All About Contraception

Vocabulary Fertilization- The process by which a sperm

and an egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life.

Zygote- The genetic material of the egg and sperm combine to form one cell.

Embryo- A developing human from fertilization through the first 8 weeks of development.

Implantation- The embryo becomes embedded in the uterine wall.

Vocabulary continued….. Placenta- Blood vessel-rich organ that forms in the

mother’s uterus that provides nutrients and oxygen to a developing human, along with removing waste.

Fetus- A developing human in it’s ninth week of development until delivery.

Dilation- The first stage of childbirth when the uterus contracts, which causes the cervix to dilate or open up.

Expulsion- The second state of childbirth when the baby’s head fully emerges and the shoulders rotate.

Placental- The third state of childbirth that begins after the baby is delivered and ends once the uterus expels the placenta (aka afterbirth)

Birth Control

Birth Control Abstinence

Refraining from intercourse May include sexual behaviors as well

Fertility Awareness Studies pattern of temperature and vaginal discharge Couple avoids intercourse during fertile weeks. VERY DIFFICULT!! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfboOt1bJcA

Withdrawal VERY DIFFICULT!!! Man pulls out before he ejaculates.

Combining two methods Does not work with two condoms Couple follows the directions for each of the methods

Birth Control cont… Female Condoms

Soft, loose-fitting pouches with flexible plastic rings Effective for up to 8 hours (taken out immediately after

intercourse)

Male Condoms Pre-lubrication will prevent tearing Single use, catches sperm during ejaculation

Diaphragms Soft Rubber cups fitting over the cervix. Should be worn for no longer than 24 hrs.

Hormonal Methods “The Pill” “The Shot” “Emergency Contraceptives” “The Ring” The Patch

Birth Control Cont… The Implant

Placed in a woman’s upper arm under the skin Prevents pregnancy for up to 3 years.

Spermicides Gel, cream, foam, film, suppository or tablet OTC, inserted far up into the vagina to kill sperm that made

it to the vagina.

The Sponge Soaked in spermicidal foam Inserted into the vagina over the cervix.

IUD (Intra Uterine Device) Plastic containing copper or hormones Placed in the uterus (copper lasts 10 years, hormonal lasts

5) Copper makes cervix harder to navigate through Hormonal IUD works like the pill

Birth Control Cont… Sterilization

Woman- Tubal Ligation Man-Vasectomy Cuts and ties the fallopian tubes or the vas deferens. Permanent

Abstinence

Fertility Awareness

Withdrawal

Combining 2 Methods

Condoms

Male Condom

Female Condom

Diaphragms

How to use:1. Add gel or spermicide.2. Fold in half3. Insert dome side down into

vagina.4. With finger, slide into

place. Should cup over cervix.

Hormonal Method

Implant

Spermicides

The Sponge

IUD

Sterilization