "Ola 8t1JO tln6 niv A' IltXPL niv IT' TOU 6n~on"ou.

T6 lltIlI-io nepLtXeL 8E:wplo "ollaroplo ni~ ~ouolld'i~ "01 OUVo&:U&TOL "01 an6 fl;L "aotn:~, ~La "aotra VIa "il8E: T6I;n, Ilt TO TpayOu1i!O ni~ oeLPO<; TOU ~LlWou TpayOU&]lltvo an6 naL1it61lt QUvOOeIa ntWOLl "L8Qpac; Kal6.KKOpvTE6v. T6 tv A6'W 1)tP.\lo Kol oi KaotTEC; clvat npoi6v nOAUtTODc; tpyaolo~ Mo 1i!OOO"OI.wv "01 ~L~ ~OUOl"OU, ni~ novay. T~~va. KOlV. TmlJKIl "01 Z"ii~ To"'IKll, "01 npooc¢p&TQl(m'jv . EAAr]Vop66OO!;n MouOloo'j flaLOelo VII! TOU~ . EAl.rjv6noLOe~ "upic.>c; ni~ -AAAoOOm'j~. Mnopel va xP!,)OtlJOnOlll8ci KoMtOTa oro KOT'lX1')TtKO IxoAeia. ora . EM'lvtKcl 'HIJ&pfI0l0 Koi 'AnoyeulJonvo IxoAEia IJO!;. 6AAo Kol ora anina TWV

6~oyevwv ~O~. ' OooL 8thouv va 6yop6oouv niv oeLp6 ouniv, ~ yp6LjJOUV 6n' eueel", or6v K. K"varOVTivo T o"'IKIl, n <Davep,,~tVT]~ 53, T.K 54632 9cooaAoviKJl. 'EM600.

npWTonp. M. Xpuoouvtlc;

97

TO XPONIKO THI: APXIEnlI:KOnHI: MAl:

A' APXIEnll:KOniKH nEPI4IEPEIA KivIlOlS TOU EEpaOjJlWTOTOU . ApXIEmOKonou

K. I:TuAlavoCi

KaTO rov I1r1VQ AUYOUOTOV, 6 Le{JaoplcJrnTCN;:

.- tMx9n T6v Rev. Michael Fahey, KOalJ~TWpa TaU St Michael's University, Toronto, Ka! napIlKo.\oUer,oe Tn &clA£~T1 OUTaO CJTJ't geo.\oyucri IJQ<; IxoAT'} IJt etlJQ "Eastern Orthodoxy and its Encounter with Contemporary Theology", onlV onoia Ka! tnt.\6'{TlOE (2.8.90).

- txopooTcnnoe Kol tKi)PU~E KOTO TOV M. . Eoneplv6 de; TOV navrlVupi~ovTa ' I. Na6 nic; 'I. M. MeTOIlOpqx.loew<;, EarlwQod, IJi; n'tv napouoio Ka! TaU nO.\ITEIQKOO npw8unoupyotJ K. N. Greiner K.a. tmrn'u.lwv. In; ouvtX£IQ napeKo8rjoe J..It T6v K. Greiner, TOUe; to.IlPIKOUC; Kat noMOLIf; tK TOO tKKA.,ot6olJaT~ tic; T6 navrwuplKO KOIVO 6eInvo. KOTO T6 6noio EYlvav Kai oi OXETlKtc; np<>Oq)Wvr,oeu; Kai avncpwvr,oeu; (5.8.90).

- 6eX8r1KE at uITIlP£OIoto'l ouvepyaoio r6v i!t.IEu8uVTl'l TWV tv ' AiSE~oii5t Cl>V.av6pWntKWV ' IOpUIJ,QTWV IJ,OC; «' H BaotAe:to.C;», K. B, TaAlovT~1i (9.6.90).

- tMX6rl T6v EUpwi5tKOOTli K. KWVOTOvrivo KOKOUPIl, Koi T6v tKp/mJoeV eil; niv KOMi Tp6n~a Tiie; ' 1. . APXte",oKomie; (10.6.90).

- tXOpoOTo.mOE KaitKl'lpu~e EiC; rov 't N. ·AV. ITEcpOVOU, Hurlstone Park (12.6.90).

