a&kHvr$ ;ru k d ckcHwGef;vSefjcif; - Burma Library...4 ed'gef; ta&S@awmiftm&Swdkuf. jrpf}uD;rsm;teuf...
Transcript of a&kHvr$ ;ru k d ckcHwGef;vSefjcif; - Burma Library...4 ed'gef; ta&S@awmiftm&Swdkuf. jrpf}uD;rsm;teuf...
a&zHk;v$rf;r_udk ckcHwGef;vSefjcif;{&m0wDjrpfay:a&umwmrsm; t}uD;tus,faqmufvkyfjcif;tay:
a'ocHvlxku qef@usiftHwkjcif;?
2009 ckESpf atmufwdkbmvwGif xkwfa0onf?
Tta=umif;ESifhywfoufI ydkrdkod&dSvdkygu aus;Zl;jyKI www.burmariversnetwork.org
wGif zwf&_Ekdifygonf?
qufoG,f&ef - [email protected]
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KDNG . owif;pum;
ucsifjynfe,fol jynfe,fom;rsm;. uGef,ufwckjzpfaom rdrdwdk@ ucsifvlr_zGH@òzd;a&;
uGef,uftzGJ@ (Kachin Development Networking Group) taejzifh w&kwftpdk;&ydkif
w&kwfpGrf;tif&if;ESD;ðryfESHr_ESifh jrefrmppftpdk;& yl;aygif;I {&m0wDjrpfay:ESifh jrpfvufwuf}uD;
ESpfckwGif a&umwm (7) ck wnfaqmufrnfh pDrHudef;udk pOfquf rjywfapmihf=unfh aecJh&m/ 2007
ckESpfwGif Damming the Irrawaddy tpD&ifcHpmudk xkwfa0cJhonf? xdktpD&ifcHpmwGif
‚if;a&umwmrsm; aqmufvkyfrnfh a'otwGif; jynfolrsm;ESifh obm0ywf0ef;usifqdkif&m
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a'orsm;tm; &Sif;vif;&ef jynfolaygif; 15000 ausmftm; twif;t"rRa&$@ajymif;jcif;
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4
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xm;onfhtjyif ajrivsifv_yfvG,faom a'owcktjzpfvnf; owfrSwfxm;ygonf?
odk@ygvsuf w&kwfEdkifiHydkif w&kwfpGrf;tif&if;ESD;ðryfESHr_ aumfydka&;&Sif;onf jrpfqHkae&mESifh
jrpfnmzufykdif;wGif a&umwm (7) ck aqmufvkyf&ef jyifqif&mwGif TjrpfqHk
a&umwmrSm {&m0wDjrpfr}uD;wGif yxrOD;qHk; aqmufvkyfonfh a&umwmjzpfonf?
jrefrmppftpdk;&ESif yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufaom ,if;ukr̀%Donf a'ocHjynfolrsm;. tjyif;
txef pdk;&drfjcif;rsm;ESifh yGifhyGifhvif;vif; xkwfazmf uef@uGufr_rsm;&Sdaeonfh =um;uyif
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pDrHudef;qdkif&m tcsuftvufrsm;
a&umwm (7) ck
{&m0wDjrpfray:wGif a&umwmwck ESifh arc ESifh rvdcjrpfrsm;ay: Y (ajryHkwGif =unfhyg?)
a&umwm 6 ck wnfaqmufrnfjzpfonf? &&Sdvmaom "gwftm;udk
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"gwftm; r*~g0yf 3600 tm; xkwfvkyfEdkifonf?
{&d,m tus,ft0ef; pwk&ef;rdkifaygif; 766 rdkifcef@ a&zHk;v$rf;Edkifonf?
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pDrHudef;udkaygif;pyfvkyfudkifolrsm;
w&kwfEdkifiHpGrf;tif&if;ESD;ðryfESHr_aumfydka&;&Sif; (CPI)at;&Sm;a0g ukr`%D
jrefrmppftpdk;& (EdkkifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifhzGH@ðzd;wdk;wufa&;aumifpD)
t"du pdk;&drfylyefcsufrsm;
jynfol 15000 cef@ aexdkifonfh &Gmaygif; 60 ausmf ‚if;wdk@. qENrygbJ ytwif;t=uyf ajymif;a&$@cHawmhrnfh tajctaeodk@a&muf&dSaeonf? xdkodk@
twif;t"rRajymif;a&$@jcif;a=umifh tvkyftudkif&&Sdjcif; ESifh ajr,mtay:
yÉdyuQrsm;jzpfjcif; tygt0if rsm;pGmaom vlr_a&;qdkif&m jy\emrsm;
jzpfay:apEkdkifonfhtjyif tdrfeD;em;csif;wdkif;jynfrsm;odk@ a&$@ajymif;tvkyf
vkyfudkifjcif;ESifh vlukeful;r_rsm; ydkrdkwdk;rsm;vmapEdkifonf? txl;ojzifh
trsKd;orD;rsm;tay: odk@oufa&mufr_rsm; ydk&dSvmrnfjzpfonf?
