Anatomy Unit 3 Notes: The Small Intestine
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Transcript of Anatomy Unit 3 Notes: The Small Intestine
Unit 3 Notes: The Small Intestine
(1) Regions• Duodenum: (First Chamber)–Approximately 10in long
• Jejunum: (Middle Section)–Approximately 7-8ft long
• Ileum: (Last Section)–Approximately 12ft long
(2) Inside the Duodenum• Secretes Bile, Pancreatic Juice & Bicarbonate:–Bile = Yellow-green solution produced by
the liver, stored in the gallbladder. –Pancreatic Juice = Solution produced by the
pancreas, stored in the pancreas.–Bicarbonate = pH balancing compound
found in the blood.
• Metabolize all remaining proteins and lipids.
(3) About Bile…• Produced by liver, Stored by Gallbladder.
• Contains:–Bile Salts–Waste Pigments (bilirubin)–Cholesterol & Phospholipids
• Function: Emulsify lipids so that they are dispersed throughout water, and can be easily absorbed.
(4) About Pancreatic Juice…• Produced by pancreas.
• Contains:– Carboxypeptidase (Protein Enzyme)– Chymotrypsin (Protein Enzyme)– Amylase (Carbohydrate Enzyme)– Lipases (Lipid Enzymes)– Nucleases (Nucleic Acid Enzymes)
• Function: Metabolize all remaining biomolecules.
(5) Releasing Bile & Pancreatic Juice
• The presence of Lipids & Proteins Release of CCK (cholecystokinin) into bloodstream.
• CCK stimulates the release of bile + pancreatic juice out Sphincter of Oddi.
(6) About Bicarbonate…• Used to maintain pH balance within cells
(and water systems).–Neutralizes acidity of chyme coming
from stomach
• Secreted from Brunner’s Glands along Duodenum Walls.
(7) In The Jejunum & Ileum• Smooth Muscle with millions of microvilli:– Microvilli Absorb Nutrients.– Nutrients directly deposited in blood stream.– Folds in between are called “Crypts of Lieberkuhn”.
• Crypts of Lieberkuhn:– Secrete Lysozymes to eliminate any foreign bacterial
cells.– Secrete Muccin to lubricate and dissolve remaining food
stuff.