- tXOPOOTaTlloe Kai tKI'Jpu~e tni nj topnj Tiie; KOI~~oec.x; Tiie; SEOTOKOU EIC; TOV rlaVllvuPIKO . EanEptvoliic; '1. Movl'jC; METOIJ,OPcp<.)o£WC;, Earlwood, Kol n'lv tno~Vll, Kare n'lv KUPIWVUIJ,OV ~lJ,tpav KOTa TnV SElov AetTouPvlav ele; TaV . I. KageOPIKa Naa (15.6.90).

- totx9rl TOV npoiOTalJ,eVO nic; tv IUOVEU POUlJ,ovtKl'jc; 'EvoploC; n. rOaptn~ nontoKou IJ,EW Tiic; npeofJuTtpac; OUTOO, 6voxwpoOVToC; i5t6 litaKonae; ele; niv revtTetp6 Tc.>V (17.6.90).

- tcstx9rl TOV tv KounvoMvOI) 'Apxt£ponK6v . EniTpon6v TOU EiC; KOUllvoMvOIlV n. rPl1V. IOKeMopiou 1J,£T6 Tiic; npeofJuTtpaC; OUTOO (21.6.90).

- totx9rl T6v n. TtlJ6geo Euayye~tviOIl IJ&T6 Tiic; npeoautepoc; aUToO (22.6.90).

- napeKaeo,oe ~ OMoue; t"'rn'i~oue; ele; niv 12~ tTIiola . Eanepil5a Tiie; . EMr]vIKije; KunplaKije; /lt0)(11e;, Kal ~iM)oe KaraMo'Jl.c.x; (25.6.90).

- tA£tTOUPVTlOE Kol tKl'lpu~E eic; T6v . I. N06 nic; ·AV. EUCPlllliac;, Bankstown, 6nou 01 tv IuOveu -IIlPPIOt tOPT~OUV Kar' tToc; TO twea~lI"pov ana Tiie; KOI~~oec.x; Tiie; SeOTaKOU ~t niv '1. EIKava «rlaVOy{oc; nic; '1IJ,PPIWTloonc;, nic; =eVllC;», nic; 6noioc; tvtveTO KO! tcptTO<; ~ ouVT\6nc; ~LT6veuotc; .. Ev ouvex,eiQ nopeKo9r]oe IJ,t TO n~li9o<; TWV marwv aro nOVllvupIK6 VEOIJ,O Kol T6 tv ytvEI topToarlK6 np6vpolJ,lJo (26.8.90).

- t6tx9rl T6v 'AVVMKOVO 'EnioKono, At Aevd Dr M, Thomas, IJ,tMOVTO v6 6voxwpnoei &.6 n'lv tv Kovo6(i OUVEl'.iPI~OUOO Mum; ' EmTpom; SEO~OVIKOO i!t.taA6you 'O~wv KO! 'AVV~IKOVWV (27.8.90).

- totxen T6v ouvvevl'j TOU iOTp6V K. IWniPIOV KaTOOVTwVllv, IJ,£TtXOVTO TOO tv IUOVEU .o.t£9voOc; roarpevrepo~oytKoO IuveOpiou (26.8.90).

- npoEoTIl KO! EKnpu~e KOTa TOV M. ' EonEplvo EiC; TOV naVllyup~ovra ' I. N. 'AV. 'Ioovvou, Parramatta 'Ev ouvEX,EIQ nopeK6.er}ae IJ,t T6 n~li8<x; TWV marwv ar6 KOIV6 nav1WUptKO iSEinvo (28.8.90).

- totx9r] TaV vto Ilteu9uvn'j Tiie; ' O~u~",aKije; aniv AUOTpo/.ia K. 6UJIJo rEpoOlllil'.ill, OUVOO£UOIl£VO 6no TOV tvr6<; o~ivou aVOXUJPOUVTO npoKoTox6 TOU K. N. KUptOKOnou~ov (29.8,90).