jrefrmppfwyft&m&dSrsm;ESifh CPI 'kwd,OuUX Zhang Xiaolu wkd@ {&m0wDjrpfqkH
a&umwmokd@ pufwifbmv 2009 ckESpfwGif oGm;a&mufavhvmaepOf
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a&umwmrSxkwfvkyf&&dSaom v#yfppf"gwftm;trsm;pkudk w&kwfEdkifiHodk@ wifydk@ ya&mif;csrnf jzpfonf? jrefrmEdkifiHY tjcm;a&tm;v#yfppf"gwftm;xkwfvkyfa&;
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jrpfatmufzuf a&aeouf&dS wnf&dSr_pepfrsm;tay: xdcdkufr_rsm;&dSvdrfhrnf
7
CPI Vice President Zhang Xiaolu gets a briefing from Burmese military officers
jzpfonf? xdkae&mrSm aysmufuG,fvkeD; {&m0wDvif;ydkifrsm; aexkdifonfh
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8
aemufqHk;tajctae
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ESifh w&kwfEdkifiH pGrf;tif&if;ESD;ðryfESHr_aumfydka&;&Sif; OuUX rpPwm vlZifa[mif (Lu Quzhou) wdk@onf jrefrmEkdifiH. a&tm;v#yfppfxkwfvkyfa&; taumiftxnfazmf
aqmif&Gufjcif;XmeESifh CPI t=um; em;vnfr_pmc|efv$mudk oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xdk;
cJhonf? xdkoabmwlpmcsKyfrSm “{&m0wDjrpfqHk jrpfnma'oESifh arc/ rvdca'otwGif;
a&tm;v#yfppf"gwftm; xkwfvkyfa&;/ vnfywfa&;ESifh ay;ydk@a&; vkyfief;rsm;” twGuf
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armifat;onf Zlvdkif 19 &ufae@wGif csKyfqdkaom CPI . oabmwlpmcsKyf t+yD;
{&m0wDjrpfqHka'oodk@ oGm;a&muffcJha=umif; od&Sd&onf? xdk@tjyif pufwifbm 20
&ufae@wGif CPI 'kOuUXwOD;jzpfaom Zhang Xiaolu/ jrefrmppftpdk;&. pGrf;tif
0ef}uD;Xme 0ef}uD;ESifh ppfwyft&m&dS}uD;rsm; qnfwnfaqmuf&m ae&modk@
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jrefrmppfwyft&m&dSrsm;u CPI 'kwd,OuUX Zhang Xiaolu udk
pDrHudef;tajcðyyHkpHZ,m;rsm; &Sif;vif;jyaepOf
9
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rsm;twGuf tdrfwvHk; yg&dSonf? CPI ESifh at;&Sm;a0gtwGuf qufoG,fa&;Xme
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pDrHudef; ykHpH
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jzpfonf? w&kwfEdkifiH. ,cif EkdifiHawmfpGrf;tifaumfydka&;&Sif;. w&m;0if pD;yGm;a&;
wpdwfwa'otjzpf CPI udk wnfaxmifcJhjcif; jzpfonf? w&m;0ift&if;tESD;
tar&duefa':vm 1.57 bDvD,HESifhtwl EkdifiHawmfrS CPI tm; &if;ESD;ðryfESHr_
prf;oyftzGJ@tpnf;wcktjzpf twnfðyI CPI onf EkdifiHawmfOD;ydkif aumfydka&;&Sif;
wcktjzpf EdkifiHawmf aumifpD. oabmwlcGifhðycsufudk &&dSxm;onf? CPI onf
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aps;uGuf pm&if;0ifaom wOD;wnf;ydkif ukr`%Drsm;vnf;&dSonf? 2007 ckESpf
tapmydkif;wGif CPI . awmifydkif;Xme cGJrS jrefrma&tm;v#yfppfxkwfa&;XmecGJwck
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jrefrmEdkifiHpGrf;tif0ef}uD;Xme tygt0if ppfwyf
tm%mydkifrsm;u a&umwm (7) ckrS &&dSvmrnfh
v#yfppf"gwftm;rsm;udk jrefrmEkdifiHtwGif;om oHk;pGJ
rnf[k ajymqdkae=uaomfvnf; w&kwfbufrS
owif; ay;ydk@csufrsm;ESifh CPI twGif; taxmuf
txm;rsm;u v#yfppf"gwftm;rsm;tm; w&kwfEkdifiH
twGif;odk@ ydk@aqmifrnfjzpfa=umif; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;
azmfjyaeonf? 2007 ckESpf rwfvwGif CPI awmifydkif;XmecGJ. OuUXESifh ,leefpGrf;tifjzef@jzL;a&;
ukr̀%D (w&kwfEdkifiH awmifydkif; pGrf;tif jzef@jzL;a&;
uGef,uf - CSG vufatmuf XmecGJwck) wdk@ awG@qHkum ,if;vkyfief;rS &&dSvm
rnfh v#yfppf"gwftm;rsm;udk ,leef yg0góud;vdkif;rsm;rSwqifh w&kwfedkifiHtwGif;odk@
xyfqifhjyefv$wfay;a&;udk aqG;aEG;cJhonf? xdkaqG;aEG;yGJrsm; tjyD; CPI ESifh w&kwfEdkifiH
awmifydkif;pGrf;tif jzef@jzL;a&;uGef,ufrsm;rS a&umwm(7)ckudk yl;wGJ azmfxkwf&ef
twGuf yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufa&; oabmwlnDcsufwckudk vuf rSwfa&;xdk;cJhonf?
