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An Introduction toAn Introduction to

Ion-OpticsIon-Optics

Series of Five LecturesJINA, University of Notre DameSept. 30 – Dec. 9, 2005

Georg P. Berg

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The LectureThe LectureSeriesSeries

11stst Lecture: 9/30/05, 2:00 pm: Definitions, Formalism, Examples Lecture: 9/30/05, 2:00 pm: Definitions, Formalism, Examples

22ndnd Lecture: 10/7/05, 2:00 pm: Ion-optical elements, properties & design Lecture: 10/7/05, 2:00 pm: Ion-optical elements, properties & design

33rdrd Lecture: 10/14/05, 2:00 pm: Real World Ion-optical Systems Lecture: 10/14/05, 2:00 pm: Real World Ion-optical Systems

44thth Lecture: 12/2/05, 2:00 pm: Separator Systems, Part 1 Lecture: 12/2/05, 2:00 pm: Separator Systems, Part 1

55thth Lecture: 12/9/05, 2:00 pm: Separator Systems, Part 2 Lecture: 12/9/05, 2:00 pm: Separator Systems, Part 2

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44thth Lecture Lecture

• Faint radiation near the sun – an analogy (4 – 5)• Concept of magnetic & electric separation (6 – 8)• Magnetic separation in 0o experiments in spectrometers (9 – 11)• Preview Lecture 5 (12)

44thth Lecture: 12/2/05, 2:00 pm Lecture: 12/2/05, 2:00 pmSeparator Systems, Part 1 Separator Systems, Part 1

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Solar EclipseSolar EclipseCoronagraphCoronagraph

Solar Eclipse 1999Shadow of moon of Earth SOHO, large angle

Observing faint radiation near the sun:Observing faint radiation near the sun:

An analogy for observing nuclear An analogy for observing nuclear particles close to the beamparticles close to the beam

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The Chromosphere The Chromosphere of the Sun in Hof the Sun in H

Hline, = 656.28nm

= 0.07nm Narrow Band Filter

Magnetic & Electric Separation in a Dipole FieldMagnetic & Electric Separation in a Dipole Field

(1) Felec = qE

Fmagn = qvB

(1a)

(1b)

Fcentr = mv2/Centripetal Force

T = mv2/Kinetic Energy (non-

relativistic)

(28)

(29)

= mv/qMagnetic

rigidity = mv2/qElectric rigidity

Observing close to the BeamObserving close to the Beam

Magnetic and Electric Separation in a Dipole FieldMagnetic and Electric Separation in a Dipole Field

(32)

(31)

(30)

Magnetic Separation: FMagnetic Separation: Fmagnmagn = F = Fcentrcentr

m/q = C1 (T/q ) –1 with C1 = (B)/2

Electric Separation: FElectric Separation: Felecelec = F = Fcentrcentr

T/q = C2 with C2 = (E)/2

Wien Filter: FWien Filter: Felecelec = F = Fmagnmagn

m/q = C3 T/q with C3 = 2/v2

v = E/B with E (19)

Magnetic and Electric Separation in a Dipole FieldMagnetic and Electric Separation in a Dipole Field

m/q =

C 1 (T

/q )

T/q

=

C2

m/q = C3 / (T/q)

Mass/charge m/q

Energy/charge T/q>

^

Ref: D. Catana et al, Report WP10 IDRANAP 15-01/2001

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Magnetic (BMagnetic (B Separation Separation

of Beam & Reaction Productsof Beam & Reaction Products

in Spectrometer Experiments in Spectrometer Experiments

near 0 near 0oo

K600, Grand Raiden Spectrometers:

(3He,t), (p,t), (,’), (p,p’), (,8He)

Special Faraday cups to stop beam

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K600 K600 SpectrometerSpectrometer

(IUCF)(IUCF)

The K600 is shown in0o Transmission modefor inelastic scatteringat 0o

High Dispersion PlaneB(D1) > B(D2)

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Grand Raiden High Resolution SpectrometerGrand Raiden High Resolution Spectrometer

Dipole for in- plane spin component

Faraday cup for (3He,t): B(t) ~ 2*B(3He) (p,t): B(t) ~ 1.7*B(t)

←

←

Grand Raiden is shown in0o Transmission modefor reactions at 0o

Reaction Products 6He, 8He, t

Faraday cupfor (,8He,), or ,6He,) B(6,8He) ~ 1.1 – 1.25 B()

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Preview 5Preview 5thth Lecture Lecture

• A “no-field” separation method: the Wedge • Gas-filled separators • Fragment separator, inverse kinematics, TRImP• Recoil separators• St. George

Preview:

55thth Lecture: 12/9/05, 2:00 pm Lecture: 12/9/05, 2:00 pmSeparator Systems, Part 2 Separator Systems, Part 2

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End Lecture 4End Lecture 4