- tl'.itx8'l TOV np6E6po TOO i!t.le8voOc; roarpEvTEpO~OVIKOO IuveOpiou, K. K ·Ap~vtTOKl1. K08r)VTln'lv 'loTptKlic; TOO nOvemaTTH.liou SEooaJ..oviKl1C;, Koi T6v K08r]VTln'lv 'loTplKl'jc; TOO naVEntCJlTllJiou Kp1')me;. K. '0. MovoOoov IJET6 nic; ou2:uvou TOU, TOUC; 6nolouc; Kai tiSE~l~ Eic; VEVIlO. To anOVeUIJ,O tl'.itx81l WOOUTUJC;, tK TOO OUTOO rQOTpeVTepO~OVtKOO IUVEl.iplou, TOV KoeIlV'lTnV ' iarplKlic; TOO 98

IlaVEntCJlTllliou 'Aenvwv, K. B. rOheIJ01TlV, Koi T6v ' EniKoupo Ka8rlVIlTilv 'laTpuo;c; Kai i!t.IEu8uvn')v NOOOKOIJEiou XaviUJv. K. I , KaaravoKTl IJ,ETa Tiie; ou~uvou TOU (30.6.90).

- totx9r] TaV IOTp6V K. n MaptvTllv, np6eclpov . Evoplae; ·AV· napooKeulic;, Brisbane (31.8.90).

KOTO rov j.1rjva AUyouarov 6 revlKOr; 'APXls/xmKO<; ' Enirpon~. np6)ronp K, MlAnoo17r; Xpuaauyrjr; t~enpooorT17O£ TOV Ie{JaOj.1IWTQTOV:

- EiC; n'lv 'E~oOtov Te~en'lv TOO Ttc..x;: KU~EPVT\TOU Ntac; NOTiou OuaAlac;, . E~oX. k. David Martin EiC; T6v 'AVV~tKaVtK6v Ka9E6ptKOV Naov TOO 'AV!ou 'Avl'.iptou Iu6vEU (16.8.90).

- EtC; IuveopiaOlv TOO AUOTpaAlOVOO IUlJjklu~lou 'EKKh'lOIWV IJ,t oVTlnpooWnouc; nic; . EppaiKTiC; KOIV61TlTOC; AUarpaAiac; tnt TOO 9tIJOTOC; nic; q)uhenKije; &oKpioec..x;: EiC; Tilv KOlvwviav (22.8.90).

- rlaptCJlTl em'w TEAEn') TOO OtOptO~oO TOO npWTOU I\eITouPVOO nic; npe0t3UTEptOvl'jC; . EKKAnoiac; Via Tic; SPIlOKEUTIKtC; OVOyKEC; TWV Kc.xpaAQAWV n;c; nEpt<pepeiac; Iu6vEU (31.8.90).

B' APXIEniEKOniKH nEPlcDEPEIA KiVllOlo; BOlleOu . EmoKonou, 0eoq)lM:OTOTOU

MpPIlo; K. • l~eKlriA

KaTe TOV wlva AtiYOUOTOV. 6 BSOrpIAtOTOroC; txopoonjT17osv, tAelTOUPYT1O£ Ka; tKTtpu~sv Eic; TOUC; KaT6J81 ispouc; vaouc;:

- To Eontpac; elc; TnV a180uoav OUVEOPIOOEWV TnC; . L 'ApXtentOKorn'jc; naptOT'l eic; ouvEl'.ipiaOlv TOU .o.tOtKl1TtKOU IUlJ,jklu~iou roO KtvTPOU npovoiac;. (1.8.90).

- Tnv IJ,EOIlilPpiov ouvol.ieu61J,EVO<; un6 TOO aiiSEol~o~oVlwTaTou n. ' H~io Kevrpwn; noptOTT] tie; n'lv ouvEoploOlV TWV Head of Churches Ii 6nola t~ape xwpav eic; n'lv ci't60uoav OuvEoptaaeWv Tfic; Uniting Church etc; TO Little Collins Street. (3.8.90)

- ' EAEtTOUPYllOE Kai tKl'lpu~Ev EiC; T6v iep6v Na6v TWV EioOOiUJv nic; SeoToKou North Balwyn. T6 tantpac; nEptarO\xou~evo<; uno TOO iEPOO KAr,pou MEAt30UPVllC; txOpoarOlTlOE KQTe. TOV . Eaneptv6v tiC; T6v naVllvupi~ovTa iep6v Noov nic; MeTolJop(jKOOewc; TOO IUJ'Tiipoc; Lalor-Thomastown (5.6.90) .

- ' E~EtTOUPVlloE Kai tKnpU~EV Ete; T6v tep6v Naov TnC; MeTalJ,Op(jKOOewc; TOO Iwnipoc; TTiv KUptWVUIJ,OV ~lJtpov nic; toPnic; liic; M&TOIJ,OP(jKOOec..x;:· To tantpac; npotOTT] ouvel.iptaoewc; nic; KeVTptKl'jC; ' EmTpom;c; NEo~aiac; eic; n'lv ci't90uoov ouvEopt60EUJV TI'je; '1. 'APXtEntOKOm;C;. (6.8.90).