CSG onf w&kwfEkdifiH
awmifydkif;jynfe,f (5) ck
twGuf pGrf;tifjzef@jzL;
ay;onfhtjyif a'owckESifh
wckt=um; v#yfppf"gwftm;ydk@
aqmifay;jcif;ESifh 0,f,ljcif;/
a&mif;csjcif;rsm;twGufvnf;
wm0ef&dSonf?
w&kwfEkdifiHydkifaumfydka&;&Sif;}uD;u a&umwmrsm;twGuf aiGa=u;pdkufxkwf/ yHkpHa&;qGJ
wnfaqmufay;rnfjzpfjyD; xkwfvkyf&&dSaom "gwftm;rsm;udk w&kwfEkdifiHodk@
w&kwfEkdifiHu csrSwfxm;aom rl0g'rsm;ESifhtnD wifoGif; ydk@aqmifrnfjzpfonf?
,leef&Sd yg0góud;vkdif;
12
ESifxkwfjcif; - trdef@ESifh “oabmwlnDcsuf”
2009 ckESpf =o*kwfv 5 &ufae@wGif usdefc&efaus;&Gm (jrpfqHka&umwm.
awmifzufjcrf;/ jrpfatmufzuf 6 rdkiftuGmwGif wnf&dSonf?) rS &Gmom;rsm;tm;
qifhac:I jrpf}uD;em;òrd@e,fOuUXESifh òrd@e,ftkyfcsKyfa&;&Hk;rS t&m&dSrsm;/ ajr,mXmeESifh
at;&Sm;a0g ukr`%DrS t&m&dSrsm;ESifh tpnf;ta0; ðyvkyfcJhonf? xdktpnf;ta0;Y
&Gmom;rsm;tm; rdom;pkwdkif; xdk&GmrS ajymif;a&G@ ay;&rnf/ xdk@odk@ ajymif;a&$@onfh
twGuf avsmfa=u;rsm;ay;rnf[k ajym=um;cJhonf? t&m&dSrsm;onf 2009 ckESpf
odk@aomf Ta&umwmpDrHudef;rsm;onf w&kwfEkdifiHu csrSwfxm;aom pHcsdefpH!$ef;
rsm;udk vdkufemjcif;r&dSay? w&kwfpHcsdefpH!$ef;rsm;wGif qef;ppfavhvmjcif;/
oufa&muf r_'%f cH&rnfh jynfolrsm;ESifh wdkifyifaqG;aEG;jcif;ESifh yDjyifaom
jyefvnfae&mcsxm;jcif; tpDtrHrsm; yg0ifonf? ‚if;jynfwGif; pHcsdefpH!$ef;rsm;tjyif
w&kwfEkdifiH. EdkifiHawmf aumifpD. “EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;ðryfESHr_rsm; tm;ay;jcif;ESifh
pHowfrSwfjcif;qdkif&m rl0g' (9) &yf”u “tjyeftvSefav;pm;r_”/ “a'ocH aexdkif
oufarG;r_rsm;tm; axmufyHhr_” ESifh “obm0ywf0ef;usif umuG,fa&;twGuf
tm&Hkpdkufr_”udk awmif;qdkxm;onf?
wefzJaus;&Gmokd@ a&muf&Sdvm=uaom tm%mykdifrsm;ESifh ppfwyfzGJ@rsm;
13
1? wefzJ/ usdefc&ef/ tif*spf/ tifqGef/ vz/ v&ef/ aemif+cdrf;/ tif*ef; tygt0if aus;&Gmrsm;pGmwGif
,if;vkyfief;pwifae+yDjzpfonf?
a&}uD;r_ tE W&m,fóuHawG@&rnfh usdefc&efaus;&Gm&Sd a&mfbmESifh pyg;pdkufcif;rsm;
pufwifbmvrS pI wpftdrfwuf wpftdrfqif; oGm;a&mufum tdrfydkif&Sifrsm;tm;
&GmrS xGufcGmay;&ef oabmwla=umif; pmcsKyfwGif twif;t=uyf vufrSwfa&;xdk;cdkif;cJh
onf? &Gmaygif; 60 tm; ajcmufvtwGif; twif;t"rR a&$@ajymif;jcif;udk 2009 ckESpf
atmufwdkbmvwGif pwifrnfjzpfonf?
usdefc&ef aus;&GmwGif vlOD;a& 350 cef@aexdkifae+yD; trsm;pkrSm v,form;rsm; jzpf=u
onf? xdkaus;&GmwGif vGefcJhaom ESpfaygif; 20 ausmfuwnf;u pdkufysKd;xm;aom a&mfbm
pdkufcif; {u2000/ opfoD;pHk pdkufcif; {u 300 ESifh vdarRmfjcH {u 200 &dSonf?
avsmfa=u;ay;aom vkyfenf;pOf toGiftjzpf rsufESmzHk;pGyfxm;aom
twif;t"rR a&$@ajymif;r_
jrpfqHka&umtwGuf vrf;a=umif;azmufvkyf&efESifh a&zHk;v$rf;ZHkwnfaqmufEdkifa&; twGuf
jynfolvlxk 15000 cef@tm; twif;t"rR a&$@ajymif;jcif;udk 2009 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv
wGif pwifrnfjzpfonf? vltrsm;tm; &GmrS w&m;0if ESifxkwf Edkifatmif avsmfa=u;
ay;aom vkyfenf;pOftoGif oHk;I óud;yrf;vkyfaqmif aeyHk&onf? vuf&dStajctae
wGif at;&Sm;a0gukr`%DrS t&m&dSrsm;onf &Gmom;rsm;tm; aemiftcsdefumv wckY
avsmfa=u;ay;rnfh oabmjzifh olwdk@. ajr{&d,mtus,ft0ef;wdkif;wmjcif;ESifh
ydkifqkdifr_ ypPnf;wefzdk;rsm; “wGufcsufjcif;rsm;” udk pwifvkyfaqmifaeonf? odk@aomfvnf;
rnfonfhae@&ufwGif avsmfa=u;ay;rnf [lI &uftwdtus owfrSwfxm;jcif;r&dS
ao;ay?1 xdkavsmfa=u;ay; vkyfenf;pOfrSm tjypftemtqmrsm;ESifh jynfhESufae+yD;
14
tm%mydkifrsm;u tiftm;oHk;I vkyfaqmifae=uonf?
