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The Analytics of Our Work

Prof. Terri Griffith, Ph.D.

T@TerriGriffith.com @TerriGriffith

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The Future of Work

This is the most exciting time of my career

National Productivity Review

1984 1987

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My Perspective

The foundations and boundaries of today’s

discussion

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Lead by Letting Go

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Let go of

20th century orgboundaries and processes

#WorkAnalyticsPhoto Credit: Rob Shenk

Hold tight to

your performance standards, your relationships, the value of education, and the laws of physics.

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The Analytics of Our Work

What happens when we turn analytics inward

and redesign our organizations based on the

results?

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124,718

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124,718Number of leadership books on Amazon

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124,931…Number of leadership books on Amazon – Most about interpersonal leadership

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+120

additional

responses

to Berkun’s

post

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Work is distributed in time and place; more often enabled by technology than location.

Current & Future Work

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Substitutes for Leadership/Complements for Leadership

Kerr & Jermier, 1978Jermier & Kerr, 1997

Lead by Letting Go

Griffith, 2015 – With your help.

“[Substitutes for leadership] pointed to unobtrusive and impersonal forces such as technology and task characteristics, professional standards, and formal regulations (policies, rules and procedures).”

Jermier, 1997

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Move away from Leaders and Toward:

Anticipation

Visioning

Creating flexible alternatives

Initiation of change

Extrapolating from Ireland & Hitt, 1999

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Looking for In-Context Blends of:Knowledge, Skills, Abilities

Tools

Task characteristics – feedback

Colleagues

Professional standards

Policies

Procedures

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“Cognitive computing solutions based on Watson's transformative technology will help define how consumers and businesses alike make better informed lifestyle decisions, enabling better outcomes.”

Stephen Gold, Vice President, IBM Watson Group. – speaking of Pathway Genomics

http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/45376.wss

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“...actionable information, delivering insight and support [for] better decision making right in the context of human activities.”

Amit Sheth – July 2014 – IBM Distinguished Speaker Series

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHz_jSz-Ie0

Transparency

Job Design

Hybrid Teams Expertise

Work Practices

Influence

Innovation

Complements

for Leadership

Analytics

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Transparency

Organizational transparency seems to broaden

leadership complements opportunities

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Regarding the company’s 20-year program of sharing corporate data: “is like having 700 internal auditors out there in every function of the company.”

CFO quoted in James O’Toole, Daniel Goleman, and Warren Bennis in Culture of Candor

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Analytics

+

Organizational Transparency

?

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Job Design Work Design

Job design used to be the job of HR, now it’s

work design and we all have to do it

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“It is true that many specific, well-defined jobs continue to exist in contemporary organizations. But we presently are in the midst of what we believe are fundamental changes in the relationships among people, the work they do, and the organizations for which they do it” (p. 466).

Oldham, G. R., and Hackman, J. R. 2010. "Not What It Was and Not What It Will Be: The Future of Job Design Research," Journal of Organizational Behavior (31:2/3), pp. 463-479.

Predictive Job

Opportunities

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Analytics

+

Work Design

?

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Hybrid Teams

Sorry, Hydra, you can be beaten by a team without a

Grand Master and no Super Computer

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In 2001, Maggie Neale and I wrote a paper entitled, “Information processing in traditional, hybrid, and virtual teams: From nascent knowledge to transactive memory.” By hybrid we meant a combination of face-to-face and distant team members… not anymore: Techno-human hybrid teams.We use the term hybrid rather than augmented as these technologies are doing more than augmenting the work of the human team members, they are contributing work itself.

Predictive Job

Opportunities

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Analytics

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Make/Buy Team Building Decisions

?

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Expertise Identification

If HP only knew what HP knows… and IBM, and my

department, the government, and all of us

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“"In most big companies, the left hand doesn't know what the right hand is doing," says the 46-year-old Gilmour, Tacit's founder and CEO. "Those sorts of accidents and disconnects and overlaps happen every day in organizations, and they're expensive. You have two people doing the same thing, and that wastes money."

FBI field official Colleen Rowley has said the agency never linked evidence that alleged co-conspirator Zacarias Moussaoui took flying lessons with an earlier report about Middle Eastern men enrolled in flight school.”

http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/companies/management/2004-06-13-tacit_x.htm

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Analytics

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Expertise Identification

?

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Work Practices

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What does Google know about how we all work?

First drafts versus final drafts. What emails get answered? When should a particular person get a particular kind of email -- route it that way. Physical activity and productivity…

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Data, Emotion, and Influence

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What does Facebook know?

They know how to code emotion. They know when an invitation is sent. Do they know more about power and influence than any organization before them?

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Pace of Innovation & Research

What would Watson like to tell me about my next academic project?

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No more literature review, then I present my model. Instead, I present my model, Watson writes (and dynamically updates for readers) the lit review, and points me to areas I missed.

The organization has to change to make use of the power of the analytics. The American Psychological Association will need to rewrite its publication guide. Journal “pages” can be applied to new, rather than old, material.

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Problems I’ll Then Have Time to Address:

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Who’s doing the work?

How is it best put together?

Employee

Artificial

Intelligence

Contractor

Crowd Outsource

Freelancer

Rough Estimates

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

pre-1800 1800-2000 2000-2010 2020-

Employee

Volunteer

Freelancing

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We Have a Long Way to Go

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“Year Of Your Organization’s Design”

Data From Recent Global Executive Group

0

1

2

3

4

5

1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

Participants

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But the Door is Open

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T@TerriGriffith.com@TerriGriffith

Background and Additional Readings

terrigriffith.com/blog