An Introduction to the Odyssey - New Providence School ... · An Introduction to the . Odyssey [End...
Transcript of An Introduction to the Odyssey - New Providence School ... · An Introduction to the . Odyssey [End...
An Introduction to the Odyssey
“Sing in me, Muse, and through me tell the storyof that man skilled in all ways of contending, . . .”
An Introduction to the Odyssey
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The Odyssey is a tale of_____________________
______________________________________.
An Introduction to the Odyssey
But, it is also the story of __________________
_________ and of a ______________________
_______________________________________.
_______ provides the background for Odysseus’s story and tells the tale of a ten-year war fought outside the walls of Troy. In Homer’s Iliad
The War-Story Background
The ___________________________________.
• the people of Troy are fighting an alliance of Greek kings because the world’s most beautiful woman,__________, abandoned her husband, __________________ and ran off with ______
__________________.
Troy was located in what is now Turkey.
The War-Story Background
The Iliad provides the background for Odysseus’s story and tells the tale of a ten-year war fought outside the walls of Troy. In Homer’s Iliad
The War-Story Background
the Greeks_________,___________________,
and butchered all the inhabitants, except for those ________________________________.
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Odysseus is not a typical________. He is faced with
Odysseus: A Hero in Trouble
• __________________
• ___________________
• ____________________
______________________
Epic Hero
In Homer’s time, epic heroes
Odysseus: A Hero in Trouble
• _____________________________________
_______________________________________
• _____________________________________
• _____________________________________
Before the Trojan War, Odysseus
Odysseus: A Hero in Trouble
• Married ________________
________________________• had one son, ____________
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Odysseus: A Hero in TroubleWhen called to serve in the Trojan War, Odysseus
• pretended to be ______
_______________(he______ ____________, plowed his field, and __________________)
• revealed his sanity to _______________ (who was placed in front of the plow)
The Wooden-Horse TrickDuring the Trojan War, Odysseus
• Performed ____________________________
_______________________________________
• thought of the _______________________ that lead to the defeat of Troy
The Wooden-Horse Trick• Odysseus’s plan was to build an enormous
wooden horse and hide Greek soldiers inside.
• The horse was left outside the gates of Troy, and the Greeks “abandoned” their camp.
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The Wooden-Horse Trick• The Trojans thought the horse was a peace
offering and brought it into the walled city.
• At night, the men hidden in the horse came out and opened the gates to the entire Greek army.
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The Ancient World and Ours• Odysseus’s world is ________,________, and
____________.
• The “__________” that he and his men raid might have been nothing more than _______ and_______________________.
• The “____________” they carry off from town might have been only_____________, ______ and ___________.
A Search for Their Places in LifeThe Theme of the Odyssey
Odysseus and his family are searching for
• the _______________ with ___________ and
_________________________
• their____________________
A Search for Their Places in LifeThe Structure of the Odyssey
The story begins with Telemachus, Odysseus’s son. Telemachus is searching for his father because he
• ____________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
• _____________________________________
_______________________________________
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A Search for Their Places in LifeThe Structure of the Odyssey
Readers learn that Odysseus
• Is___________________, longing to get home
• has been gone for ______________ - he has spent _______________ and _____________
_______________________
• is in the middle of “______________” and searching for _____________
Relationships with GodsIn Homer’s stories, a god can be an ___________
________________________________________.
• Odysseus is known for his ________________, so he receives aid from ________
____________________.
• Odysseus can also be ______
_____________. Odysseus’s nemesis is ____________
___________ who is known for arrogance and brutishness.
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Relationships with GodsMyths in the Odyssey
Greek ________ plays an important role in the Odyssey.
• Homer is concerned with the ______________
_____________________________________.
• For Homer,________________________, including ______________________.
Relationships with GodsMyths are traditional stories, rooted in a particular culture, that usually explain a belief, a ritual, or a mysterious natural phenomenon.
• Myths are essentially religious because they are concerned with the relationship between human beings and the unknown or spiritual realm.
Epics are ______________________ that tell of the _________________________ who in some way ___________________________________.
Epics and Values
More about Epics
• The Greeks used Homer’s epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, to ______________________.
More About Epics
Epics use _______________ and a serious tone and often include ______________
,_________,_________, and__________.
Epics and Values
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Epics and ValuesThe Epic Tradition
All epic poems in the western world owe something to the basic patterns established in Homer’s epics.
• The Iliad is the primary model for an epic of war.
• The Odyssey is the model for an epic of the long journey.
Epics and ValuesJourney
The ____________________ is found in many stories in western literature, including
• fairy tales
• novels, such as The Incredible Journey, Moby- Dick, and The Hobbit
• movies, such as The Wizard of Oz and Star Wars
Epics and other tales were probably told by wandering bards or minstrels called_____________. _______________ were
The Telling of Epics
• The__________,__________, and __________of their time
• responsible for spreading news about ___________ or ______________,_____, and ___________________
Epics were originally told aloud.
The Telling of Epics
• They followed basic story lines and incorporated
________________________.• Most of the words were improvised to fit a
particular __________________.
• Epics included ____________________ that compare ____________________________
___________________________________.
Formulaic Descriptions
Formulaic descriptions gave the singer time to think ahead to the next part of the story. The oral storyteller had formulas for
The Telling of Epics
• the arrival and greeting of guests, eating of meals, and taking of baths
• describing the sea (“wine-dark”) and Athena (“gray-eyed Athena”)
Homeric, or Epic, Similes
• In the Iliad, the singer uses a Homeric simile to describe how Athena prevents an arrow from striking Menelaus.
The Telling of Epics
She brushed it away from his skin as lightly as when a mother
Brushes a fly away from her child who is lying in sweet sleep.
Epics such as the Iliad and Odyssey were probably told _________________________________.
The Telling of Epics
• Singers might have summarized part of the tales, depending on how long they stayed in one community.
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No one knows for sure who Homer was.
Homer
• Later Greeks believed he was______________
__________________, from the island of Chios.• One scholar suggests Homer
was a __________ because ________________ played such an important role in his stories.
• Some scholars think there were two Homers. Some think he was just a legend. [End of Section]
The End