avsmfa=u;aiG&&dS&eftwGuf ajrydkif&SifwOD;csif;pDY ajr,mydkifqdkifr_ taxmuftxm; y&dS&rnf jzpfonf? odk@aomf vufeufudkifyÉdyuQ ESpfaygif; (50) ausmf jzpfyGm;aeaom
xdkaus;vufa'o&dS jynfoltrsm;pkrSm xdkajrudk tpOftquf tarGqufcHvmolrsm;
jzpfum tpdk;&rS xkwfay;aom w&m;0if ykdifqdkifoljzpfa=umif;azmfjyonfh
pm&Guf pmwrf;rsm; r&dS=uay?
tcsKd@jzpf&yfrsm;wGif taqmuftOD;wefzdk;udkom xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;xm;+yD; yajrwefzdk;udk xnfhoGif;r_ r&dSay?
v,f,majrwGufcsufjcif;rsm;onf t=urf;zsOf;cef@rSef;r_rsm;tay:wGifom ytajccHxm;+yD; {&d,m tus,ft0ef; twdtus wdkif;wmjcif;rsm;r&dSay?
pdkufcif;rsm; (odk@r[kwf) opfoD;jcHrsm; pdkufysdK;xm;aom ajr,mrsm;twGuf ypwk&ef;ay 10 ay wGif opfyifwyiftjzpf owfrSwfay;onf? xkdae&mwGif
opfyifrnfr# pdkufysdK;xm;onfudk xnfhoGif; pOf;pm;jcif;r&dS?
&Gmom;rsm;onf ajrtus,ft0ef;wGufcsufr_/ opfyifta&twGuf wGufcsufr_/ yydkifqkdifr_ ypPnf;wGufcsufr_ rnfodk@yif wdusr_ &dSonf jzpfapumrl/ avsmfa=u;
ay;a&; oabmwl pmcsKyfudk twif;t=uyf vuffrSwfa&;xdk;=u&onf?
ajrcGeft&m&dSwOD;/ aus;&Gmpkt&m&dSESifh ppftpdk;&u ausmaxmufaemufcHay;
xm;aom jynfaxmifpk=uHhcdkifa&;ESifh zGH@òzd;wdk;wufa&;toif;rS t&m&dSrsm;onf
v,f,majr wckcsif;pDodk@ vma&mufum twif; vufrSwf xdk;cdkif;cJh=uonf?
15
eefOD;&Gm&Sd csDazG a&umwm aqmufvkyfa&;
csDazG a&umwmtm; pwifwnfaqmufae
a&umwm (7) ckteuf 'kwd,t}uD;qHk; a&umwmjzpfaom csDazGa&umwmrS r*~g0yf
2000 yg0g xkwfvkyfEkdifrnf[k cef@rSef;xm;onf? a&umwmvkyfuGufonf csDazGòrd@.
q,frdkiftuGm&Sd ref'kH (Mandung) aus;&GmrS arcjrpfay:wGif jzpfonf? 0efxrf;rsm;/
tvkyform;rsm;/ tpdk;&t&m&dSrsm;twGuf taqmuftOD;rsm;ESifh &[wf,mOf
qif;uGif; 2ckudk ref'kH wGif 2008 ckESpf tv,fydkif;Y aqmufvkyfcJhonf?
2008 ckESpf aESmif;ydkif;uwnf;upI enf;ynm&Sifrsm;onf ppfwrf;rsm;aumuf,ljcif;/
erlemyHkpHrsm; aumuf,ljcif;rsm;udk vkyfaqmifae+yD; t"dua&umwmwnfaqmufr_
udk ,cktcsdefwGif pwifaejyD;jzpfonf ("gwfyHkrsm;udk =unfhyg?) jrpfurf;yg;wav#muf
ajrwl;pufrsm;. toHrsm;/ azgufcGJ aygufuGJr_rsm;. toHrsm;u aus;&Gmom;rsm;
twGuf ttdyfysufjcif;paom taESmuft,Sufrsm;jzpfaponf? jrpfa&. t&nftaoG;
onfvnf; tajymif;tvJ jzpfvmonf?
a&umwm (7) ckESpfpvHk; wnfaqmufr_twGuf vdktyfaom "gwftm;udk jznfhqnf;
ay;&ef csDazG acsmif;tay:wGif ti,fpm;a&umwmwckwnfaqmufcJh&m 2007
ckESpf {jyDvwGif pwifcJh+yD;/ xdka&umwm wnfaqmufr_twGuf v,fajr{u
100 ausmf todrf;cHcJh&onf?
