An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency Management

An Open Source GIS System for An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Earthquake Early Warning and

Post-Event Emergency ManagementPost-Event Emergency Management

Maurizio Pollino1, Grazia Fattoruso1, Antonio Bruno Della Rocca1, Luigi La Porta1, Sergio Lo Curzio1, Agnese Arolchi1,

Valentina James2, Carmine Pascale2

1ENEA - National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development

2Consorzio TRE - Tecnologie per il Recupero Edilizio

Remote sensing Data Analysis, modeling, interpretation and Applications: from a global view to a local analysis (RS 2011)

University of Cantabria, Santander - June 20th-June 23th, 2011

Remote sensing Data Analysis, modeling, interpretation and Applications: from a global view to a local analysis (RS 2011)

University of Cantabria, Santander - June 20th-June 23th, 2011

An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011

Table of contentsTable of contents

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Overview onOverview on Earthquake Early Warning Systems Earthquake Early Warning Systems and Earthquake Early Warning Approachand Earthquake Early Warning Approach

The project context: The project context: SIT_MEWSIT_MEW

SIT_MEWSIT_MEW Operating Centre Architecture Operating Centre Architecture

GIS logical architectureGIS logical architecture

GIS ModulesGIS Modules

Spatial analysisSpatial analysis

Conclusions and future developmentsConclusions and future developments


TP (at the network)

TS (at the target)T0 time

Telemetry

andcomputin

gP-Arrival

Lead Time~ 10 sec

Immediate post-event~ 1 min

Allarm Issue

Seismic waves (~ 3.5 Km/s)

Target

Information (speed of light)

Epicenter

Seismic Network

Earthquake Early Warning Systems: Earthquake Early Warning Systems: Operating PrincipleOperating Principle

The term “early warning” for seismic hazard implies an alert given after the detection of phenomena indicating the generation of a possibly dangerous event and before it starts damaging a given location.

M, P

An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 4June 20, 2011

Early warning and real time earthquake risk Early warning and real time earthquake risk mitigationmitigation

The scale of alert times for earthquake is seconds to tens of seconds

In case of earthquakes, Early Warning method is not a classical

forecasting method. It can give probabilistic information after the event.

The final aim of a seismic early warning system is to estimate in a fast and

reliable way the earthquake damage potential.

To reach this goal most of worldwide Earthquake early warning system are

being designed or actually operated following two complementary

approaches: the site-specific systems and the Regional systems


A major step may be the use of regional networks for the protection of multiple critical systems, and then a hybrid use of

regional and on-site warning methods.

Earthquake Early Warning Approach:Earthquake Early Warning Approach:

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A prototype hybrid seismic early warning A prototype hybrid seismic early warning system should be system should be based on:based on:a highly-dynamic, high-density seismic network located around a fault zone robust and reliable signal transmission systems able to operate under extreme conditions capability of fast data processing and modeling information and preparation strategiesautomated protection systems

The functions of a Seismic Alert Management The functions of a Seismic Alert Management System can be is related to two different System can be is related to two different phases of an event:phases of an event:early warning : 10-20 seconds after the main shock the system should predict the ground motion intensity, evaluate the epicentre and provide dissemination of information.

post (near) event warning: 100-200 seconds after the main shock, the decision support system should address a preliminary scenario based on spatial interpolation of ground motion and then a detailed scenario, based on simulation of simplified source/propagation models.

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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 7June 20, 2011

The project The project contextcontext

Integrated, broadband communication system for natural hazards emergencies management, including early warning methods

The main goal of SIT_MEW Project is to develop an integrated system The main goal of SIT_MEW Project is to develop an integrated system for emergencies management in case of natural disasters (seismic for emergencies management in case of natural disasters (seismic and volcanic) located in Campania Region, a seismically and volcanic and volcanic) located in Campania Region, a seismically and volcanic active area.active area.

In particular, the attention is focused on the issues concerning risk assessment and mitigation, early warning (EW) methodologies and post-event support activities.

SIT_MEW is based on data coming both from an existing seismic network located within the study area (ISNet, Irpinia Seismic Network) and it will improve an hybrid EWS.