- To npw( EiC; n'lv ci't80uoov ouveOplooewv Tilc; 'I. 'ApXt£mOKonl'jc; npOEOT'l ouve6plooEWC; Tlic; OPVOVWTtKl'iC; . EntTpontjc; TOU i!t.. nEptcpepetaKOO IUVEOp[OU NEo~aioc; .

- T6 o.noveuIJa tcstx8r) EIc; TO rpaq>e:iOVT6v np6EOpoV TOO IuM6vou ' Op8006~wv cpotTllTWV TOO Monash University KQi ouvE2:nTllOE lJeT' aUroO 9tIJOTO ocpopwvro T6v tv MV!,) IuMovov (7.8,90).

- ' En ' EUKatpiQ Tiic; toPTiic; nic; METOIJOP(jKOOew<; thelTOUPVTlOE KO! tKl'lpu~ev eic; TOV navllVupl2:ovra . I. Na6v Tlic; MeTolJ,0pq>Woe:c..x;: TOO Iwnipo<; Lalor-Thomastown (12.8.90).

- T6 EonEpoc; EiC; TnV aieouoav OUV&OptaOEWV Tilc; '1. 'APXt£ntOKOmiC; npotOT'l ouve6pl6oec.x; nic; KevTPIlO'jC; cDv.omwxou (13.6.90).

- T6 tantpac; txopoarerrr,o& Kai tKl'lpU~E KOTo. T6v naVllyuplKOv . Eaneptvov eic; rov 'APXt&ntOKOmK6v N06v TOO 'AViou EUOTa9iou South Melbourne En' EUKOtpiQ. nic; napalJovilc; nic; topnic; nic; KOI~nOEc..x;: Tfie; SeOTaKOU (14.6.90).

- ' EAEtTOUPVTlOE Kat tK1'Jpu~EV eic; T6v ' I. Na6v nic; navaviac; Ka~aptavtic; eic; Red Hill n'lv KUptWVUIJOV Iilltpav TfjC; toprlic; Tlie; KO\~~oec.x; Tiie; SeOTaKOU (15.6.90).

- To Eontpoc; eic; niv Ai60uoov OUV&6ptaOEWV Tlic; ' I.

r

r

r

r

L

L

L

l

r

r

[

L L [

L c L L l.

'APXt&nlCKOm1C; npoeOT" auvei5plooec..x; TOO Board TOO r'lPQKO).l£iou «8AIIIIEIAI» (16.8.90).

- T6 npwi ouvo6eu6IJev~ un6 TOO npWTonpeoj)uTEpoU BaatAeiou XpIOTO<Pr; IlETter) eic; Croydon 6nou !J&TO TOO aeu8uVTOO Kai TaU AOY1OTOO nic; State Bank napouoiQ Ka! TOO ' Iepar. npoiarojJtvou n;c; · Evopiac; TOO 'Ayiou 'Avl5ptou Forest Hill Kat aVT\npooWnwv TOO • EKKAl101QOTIKOO IUIJlkluAlou ouve~r'lTTJoe 9tJ,JQTQ 6q:1Op~VTQ n'}v tv My6)

· Evopiav. (17.8.90)

- . B.E1TOUPvr10£ Kat tKTipu~ev etC; T6v ' I. Noov TOO ' Ayiou N1KOA6ou Yarrraville KGt trtAeoev tniarU10v .o.~oAoViav &6 TOUe; novriouC; tn ' eUKotplQ nic; toprfic; Tfic; KOI~lIlloeWC; Tfic; 8eOTOKOU - navayiac; IOUIJEAo.

- T6 an6yeuIJQ elt; T6v ' I. No6v TOO 'Ayiou ,O,rll.ll1Tplou Ascot vale npotOTI1 tnllJVru.lOOuvou aenOEW<; untp avanauOEW<; TOO clclllvrlarou iEptWC; n. AOUKQ XaT~'lnanaeEJ.11OToKAfi. TOO 600[ou Ii owp6c; n'lv tnoj..ltvnv lJETecptp9r) ei~ Kunpav np6c; Tacpilv. np6c; n'lv 8UyaTtpa TOO oel~Vliorou Kat TOUe; OUYYEVEiC; 6 geoqnAtararOl; &ePllktoe T6. auMum)rr,plO TaU Ie!kt0l-ilCUrCTOU Kat 'luxr'len 6nCiX,; 6 Kupu)(; avanauocl n'Jv ljJUxnv TOO ranelvoO KaAoKoy690u AeUiTOU (19.8.90).

