Analytics of our Work
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#WorkAnalytics
The Analytics of Our Work
Prof. Terri Griffith, Ph.D.
[email protected] @TerriGriffith
#WorkAnalytics
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The Future of Work
This is the most exciting time of my career
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National Productivity Review
1984 1987
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#WorkAnalytics
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My Perspective
The foundations and boundaries of today’s
discussion
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Lead by Letting Go
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Let go of
20th century orgboundaries and processes
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#WorkAnalyticsPhoto Credit: Rob Shenk
Hold tight to
your performance standards, your relationships, the value of education, and the laws of physics.
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#WorkAnalytics
The Analytics of Our Work
What happens when we turn analytics inward
and redesign our organizations based on the
results?
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124,718
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124,718Number of leadership books on Amazon
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124,931…Number of leadership books on Amazon – Most about interpersonal leadership
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+120
additional
responses
to Berkun’s
post
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#WorkAnalytics
Work is distributed in time and place; more often enabled by technology than location.
Current & Future Work
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Substitutes for Leadership/Complements for Leadership
Kerr & Jermier, 1978Jermier & Kerr, 1997
Lead by Letting Go
Griffith, 2015 – With your help.
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“[Substitutes for leadership] pointed to unobtrusive and impersonal forces such as technology and task characteristics, professional standards, and formal regulations (policies, rules and procedures).”
Jermier, 1997
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Move away from Leaders and Toward:
Anticipation
Visioning
Creating flexible alternatives
Initiation of change
Extrapolating from Ireland & Hitt, 1999
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Looking for In-Context Blends of:Knowledge, Skills, Abilities
Tools
Task characteristics – feedback
Colleagues
Professional standards
Policies
Procedures
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“Cognitive computing solutions based on Watson's transformative technology will help define how consumers and businesses alike make better informed lifestyle decisions, enabling better outcomes.”
Stephen Gold, Vice President, IBM Watson Group. – speaking of Pathway Genomics
http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/45376.wss
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“...actionable information, delivering insight and support [for] better decision making right in the context of human activities.”
Amit Sheth – July 2014 – IBM Distinguished Speaker Series
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHz_jSz-Ie0
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Transparency
Job Design
Hybrid Teams Expertise
Work Practices
Influence
Innovation
Complements
for Leadership
Analytics
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#WorkAnalytics
Transparency
Organizational transparency seems to broaden
leadership complements opportunities
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Regarding the company’s 20-year program of sharing corporate data: “is like having 700 internal auditors out there in every function of the company.”
CFO quoted in James O’Toole, Daniel Goleman, and Warren Bennis in Culture of Candor
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Analytics
+
Organizational Transparency
?
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Job Design Work Design
Job design used to be the job of HR, now it’s
work design and we all have to do it
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“It is true that many specific, well-defined jobs continue to exist in contemporary organizations. But we presently are in the midst of what we believe are fundamental changes in the relationships among people, the work they do, and the organizations for which they do it” (p. 466).
Oldham, G. R., and Hackman, J. R. 2010. "Not What It Was and Not What It Will Be: The Future of Job Design Research," Journal of Organizational Behavior (31:2/3), pp. 463-479.
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Predictive Job
Opportunities
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Analytics
+
Work Design
?
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Hybrid Teams
Sorry, Hydra, you can be beaten by a team without a
Grand Master and no Super Computer
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In 2001, Maggie Neale and I wrote a paper entitled, “Information processing in traditional, hybrid, and virtual teams: From nascent knowledge to transactive memory.” By hybrid we meant a combination of face-to-face and distant team members… not anymore: Techno-human hybrid teams.We use the term hybrid rather than augmented as these technologies are doing more than augmenting the work of the human team members, they are contributing work itself.
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Predictive Job
Opportunities
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#WorkAnalytics
Analytics
+
Make/Buy Team Building Decisions
?
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Expertise Identification
If HP only knew what HP knows… and IBM, and my
department, the government, and all of us
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“"In most big companies, the left hand doesn't know what the right hand is doing," says the 46-year-old Gilmour, Tacit's founder and CEO. "Those sorts of accidents and disconnects and overlaps happen every day in organizations, and they're expensive. You have two people doing the same thing, and that wastes money."
FBI field official Colleen Rowley has said the agency never linked evidence that alleged co-conspirator Zacarias Moussaoui took flying lessons with an earlier report about Middle Eastern men enrolled in flight school.”
http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/companies/management/2004-06-13-tacit_x.htm
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Analytics
+
Expertise Identification
?
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Work Practices
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#WorkAnalytics
What does Google know about how we all work?
First drafts versus final drafts. What emails get answered? When should a particular person get a particular kind of email -- route it that way. Physical activity and productivity…
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Data, Emotion, and Influence
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What does Facebook know?
They know how to code emotion. They know when an invitation is sent. Do they know more about power and influence than any organization before them?
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Pace of Innovation & Research
What would Watson like to tell me about my next academic project?
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No more literature review, then I present my model. Instead, I present my model, Watson writes (and dynamically updates for readers) the lit review, and points me to areas I missed.
The organization has to change to make use of the power of the analytics. The American Psychological Association will need to rewrite its publication guide. Journal “pages” can be applied to new, rather than old, material.
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Problems I’ll Then Have Time to Address:
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#WorkAnalytics
Who’s doing the work?
How is it best put together?
Employee
Artificial
Intelligence
Contractor
Crowd Outsource
Freelancer
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Rough Estimates
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
pre-1800 1800-2000 2000-2010 2020-
Employee
Volunteer
Freelancing
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#WorkAnalytics
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#WorkAnalytics
We Have a Long Way to Go
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“Year Of Your Organization’s Design”
Data From Recent Global Executive Group
0
1
2
3
4
5
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Participants
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But the Door is Open
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#WorkAnalytics
[email protected]@TerriGriffith
Background and Additional Readings
terrigriffith.com/blog