Altimeters Team 7: K. ChristianM. Jones R. LupinskiI. McCall T. Thomas.
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Transcript of Altimeters Team 7: K. ChristianM. Jones R. LupinskiI. McCall T. Thomas.
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AltimetersTeam 7:
K. Christian M. JonesR. Lupinski I. McCallT. Thomas
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Overview Introduction Types of Altimeters
Applications Barometric Altimeters
Advantages/Disadvantages Our Project
A Peek Inside Our Altimeter ATD Conversion The Bigger Picture
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IntroductionWhat is an altimeter?
Altimetry (Latin: altus- , “height”)
+ (Greek: -metron, “measurement”)
Instrument/Device that measures height or altitude, from a fixed level (usually the ground)
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What’s the significance?
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Common Applications
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Altimeter Types: GPSGlobal Positioning System
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GPS Trilateration
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Altimeter Types: Active Remote SensingRADAR Radio waves transmitted to ground,
reflection time determines altitude
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Active Remote Sensing:LiDAR
Light Distancing And Ranging Combines a
laser’s focus with radar distancing
Laser adds detailed scanning
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LiDAR Applications
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Barometric Measures altitude
by means of measuring air pressure
Relationship between altitude & air pressure
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Disadvantages
Radar Requires extra
licensing Actively
transmitting on FCC frequencies $10,000 fines 1 year imprisonment
FCC
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Disadvantages
LiDAR Expensive Location on our
rocket? Needs to point
down
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Disadvantages
GPS Real-time
measurement confinements Governmental Target’s Acceleration
Generally less accurate than barometric
?
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Why barometric?
Advantages Independence Accuracy Cheap Ease of
implementation
Drawback Recalibration with
varying temperature
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MPXM2102 Altimeter Piezoresistive sensor Differential pressure
& linear voltage output
Silicon diaphragm with strain gauge
Sensitivity ratio metric to supply voltage.
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Piezoresistive Sensor Silicon diaphragm
connected to pressure side and vacuum side.
Change in shape of thin-film resistor changes resistivity
Resistance changes output voltage
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Pressure As a Voltage Increasing
pressure on atmospheric side relative to vacuum side increases voltage and vice versa
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Differential output & linearity Ratio metric:
10V source = 40mV Span
3.3V/10V * 40mV = 13.2mV span
Sensitivity ΔV/ΔP Taking the difference of
voltage from atmospheric to vacuum side give voltage corresponding to altitude
Output w/ Vs = 10V
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ADC via MSP430 Using the MSP430, analog voltage
readings from the altimeter can be stored and referenced
These readings can then be compared to a pre-set level Must determine average output voltage
for said level Once MSP430 sees a match, toggles an
output pin, and main parachute deploys
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Example ADC code Similar to in-class Labs Set up ADC10CTL0
For ISR, sampling rate, and reference voltage (among others) Set up ADC10CTL1
To enable analog input pin and repeat-single-channel
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Example ADC code Once ADC is activated, conversions results are
stored in ADC10MEM Use if statement in a while(1) loop for actual
comparing of data
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Block Diagram
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Electronics Bay (E-Bay)
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Final Product DUAL PARACHUTE
deployment system Altimeter deploys main
parachute Has two stage parachute
deployment system Incorporates electronic
deployment trigger Height: 4-15 feet We will be using a G-
class motor w/o ejection charge