16
eefOD;&Gm&Sd csDazG
a&umwm
aqmufvkyfa&;
csDazG
a&umwm.
pHerlemykH
csDazG a&umwm
aqmufvkyfa&;
tvkyform;rsm;.
aetdrfrsm;
17
ckcHH wGef;vSefr_
ppftpdk;&uvkyfaqmifaeaom zGH@òzd;a&;pDrHcsufrsm;udk vGwfvyfpGmaqG;aEG;jcif;/
qef@usifuef@uGufjcif;rsm;onf tvGeftE W&m,f}uD;aomfvnf; ‚if;a&umwm
pDrHudef;rsm;tay: }uD;rm;aom ckcHwGef;vSefr_rsm; &dSaeonf? zrf;qD;cH&r_/ ESdyfpufcH
&r_/ toufqHk;&H_;r_rsm;udk &ifqdkif&zG,f&dSaomfvnf; vlwef;pm; aygif;pHkyg0ifaom &JpGrf;
owWd&SdvSaom ucsifjynfolrsm;u qdk;usKd;ay;rnfh a&umwmrsm;udk uef@uGuf
qef@usifae=uonf?
vltrsm;av;pm;aom acgif;aqmifrsm;rS uef@uGuf
a=umif; tdwfzGifhay;pm
2007 ckESpf arv 21 &ufae@wGif ucsifjynfe,f w0Srf;
òrd@e,frsm;rS vltrsm;=unfndKav;pm;aom ucsifvlrsKd;
òrd@rdòrd@zrsm;ESifh acgif;aqmif 12 OD;u AdkvfcsKyfr–;}uD;
oef;a&$xHodk@ ‚if;pDrHudef;udk &yfwef@ay;&ef awmif;qdk
xm;aom uef@uGufpmwapmifudk ay;ydk@cJhonf?
vlxkqef@usifuef@uGufr_rsm; wdk;jr‡ifhvmaejcif;
vGefcJhaom 2 ESpftwGif; “No Dam ” (a&umwm
tvdkr&Sd) ESifh “No Myitsone” (jrpfqHk udk rxdeJ@)
[laom pmom;rsm;udk òrd@awmfjrpf=uD;em;&dS wHwm;rsm;ESifh tjcm;trsm;jynf
olqdkif&mae&mrsm;wGif aq;r_wfa&;om;xm;onfudk awG@&onf? ucsifjynfe,f
jrpf}uD;em;ðrd@wGif v_yf&Sm;cJhaom a&umwmqef@usifa&; v_yf&Sm;r_ pmwrf;rsm;
18
twGif;&dS csDazG/ jrpf}uD;em;ESifh tjcm;òrd@e,fESifh aus;&Gmrsm;. vlodrsm;aom ae&mrsm;
wGifvnf; a&umwmvkyfief;tay: uef@uGufaom vufurf;pmapmifrsm;uyfxm;jcif;
rsm;vnf; &dScJhonf? r=umao;rDSu a&umwmwnfaqmufjcif;udk qef@usifuef@
uGufaom trsm;jynfol qkawmif;yGJrsm;vnf; ðyvkyfcJh=uonf?
,ckESpf pufwifbmvu aus;&Gmom;rsm;udk usdefc&ef&GmY t&m&dSrsm;ESifh awG@qHk&ef
qifhac:&mwGif ESpf&uf=umtpnf;ta0;odk@ &Gmom;tcsKd@u tusôrygudk,fvHk;ajymif
jzifh wufa&mufcJhonf? &dk;&mtpOf tvm t& av;pm;r_r&Sd[k jyoaom oauFw
jzpfonf? vGefcJhaom atmufwdkbmv 9 &ufae@u ajrmufydkif;wdkif; wdkif;r–;AdkvfcsKyf
pdk;0if;ESifh tpdk;&Xmeqdkif&mrsm; jrpfqHka'ow0dkuf aus;&Gmrsm;rS &Gmom; wpf&mausmfESifh
awG@qHkcJh&m xdkvlxktpnf;ta0;wGif wefzJ aus;&GmrSm trsKd;orD;rsm; tzGJ@tpnf;
u wdkif;r–;tm; aus;&Gmrsm;udk ajymif;a&$@rypf&ef yGifhyGifhvif;vif; arwWm&yfcHcJhonf?
“'DpDrHudef; &yfzdk@ tqifhwdk; awmif;qkdzdk@u ucsifjynfolawGrSm wm0ef&dS
ygw,f? olwdk@uae rawmif; qdkbl;qdk&if olwdk@twGuf tifrwef
}uD;rm;wJh ordkif;aºuG;wifoGm;rSmjzpfygw,f? bma=umifhvJqdkawmh
jrpfqHka'oqdkwm ucsif&dk;&mtarGtepf&J@ ta&;}uD;aom tpdwftydkif;
wckjzpfwma=umifhyg?” (ucsifvlrsKd; w&m;a[mq&m)
2009 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 10 &ufae@u jrpfqHkYusif;ycJhaom qkawmif;yGJwck
19
ajrmufydkif;wdkif;r–;xHodk@ a'ocHtrsKd;orD;u arwWm&yfcHjcif;
2009 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv 9 &ufae@wGif wefzJ aus;&Gm trsKd;orD;tzGJ@
tpnf; u ucsifjynfe,f qdkif&m jrefrm ppfwyfxdyfydkif;t&m&dSxHokd@ vlod
&Sif=um; arwWm&yfcHcsufwck ðyvkyfcJhonf?