- npoCO'11l ouve6plooewc; me; . Opyavc.JTIKlic; . EntTPOmic; TOO Walk­A-Than tie; Tilv ol90uOQv ~IOOeWV nic; ' I. 'APXlEntOKOnt)C; Kal tv ouvExe(9 rfjc; . 0PYQVWTlKfic; . Emrpomic; TOti fl ' neplcpepEIQKOO IuveOplou Neol.ctla~. (20.8.90).

- T6 "pwi tMx9r] etc; r6 r paqlEiov 16v npu)Tonp. n. MtXanA Tolmacev · lepaT. npaior0ll"vov n'I~ P",ooll(li~ 'Op8OO6l;ou . Evopi~ n'I~ ' Ayi~

IKtIlllC; South Yarra Kat OUVE~r')T1loe I-I&T ' aUTOO etllQTG acpopwVTO niv tv My", . Evoplav. (22.8.90).

- T6 "pwI auvOOeU6IJEVCX; un6 TOO novoa. 'APXIjJ.. n. Iepae,pElIl rKiVll ~tl3ll tiC; 16v ' I. Na6v TWV 'Aylwv KuplAAou Kat Me600iou Preston Kat em8ewPf1oev roc; tpyaoloC; rile; npoEKTooec.x; TOO 'I. NoaO Kat tv ouvexelQ ouvOOeu6lJ&vCX; un6 TOO novoa. 'APXIIl. n. Me600lou I\,aavoO tneoKtcp8T) n'lv Tp6nel;av Kai ouve~ilTT]oe Ill: T6v ilteu8uvn'lv T6 8l:~a Tiic; XPI1I..lOToOOn'loet.x; TWV tpyaOlWV.

The Fellowship of St Andrew's Theological College with great pleasure invites you to attend its inaugural

"OPEN DAY" to be held at the College on Saturday, 15th September, 1990.

The half.<fay programme shall commence with a service in the adjoining Cathedral of the Annunciation at 9.30 a.m.

The morning will include a key·note address on Orthodox education in AustTalia. You will also have an oPpoTtunity to meet the College, both staff and students; and to see how our Archdiocese is training young men as priests and teachers for the future of the Church.

COME JOIN US

St. A"d .. ew's a .. eek Odhodo)( Theological College

Applications and inquiries are invited from interested persons wishing to study Theology from an Orthodox perspective at degree level.

'AVQKOLVoUrOt On ~l'j11 ylvovra! I5eKTtc; ain')oelC; tvvpaqnic; 606 6oouC; tmeu~ouv va tpOtn')oouv an'} geoi'.oytloi IxoAr'} ~a<; YUl T6 QKa6rllloIK6 froc; 1991. 01 aln'loelC; npenel va E:XOUV unol3NlSei IJtXPI TtAoue; AUyOUOTOU TOO 1990,

no nArux)(popiee; oxenKolJl; niv AeIToupyia nie; IxoAile; oneu6uv9fjre ei~ T6v r pa~~aTta n'I~ IxoA~~.

•••••• For lnital inquiries and a copy of the Prospectus please telephone or write to:-

Rev. Paul Connors Registrar St. Andrew's Greek Orthodox Theological College, 242 Cleveland St., Redfern 2016 N.S. W.

Phone: (02) 698 5066 OR (02) ~ 6145

T6 on6yeuIJa tMxen tiC; T6 r pacpeiov T6v ai&:o, n, ' HAlov KeVTPWniV Kat ouvelpyoa8n lJeT ' aUToO, (23,8.90)

- ' EAElTouPYTIoe Kat ttaiPU~E:V eie; T6v ' I. Na6v TOO 'Aylou Baol7\£iou Brunswick tn ' tUKOIplQ. liie; topnie; TOU 'Ayiou KOOIJQ TOO AiTwAou npooKAr]&ie; un6 TOU 6IJovuIJoU IuM,6you TWV AiTwAooKapvavUlv Koi tTti\£ae 'ApToKAaoiav (24.8.90). T6 tantpac; txopooran,oe Koi ttaiPU~tv KaTo T6v ' EantplV6v elc; niv 6AoVUKTloV 'Aypunviav elc; T6v 'I. Na6v TWV TPLWV ' lepapxwv Clayton (24.8.90) .