Signal to the

Network stations

Seismic Network

Epicentre

Main control Centre

Event Propagation

(5.5km/sec)

Trasmission system

Sensors measuresAlarm

Trasm

ission sy

stem

Prototype of an hybrid Earthquake Early Prototype of an hybrid Earthquake Early Warning System Warning System


The kernel of the operating centre is a decision support system (DSS) that should enable the operators to make decisions and to disseminate early warning through a broadcasting system. The OC is supported by a

GIS systemGIS system that represents and performs the geographical information related to real time and near real time phases and the event source and analyses in few minutes the expected damages on structures and buildings.

The System proposed:The System proposed:

An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 June 20, 2011 10

SIT_MEWSIT_MEW Operating Centre Operating Centre Architecture Architecture

Data collection tools

Data operations tools

Data representation tools

GIS TOOLS COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS


GIS logical architecture: schemaGIS logical architecture: schema

Operating Centre

Geodatabase Module

Quantum GISPostgreSQL/PostGIS

WebGIS Client

MapServer

WebGIS Module

GIS Modulo

SCENARIO (Epicentre & Magnitude)

InternetIntranet

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Expected DamageScenarios

Expected DamageScenarios


GIS ModulesGIS Modules

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GIS developed by using free/open source software (FOSS). It consists in the following modules:

• GeoDatabase module (PostgreSQL/PostGIS)

• GIS module (QuantumGIS)

• WEB-GIS module (MapServer)

Quantum GISQuantum GIS

PostgreSQL/PostGISPostgreSQL/PostGIS

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MapServerMapServer


Spatial analysisSpatial analysis

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GIS spatial analysis procedures and geo-processing operations:

• Description and characterization of the study area (Geodatabase);

• Census Data management;

• Shake maps processing (PGA/IMCS);

• Production of Vulnerability index Iv maps (Census parcel based)

• Map Algebra to elaborate Expected Damage Scenarios;

Results:

• Thematic maps (Iv and Expected damage scenarios) to support the management of near-EW and post-event phases;

• Consultation via intranet/internet to data and maps.

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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 June 20, 2011 14

Data collection and Geodatabase Data collection and Geodatabase population population The Geodatabase Module has been purposely implemented to provide the spatial description of the Campania region and is structured into different logical schemes. Basic GIS Layers (Italian DBPrior10K:

Administrative boundaries, road network, railways, hydrograph, etc ...);

Thematic Maps (hydrology, geomorphology, seismic classification, etc.);

1:25.000 Cartography; Census data (ISTAT, Italian National

Institute of Statistics).

• Geographic location and data of ISNet seismic sensors;

• PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration) distribution maps;

• Data from parametric catalogue of damaging earthquakes in Italy (INGV).


Data operations tools, GIS module (QuantumGIS)

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The GIS Module, in direct connection with Geodatabase Module, is devoted to process geographical data and spatial information. By means of spatial analysis procedures and geo-processing operations, this module provides a complete and up-to-date description of the study area and, as final result, the maps of expected damage.

[Sabetta and Pugliese, 1996)]

sSeSehRcbMaY 2112/122

1010 )(log)(log

[Decanini et al.,1995]

Y the parameter to evaluate, the PGA for this case study

M (local) the magnitude

R the distance


Vulnerability index IV

Vulnerability indices for building typologies and construction age over the study area

Vulnerability index modifiers depending of number of storeys and construction age

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Maps of expected damage

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By means Map Algebra operations, it has been possible to create the final expected damage maps.

The variables represent the simulated PGA with certain epicentre coordinates and local magnitude ML.


WEB GIS Applications, WEB GIS Applications, MapServerMapServer

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The primary goal of the WEB-GIS Module is to make geographic data and thematic maps available to specific end-users and, potentially, to the public. The application allows the end-user to view spatial data within a web browser, without a specific GIS Desktop software. This Module provides interactive query capabilities and integrates the GIS solutions with other technologies.

An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 Guidonia, 16 Giugno 2011 1919

An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 Guidonia, 16 Giugno 2011 2020


ConclusionsConclusions and and future developmentsfuture developments

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An innovative open source GIS system has been

investigated and developed as integrated component of

the seismic EWS;

A local GIS application for analyzing and modelling the

seismic event and its impacts and supporting post-event

emergency management;

A new WEB-GIS module for sharing the geo-information

among the public and private stakeholders has been

proposed;

In perspective, multi-source data and GIS integrated

analysis can contribute to a better emergency planning;

A interactive DSS based on GIS approach could support

the public government to address in the near post-event,

activities.

An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency Management

Technology

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