usr wefzJaus;&Gm tdrfaxmif&Sifrrsm;udk,fpm; ajymqkdjcif;jzpfygw,f? usrwdk@[m
jrpfqHka'owGif ESpfaygif; &mESifhcsD aexdkifvm=uolrsm;jzpfjyD; txGufwdk;aumif;
aom pdkufysdK;ajrrsm;udkvnf; wnfxm;+yD; jzpfygw,f? Ta'o[m pdkufysKd;a&;
twGuf tvGefaumif;rGefaom ae&mwckjzpf+yD; usrwdk@ pdkufysKd;ajrrsm;uae
oD;ESHrsKd;pHkxGuf&dSygw,f? TpdkufysdK;ajrawG[m 'Duae@ usrwdk@twGuf omruyJ
usrwdk@&J@ tem*gwfrsKd;qufrsm;twGufvnf; jzpfygw,f?
tu,fI usrwdk@ ae&mtopfwckqDudk ajymif;oGm;&r,fqdk&if usrwdk@
twGuf raumif;ygbl;? oD;ESH trsKd;pHkeJ@ txGufaumif;aom pdkufysKd;ajrawG
wnfaxmifzdk@ usrwdk@ ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm tcsdef,l&ygw,f? tJ'DajrawGu
,ckvuf&dS usrwdk@rSm &dSaewJ@ ajr,mawGavmuf aumif;rSm r[kwfygbl;?
usrwdk@ ajymif;a&$@&rJhae&mudk usrwdk@&J@ pdkufysKd;ajrawGudk o,foGm;vdk@
r&ygbl;? usrwdk@ tpm;tpmtm;vHk;udk 0,f,l&rSmjzpfouJhodk@ usrwdk@
uav;awGuvnf; aps;qdkifu usef;rma&;ESifh rnD!$wfaom tpm;tpm
awGudk 0,fpm;&ygvdrfhr,f? usef;rma&;ESifh ynma&;jy\emrsm;twGuf
usrwdk@ pdk;&drfa=umifh=urdygw,f?
usrwdk@ b,fae&mudkrS rajymif;a&$@csifygbl;? usrwdk@&J@ pdk;&drfcsufawGudk
aejynfawmfu pOf;pm;ay;&eftwGuf AdkvfcsKyf}uD;u qufvufowif;
o,faqmifoGm;ay;ygzdk@ txl;arwWm&yfcHtyfygw,f?
20
wefzJ jrpfqHkrS aus;&Gmom;rsm;u ‚if;wdk@&dk;&mtarGtESpfudk umuG,f
apmifha&Smuf=ujcif;
vlOD;a& 1,075 &dSaom wefzJ aus;&Gmonf jrpfqHkwGif wnf&dSI ESpfaygif;w&mausmf
ru wnf&dScJhonfh aus;&Gmw&Gmjzpfonf? &dkrefuufovpfbk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;. t"du
omoemðy bk&m;&dScdk;ausmif;wck tygt0if ordkif;0ifbk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;rsm;pGm
xdk&GmwGif wnf&dSonf?
2004 ckESpfu wefzJ aus;&Gmw&GmvHk;rS a&umwmwnfaqmufjcif;ESifh ywfoufI
‚if;wdk@. pdk;&drfcsufrsm;ESifh xdkwnfaqmufr_udk &yfwef@ay;&eftwGuf ta&;,l
aqmif&Gufay;&efawmif;qdkxm;aom tdwfzGifhay;pmudk ucsiftwdkifyifcH aumifpDESifh
ucsiftypftcwf&yfpJxm;aom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;xHodk@ a&;om;ay;ydk@cJhonf?
,ckESpf atmufwdkbmvwGifvnf; AdkvfcsKyfr–;}uD; oef;a&$ xHodk@ ‚if;a&umwm
wnfaqmufjcif; pDrHudef;udk qef@usifuef@uGufa=umif; tao;pdwfwifjyxm;aom
tdwfzGifhay;pm aemufxyf wapmifudk ay;ydk@cJhonf? ‚if;tdwfzGifhay;pmu TpDrHudef;
rpwifrD a&&Snftm;jzifh oufa&mufrnfh aumif;usKd;/ qdk;usKd;rsm;udk azmfxkwf onfh
qef;ppfavhvmr_rsm; vkyfoifha=umif; t}uHðy onfhtjyif/ a&umwmaqmuf
vkyfjcif;a=umifh qdk;&Gm;pGm ysufpD;qHk;&_H;r_rsm; jzpfEkdifacs&Sda=umif;awG@&Sdygu
pDrHudef;udk csufjcif; &yfwef@ypf&efudk t}uH ðyxm;onf?
“Ta&umwmrS {&m0wD jrpfatmufydkif;&Sd òrd@}uD;
òrd@i,f/ &Gm}uD; &Gmi,frsm;wGif rSDwif;aexdkifolrsm;
toufESifhf pnf;pdrfOpPmrsm;udk zsufqD;ayvdrfhrnf?
aiGyHkay;I0,fr&aom v,f,majrrsm;/ u|JEGm;
wd&p>mefrsm;ESifh ordkif;0if txifu& ae&mrsm;rSm
Ta&umwma=umifh vHk;0 aysmufuG,f
qHk;&_H;oGm;ygawmhrnf? a'ocH rSDwif;aexkdifolrsm;
ESifh aemifvmaemufom;wkd@ tem*gwfrSmvnf;
a&&mr_r&Sd/ a&umwm. wnf&Sdjcif;a=umifh jzpfay:
vmEdkfifonfhh xm0&jcdrf;ajcmufr_ atmufYom
aexkdif touf&Sif &awmhayrnf?”