- ' EAElTOUPYTlOC Kat ttaipu~ev tiC; T6v ' I. No6v nic; ' Evopiae; TOO 'Ayiou 'Av6ptou Nunawading. MtTO T6 ntpac; Tfie; S. AtlToupylac; nopeKoenoev tic; reOlJa lJeTa TOO 'lepaT, npoiOTOlJtvou Al&:o, OiKOV, n. NLKOMou (lanaioovvou, TWV Il£Awv Tfie; . EKKAl1010OTLKijC; . EmTpom;e;, me; <PLAom(,)xou 'Aoci.cpOTT}TOe; Ka! CM.fiJV 6lJoyevwv. T6 an6yeuIJo napeOTT) eic; 'AnoyeuIJQnv6v Tool T6 6noiov (,)pyavwoev n KevTPUO; <PLA6mwxoe; tie; TnV A"ISouoav 6e~l(,)oe(,,)v Tile; ' lepOe; 'ApXlentOKonii~ Koi w~iM]oev ~t 8l:~o . E~"'n:plI(l'l . lepanOOToAiI. (26.8.90).

- T6 tontpoc; eie; Trjv oi6ouoav OUvtOplQoewv nie; ' I. 'APXI£OIOKOm;C; npotOTT'] ouveOplaoewc; TOO l1. Iu~ui.lou Kol TOO iepm. npoiOTalJtvou Tfie; 'Evopiac; KOlv6T11TOe; TOO 'Ayiou Sunshine (28.8.90),

- T6 toot paC; npotOT'l ouve6ptooec..>c; Tile; ' EKKA'lOlaOTudje; 'EOITponfje;. TOO lepm, npoiOTolJl;Vou nie; ' Evoplac; TWv Eic:J06iwv me; geOT6Kou North Balwyn Kal aVTlOpoo(,)nwv nic; 6'llJopxlae; TOO Doncaster Tempiestowe. KaTO n'lv tv A6yfJ) ouve6piaOlv OUv~'ln'lenoov 8l:~0T0 tIcpopWvYa n'lv tv My", . Evopla ~a~. (29.8.90).

Australian Council of Churches ACC ANNOUNCES APPEAL FOR GULF REFUGEES

The Australian Council of Churches has today launched an appeal for emergency assistance for the tens of thousands of people fleeing Iraq and Kuwait.

Information received directly from churches in Jordan and Syria tells us of the urgent need to provide shelter, food and medical services for the huge numbers of people awaiting evacuation to their home countries from Jordan and Syria, and each more foreign nationals are pouring across the borders from Iraq. People from western countries are being flown out quickly, but those from other Middle Eastern countries and from Asia are virtually stranded in Jordan and Syria with no immediate likelihood of repatriation.

"These people are arriving in Jordan exhausted, dehydrated, and in urgent need of food, shelter and medical attention", said Bishop Oliver Heyward, President of the Australian Council of Churches. "I call on the people of Australia to continue to pray of a just and peaceful resolution of the Gu)f conflict and for the welfare of the hostages and refugees. I am confident that Australians will back their prayers with generous, immediate help towards the welfare of those thousands of people trapped in a terrible situation".

The Australian Council of Churches has already committed $10,000 from the Christmas Bowl towards the appeal and the Uniting Church has guarenteed a further $10,000. All appeal funds will be channelled through the Ecumenical Relief Service of the Middle East Council of Churches who are heavily involved in the massive relief effort.

FOR INFORMATION CONTACT: Rt Rev. Oliver Heyward, PnnIden~ ACC Rev. Peter Holden, Director, World Christian Action, ACC

