Anne Marit Hansen, Hydrogen Business Unit – September 10th, 2005

Industrial prospective – round table

Norsk Hydro basis on hydrogen – industrial experiences

• Safety is one key challenge when hydrogen is introduced in the public marketplace

• Industrial expertise is utilised when hydrogen is introduced in new energy markets

• Current standards and regulations on hydrogen are not adjusted to the needs in the public marketplace

Hydro approach- business development in demo projects

ECTOS CUTE

UTSIRA CEP BERLIN

Utsira wind-hydrogen plant safe and innovative

Utsira supplies 100% renewable power to 10 households

Storage of wind power by hydrogen is tested in full scale

Information to the Utsira community done – 30% of the inhabitants participated

Utsira – simplified system description

CUTE/ECTOS/STEP –Demo-project for Hydrogen to transportation in Europe and Australia

CUTE: 28 partners in 9 cities

Budget 52,4 mill €

EU support: 18,6 mill €

Schedule: 12/2001 - 05/2006

CUTE: 27 buses

ECTOS: 3 buses

GOALS:

Hydrogen production and fuelling as well as operation of fuel cell buses

StockholStockholmm

AmsterdamAmsterdam

BarcelonBarcelonaa

LuxemburgLuxemburg

StuttgartStuttgart

LondonLondon

PortoPorto

MadridMadrid

On site production with electrolysis

Central /on site production from natural gas

Central production based on oil

Reykjavik Reykjavik (ECTOS)(ECTOS)

HamburgHamburg

Incident reporting in the CUTE, ECTOS and STEP

Common incident report form in use

Incident reports are uploaded on the CUTE web

Feedback on investigations, corrective actions and status

Hydrogen and fuel cell technology in varying conditions – different safety issues

Different climate conditions, topography, traffic conditions and bus - routes

Different cultures on operation issues

A Healthy fuel in a Safe design for a better Environment

Thank you for your kind attention

Anne.marit.hansen@hydro.com

+ 47 22 53 75 03

+ 47 97 58 64 63

Norsk Hydro

0246 OSLO

Norway

www.hydro.com

The demonstration activities gives valuable input from the market

Communication

Input on technology and system matureness

Input on industry requirements and standards

Reporting of incidents

A report form developed by Air Liquid, BP, Shell, DC, Hydro and other members

The form is currently used by the project partners

Main group of incidents

Components with problems

- Compressors

- Fuelling hose – breakaway coupling

- Fuelling nozzle

- Dispenser

- On-site production

- Pipe-workHamburg refuelling station

Number of safety incidents on components

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

On-site production Compressors Filling nozzle Hose andbreakaway

Dispenser Other: gascontamination,

leakage, externalconditions

Close to 50% of all incidents are located in the part of the hydrogen station that operated by the user.

The process of approval is time consuming

Close cooperation Close cooperation between authorities between authorities and other and other stakeholders stakeholders necessarynecessary

Comprehensive Comprehensive information information requiredrequired

The Approval Processexperiences from CUTE

Time CNG - regulation

Project limited approval

Safety studies Overall impression

Amsterdam 6 M Yes Yes Hazop, FMEA Based on CNG

Barcelona 12 M Yes Yes Hazop, QRA Comprehensive - as expected

Hamburg 12 M No Yes Hazop Time consuming - complex procedure with

TÜV

Luxembourg 9 M No No Hazop, QRA Based on foreign expertise

London 30+M No Yes (?) Hazop, QRA Difficult – local resistance – as expected

Madrid 10 M Yes Yes Hazop Comprehensive – as expected

Porto 6 M Yes No Hazop, QRA Smooth – based on existing CNG –experience

Stockholm 24 M Yes No Hazop, QRA Complex – as expected

Stuttgart 4 M Yes Yes Hazop, QRA Easy – demo project