(wefzJaus;&GmrS AdkvfcsKyfr–;=uD;oef;a&$xH ay;ydk@aom
tdwfzGifhay;pmrS aumufE_wfcsuf)
21
ta&;,laqmif&Gufay;&ef awmif;qdkjcif;
Mr. LU Qizhou OuUX
w&kwfEdkifiH pGrf;tif &if;ESD;ðryfESHr_aumfydka&;&Sif; (CPI) 28 taqmuftOD (3)/ eHygwf.28/ b¾ma&;vrf;/ Xicheng c&dkif/
ab*sif;-w&kwfEdkifiH
ta=umif;t&m - jrefrmEkdifiH/ ucsifjynfe,ftwGif; aqmif&Gufaeaom
a&umwmpDrHudef;rsm;udk &yfwef@ypf&ef awmif;qdkjcif;
2009 ckESpf ZGefv 21 &ufae@wGif w&kwfEkdifiHqdkif&m jrefrmoHtrwf}uD; OD;odef;vGifESifh
oifht=um; “{&m0wDjrpfqHkjrpf0Srf; jrpfnma'oESifh arc/ rvdc a'otwGif; a&tm;
v#yfppf"gwftm; xkwfvkyfa&;/ vnfywfa&;ESifh ay;ydk@a&; pDrHudef;rsm;” qdkif&m
em;vnfr_pmc|efv$m vufrSwfa&;xdk;xm;jcif;ESifh ywfoufI rdrdwdk@ ucsifvlr_zGH@òzd;a&;
uGef,uftzGJ@ (KDNG) onf ,if;pDrHudef;rsm;ESifh ywfoufI pdk;&drfcsufrsm;udk
xkwfazmfjyo&ef/ xdkpDrHudef;rsm;tay: a'ocHjynfolvlxk. }uD;rm;aomuef@uGufrudk
oifod&dSap&efESifh a'ocHjynfolrsm;ESifh oif. ukr`%Dtay:wGif usa&mufEkdifonfh
qdk;usKd;rsm;udk a&Smif&Sm;&eftwGuf xdkpDrHudef;rsm;tm; &yfwef@ ay;&eftwGuf
pma&;om;&jcif;jzpfyg onf? rdrdwdk@onf pkd;&drfylyefaeaom a'ocH jynfolrsm;yg0if
onfh uGef,ufwckjzpfjyD; 2005 ckESpfrSpI ‚if;pDrHudef;ESifh ‚if;. oufa&mufr_
tusKd;qufrsm;udk apmihf=unfh aeaom tzGJ@vnf;jzpfonf?
arcESifh rvdc jrpfrsm;qHk&m jrpfqHkae&mwGif {&m0wDjrpfqHka&umwnf}uD;wck
wnfaqmufr_tay: rdrdwdk@ csufcsif;tm&Hkpdkufvm&onf? txl; pdk;&drfcsufrsm;rSm
atmufyg twdkif;jzpfygonf?
vlr_a&;qdkif&mpdk;&drfcsufrsm; y - &Gmaygif; 60 ausmfonf pepfwus jyefvnf ae&m
csxm;jcif; tpDtpOfr&dSyJ twif;t=uyfajymif;a&$@cHae&onf? jynfolaygif; 15,000
onf v,f,mpdkufysKd;jcif;/ ig;zrf;jcif;/ opfrm r[kwfom opfawmxGufypPnf;&SmazG
jcif; vkyfief;rsm;tygt0if ‚if;wdk@. aexdkif oufarG;r_vkyfief;rsm; qHk;&H_;=uvdrfh
rnfjzpfonf? xdkajymif;a&$@jcif;u tvkyfESifh ajr,mtay: jzpfay:vmrnfh yÉdyuQ
rsm;tygt0if rsm;pGmaom rvdkvm;tyfonfh vlr_a&;jy\emrsm; jzpfay:apEkdkif
onf? xdk@tjyif tdrfeD;em;csif;wdkif;jynfrsm;odk@ a&$@ajymif;tvkyfvkyfudkifjcif;ESifh
22
vlukeful;r_rsm; wdk;rsm;vmapEdkifonf? xdka'otwGif; vuf&dS &dSae+yD;jzpfaom
jy\emrsm; jzpfonfh tvkyfvufrJhjy\em/ rl;,pfaq;0g;oHk;pGJr_jy\emESifh
tdyftdkifAD/ attdkif'Dtufpf jy\emrsm;udk ydkIqdk;0g;oGm;apEdkifonf? txl;ojzifh
trsKd;orD;rsm;tay: oufa&mufr_ &dSvmrnfjzpfonf?
obm0ywf0ef;usifqdkif&mpdk;&drfcsufrsm; y - 766 pwk&ef;rDwm tus,fcef@&dSaom
xdka&avSmifuefu a&umwmtxufydkif;&dS urBmhtay: ºuG,f0qHk; ZD0jzpfpOf
wckudk zHk;v$rf;oGm;rnfjzpfonf? jrpfqHkudk ydwfvdkufjcif;u &moDtvdkuf ig;rsm;a&$@
ajymif;jcif;udk t[ef@twm;jzpfapI ig;ta&twGufESifh ig;trsKd;aygif;rsKd;pHk tay:
wGif oufa&mufr_ &dSvmrnf jzpfonf? xdka&umwmonf jrpfatmufzufwGif
aexdkifaom aysmufuG,fvkeD;jzpfonfh {&m0wDvif;ydkifrsm;. aexdkif&mae&m
udkvnf; oufa&mufr_ &dSvmvdrhfrnfjzpfonf?