Tel: (054) 41 2173

Tel: (02) 29 2215

99

AYl:TPAilIA - LuvavTT)OT] aVTlnpooonwv TOU AUOTpaAlaVOU Lu~~ouAiou . EKKArlO"iiv Kai Tii ~ . E~paiKii<; KOIVDTI)TO<; AUOTpaAia<; npoy~aTOnolli8l)KE OTO LU6VEU n;v TETopTT)" 22 AUYOUOTOU, ~i: OU~IiTI)OT] i:ni TOU et~aTo<; «AVTl~ETWmOT] <PUM:T1Kij<; IIlaKpiOEc.l<; aniv AUOTpaAio». To ei:~a napouoiaoov anD n;v . EmTponI'i 'Av8pwnivwv IIIKOIw~aTwv Kai "Iowv EUKOIp"iiv 01 K.K. D. Thomas Kal C. Sidoli, Kai anD n;v 'E~poiKij KOIVOTT)TO oi Pa~llivol R. Apple Kai B. Fox. 'AKOAOU8I)OE ~WI)P'; Kai i:nOlKOOO~I)T1Kij ou~IiTT)OT] CJ)(ETlKa ~e n;v q>UM:TIKij i51OKPIOT] aniv AUoTpaAla Kai OTO t~WTEpIKO. LTIi OU~IiTI)OI) TIiv 'IEpa 'ApXIEmoKonI'i AUOTpaAla<; aVTEnpooonEuOE 0 rEV. 'APXIEPOTlKD<; , EniTpono<; n. MlATlMI)<; Xpuoouyij<;.

AYl:TPAIlIA - METa TO II ' navauoTpaAlavo LUVt6plO . EMl)vop6oMl;ou NEoAala<; nou eYlvE ani ME~UPVl) nepuOl ~i: ee~a «ro~o<; Kai OIKoyevEla», i5IopyavwvovTOI q>E:TO<; TO aVTloTOIXa nOAITElaKO Luvt6pla NEoAala<; ~t EUPUTEPI) oU~~ToxIi Kal ou~IiTT)OT] OTO "li5lo ~WTlKO ee~a, To npoKTIKO TOU LuvE6piou NEoAaia<; ~e TO et~a «IjluxoAoyla TOU METaVaOTOU» exouv ij61) tKTunWeEi OTOV r ' To~o Tii<; OElpd<; «' H . EMl)vop86l5o~1) NEoAaia AUOTpaAia<; at llIOAOYO» Kai i51arleETOI OTO rpoq>Eia ni<; 'I. 'ApXIEmoKonij<;.

BPIl:BANH - To II' noAITElaKo Luve6plo ' EMl)vop80M~ou

NEoAaia<; Koul)voMvi5l)<; eYlvE ani Bplo~VI) ~ETO~U 13 - 15 'louAlou 1990 ~e ee~a ro~o<; Kai OiKoyi:vEla. To Luvei5plo napoKoAou8I)oov 01 'IEpei<; Kal 'AvTlnpOownOi TWV KOIvon;rwv n;<; nOAITEla<; Kal nEpl TOU<; 50 aVTlnpooonou<; NEoAaia<;. 01 Tpei<; 6~IAI)Ti:<; ~Tav 6 K. II. TooKa<;, KOIVWVIKD<; ilEITOUPY0<;, 6 eEoA6yo<; K. I\. KoiOToYAOU Kai Ii A KanEMpl), KOIvWVIKij ilEITOUPyD<;. l:V ANEY - T6 Ia~~oKi;PlaKo 24 - 26 AUYOUOTOU 1990 npoy~aTonOlIiel)KE TO 80 Iuvi:i5plo TWV 'E""l)vop8oM~wv q>OlTI)TWV OTO Springwood. KOTa TO TPIIi~po aUTO nEpi TOU<; 70 q>OITI)Ti:<; aKouoav TOU<; 6~IAI)Ti:<;, TOV n, eE~IOTOKAii 'A6a~onouAo ono TIiv eEOAOYIKij LxoM TOU 'AnoOToAou 'Av6p1:0u, Kai TOV K. "AVVEAO KapovTWVI) ana TO naVEmani~lo :EX':'0Aoyia<; LU~VEU. To ei:~a TOU IUVE6plou ~TOV «LwTT)pia -H O~I) AnoljJl»>, KOTO YEVIKij 6~OAoyia, TO Iuvi:i5pIO EIXE

