Analysis of Pharmaceuticals & Personal Care Products
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Transcript of Analysis of Pharmaceuticals & Personal Care Products
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USEPA New England Laboratory
Peter Philbrook {EIA}
&
Hilary Snook {ECA}
Analysis of Pharmaceuticals & Analysis of Pharmaceuticals & Personal CarePersonal Care ProductsProducts
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PPCPs What Are They?PPCPs What Are They?
Prescription medications Over The Counter medicationShampoo, perfume, insect repellent,
sunscreen, detergentsCoffee, tea, soft drinks, nicotine…
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HistoryHistory
1975 detection of Clofibric AcidSubsequent Investigations found
Aspirin, Caffeine, NicotineWaste Water Treatment Plants are
not effective in removal
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Last DecadeLast Decade
Numerous studies have found anthropogenic compounds
USGS Study March 2002 139 Streams 95 Organic Wastewater Contaminants
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SourcesSources
Household discharges to WWTP or Septic Systems
HospitalsTerrestrial Run-Off from Confined
Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) Veterinary Antibiotics and pharmaceuticals
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Improvements in TechnologyImprovements in Technology
Solid Phase Extraction EnrichmentDetection by LC/MS
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Solid Phase Extraction ManifoldSolid Phase Extraction Manifold
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HPLC / MS InstrumentationHPLC / MS Instrumentation
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ESI + Target CompoundsESI + Target Compounds
Acetaminophen Pain reliever .050
Caffeine Stimulant .050
1,7-Dimethylxanthine Caffeine metabolite .050
Cotinine Nicotine metabolite .050
Sulfamethazine Antibiotic .025
Sulfamethoxazole Antibiotic .025
Trimethoprim Antibiotic .010
Lincomycin Antibiotic .010
Tylosin Antibiotic .010
Compound Application RL (ug/L)
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APCI / ESI - Target APCI / ESI - Target CompoundsCompounds
Bisphenol A Plasticizer 0.050
Mestranol Ovulation Inhibitor 0.050
Estrone Reproductive Hormone 0.050
17 b-Estradiol Reproductive Hormone 0.050
Estriol Reproductive Hormone 0.050
cis-Androterone Urinary Steroid 0.050
17a-Ethynyl Estradiol Ovulation Inhibitor 0.050
19-Norethisterone Ovulation Inhibitor 0.050
Compound Application RL (ug/L)
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How Much is One Part Per TrillionHow Much is One Part Per Trillion
One drop of water in 660 rail tank cars. That’s a train six miles long!
Dissolve one grain of salt in 1247 bath tubs full of water(44,893 gals), that’s like taking a shower for 12.5 days!
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Why Do We Care?Why Do We Care?
Pathogen resistance to antibiotics– Over prescribed & under used– Human and Veterinary (biosolids)
Endocrine system disruption– Macho Mosquito Fish– Vitellogenin– Wombmate studies
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Nutshell EndocrinologyNutshell Endocrinology
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Project GoalsProject Goals
Regional targeted screening– WWTP’s & effluent dominated waters
Develop the analytical capabilitiesSynoptic look at what is going into
our waters…..first stepNext steps?
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How Are We Doing It?How Are We Doing It?
Clean hands, grab or composite sampling
Sampling being conducted by State agencies– Maine: 19 locations
– Vermont: 12 Locations
– New Hampshire: 2 samples, 1 location
– Connecticut: 12 locations?
FOR MORE INFO...
http://www.epa.gov/esd/chemistry/pharma