~EYOAI) i:mTuxla ono anOljlEc.l<; OU~~ETOxii<;. LTD Ti:AO<; TWV epyaOlwv TOU IUVE6piou e~EMVI) veo IIIOIKl)T1KO IU~j30UAIO ylo n; i51opyOVc.lOT] TOU eno~evou IUVE6piou $o1TT)TWV Iui5VEU TO 1991 , AnON OPOl: - KOTO nAl)poq>apiE<; anD n;v . EMMa, Ii 'IEpO KOIvoTT)Ta 'Aylou "Opou<;, ayavaKTIioooo anD TI<; U~PEI<; TOU MI)TponoAlTou <PAwpiVl)<; AUYOUOTivou KaTa TOU OIKOU~EVIKOU naTplapXEiou Kal 'IEpoPXwv TOU epOvou, Ti<; 6noiE<; eT6A~I)OE Karo n;v 6~IAia TOU EI<; TOV naVl)yup~oVTO 'IEpO Nao ni<; ' IEpa<; Movij<; KOUTAOU~ouoiou anexWPI)OEV eK TOU 'I. Naou at evi5EI~1) i51a~apTupla<;, ev ouvexEIQ 51: ~e na~IjJI)q>EI AI)(j)8Eioo on6q>aOT] TOV onI'iAaOE e~ 'Ayiou "Opou<; Kal TOV Kan;VVEIAE emo.;~c.l<; OTO OiKOU~EVIK6 naTplaPXEio,

MOUNT ATHOS - The Holy Community of Mounl Athos expressed ils indignalion at the Melropolitan of Florina for his slanders against the Ecumenical Patriarchate and Bishops of the Ecumenical Throne, which he said during his sermon at the church of the Holy Monastery of Koutloumousiou; in protest thereof the members of the Community left the Church and thereafter unanimously decided that the said Metropolitan Augustinos be expelled from Mounl Athos and also be denounced officially before the Ecumenical Patriarchate.

100

r r r

AUSTRALIA - A meeting of representatives of the Australian r Council of Churches and of the Executive Council of Australian Jewry was held in Sydney on Wednesday, August 22 at the ACC offices, in order to study the theme "Confronting Racism in Australia". The four papers given by D, Thomas and C. Sidoti r of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission and Rabbis R. Apple and B. Fox of the Australian Jewry, wer~ followed by interesting and constructive discussion relating [ to issues of racism in Australia and overseas between Christians and Jews. His Eminence Archbishop Stylianos was represented by Fr Miltiades Chryssavgis, Chancellor of the Archdiocese, r AUSTRALIA - Following the Fourth National Youth Conference of the Greek Orthodox Youth of Australia held [ in Melbourne last year on the theme of Marriage and Family, the respective State Youth Conferences are currently being held in order to give the opportunity to a broader section of Greek Orthodox youth at the state level to participate in the [ relevant discussions of the Conference theme. The full proceedings of the Third National Youth Conference, and the respective State Youth Conferences, on the theme of the Psychology of the Migrant are now available in one volume [ from the Archdiocesan offices.

BRISBANE - The Fourth Greek Orthodox Youth Conference [ in the State of Queensland was held in Brisbane between July 13 - 15, 1990, to discuss the theme "Marriage and Family", The Conference was attended by some 50 delegates, as well as the leaders and clergy of the community, The three speakers [ were Mr D, Tsakas, Social worker at PA Hospital, Psychiatric Unit, Mr L. Kostoglou, a theological graduate of SI. Andrew's College, and Ms A. Kapeleris, Social Welfare worker. [ SYDNEY - Over the weekend Friday 24th to Sunday 26th August 1990, the Orthodox Christian Campus Committee held their 8th Annual Conference at Blue Gum Lodge, Springwood. [ For the first time in a few years the conference was for a whole weekend, rather than simply one day. Over seventy young people attended for the whole weekend. The main [ speakers were Dr, Themi Adamopoulo, Biblical Studies lecturer at St Andrew's Theological College and Mr Angelo Karantonis, Director of Real Estate Studies Faculty of Architecture and Building, University of Technology. The conference topic was [ "Salvation - An Orthodox Perspective". All participants agreed that the weekend was a great success and voted in a new committee after giving a hearty vote to thanks to the retiring [ committee, to organize the 1991 conference.

CIlQNH THI: OP00AO=:IAl: 242 Cleveland St., Redfern, 2016

. EniorUlov opyavov Tilt;; . Icp(it;; . ApXLCmoKomic; AUarpaAiac;

. EK6i6&Tal 6.n6 lUVTOK"l1Kli . Enrrpom\ TE)(Vua; tmlli:AElo: np~o~(m:p<M; A, . AAlcp",pQ"'~

Printed by S. Halkeas Printing Pty. Ltd. - Tel.: 698 8511

[

[

[