aexdkifoufarG;r_qdkif&m pdk;&drfcsufrsm; y - ig;vkyfief;rsm;tay: oufa&mufr_&dSEdkif
onfhtjyif a&umwmonf Ekef;ajrpD;qif;r_udk ydwfap+yD; jrpfa&pD;a=umif;udkvnf;
ajymif;vJoGm;apEkdifojzifh {&mwDjrpfurf;wav#muf pdkufysKd;a&;twGuf tvGef
ta&;=uD;aom jrpfatmufydkif;a'orsm;&dS a&wifajrrsm;qDodk@ obm0a&pD;0ifr_
ESifh ajrqDjzpfxGef;r_udk ysufpD;aprnf? jrpfatmufydkif;&dS jrpf0u|ef;ay:a'oonf
jrefrmEdkifiHqefxkwfvkyfr_. 60 &mcdkifE_ef;eD;yg; xGuf&dSonf?
vHkðcHa&;qdkif&mpdk;&drfcsufrsm; y - a&umwmrsm;onf vHk;0wnf+idrfr_r&dSaom
typf tcwf&yfpJ a'owGifwnf&dSonf? wdkufyGJrsm; jzpfvmygu a'ocH
jynfolrsm;/ pDrHudef;ESifh w&kwfEkdifiHrS 0efxrf;rsm;twGuf tE W&m,f &dSEdkifonf?
a&umwm onf ajrivsifv_yfr_jzpfvG,faom a'owcktwGif; t"dujywfa&G@
a=umif;ESifh uDvdkrDwm (100) tuGmwGif wnf&dSonf? tu,fI a&umwm
aygufusKd;oGm;ygu a&umwm. jrpfatmufzuf uDvdkrDwm 40 tuGmwGifom
wnf&dSaom vlOD;a& 150,000 aexdkifonfh ucsifjynfe,fòrd@awmf
a&v$rf;cH&Edkifonf?
,Ofaus;r_qdkif&mpdk;&drfcsufrsm; y - jrpfqHkonf ucsifvlrsKd;wdk@. p&dkufvuQ%m/
ordkif;a=umif;ESifh wqufwnf;jzpfouJhodk@ wwdkif;jynfvHk;. obm0ESifh ,Ofaus;r_
qdkif&m &wemwckvnf;jzpfonf?
vdkufemjcif;r&dSaom pHcsdefpH!$ef;rsm; y - rnfonfh obm0ywf0ef;usifqdkif&m/
vlr_a&;qdkif&m usef;rma&;qdkif&m avhvmcsuf wckudkr# w&m;0if xkwfazmfjcif;
23
r&dSay? pDrHudef;ESifhywfoufI a'ocHjynfolrsm;ESifh rnfonfhtcgrS aqG;aEG;wdkifyifjcif;
r&dS onfhtjyif vlxkrS pdk;&drfcsufrsm;tm; xkwfazmfajymqdk&eftm; xkwfr_rsm;udk
vnf; OyauQmðyxm;qJjzpfonf? &v'ftjzpf ppfwyf tm%mydkifrsm;.
jcdrf;ajcmuft=uyfudkif twif;t"rR a&$@ajymif;jcif;udk cH&onf? vGwfvyfpGm
apmifh=unfh}uD;=uyfr_rsm;r&dSonfhtjyif wm0efcHr_vkyfief; ,E W&m;rsm;vnf;
r&Sday?
jrpfqHkpDrHudef;. vuf&dStajctaersm;a=umifh w&kwfEdkifiHawmfaumifpD. “EkdifiHjcm;
&if;ESD;ðryfESHr_rsm; tm;ay;jcif; ESifh pHowfrSwfjcif;qdkif&m rl0g' (9) &yf”udk CPI u
vdkufem&ef rjzpfEkdifay? xdkrl0g'rsm;onf obm0ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;apmifha&Smuf
a&;0ef=uD;Xme (MEP) ESifh ukefoG,fa&;0ef=uD;Xme (MOF COM) (odk@r[kwf)
CPI . udk,fydkif aumfydka&;&Sif;qdkif&m vlr_a&;wm0ef&dSr_pHcsdefpH!$ef;rsm;. vufcH
oabmwljcif;udk apmifhqdkif;aeaom vkyfydkifcGifh& vrf;!$efcsufrsm;jzpfonf? w&kwf
EkdifiH. pHcsdefpH!$ef;rsm;onf tdrf&Sif jrefrmEkdifiHxuf ydkI jrifhrm;onf? odk@aomf ,ck
pDrHudef; rSm w&kwfEdkifiH. pHcsdefpH!$ef;rsm;ESifh vHk;0rudkufnDay?
jrefrmEdkifiH&dS zGH@ðzd;a&;pDrHcsufrsm;ESifhtwl ppfwyfwdk;csJ@jcif;ESifh twif;t"rR vkyftm;
ay;cdkif;apr_rsm;/ rk'drf;usifhjcif;rsm;tygt0if vl@tcGifhta&;csKd;azmufr_rsm; wygwnf;
jzpfay:avh&dSonfudk aumif;rGefpGm rSwfwrf;wifxm;jyD;jzpfonf?
jrefrmppftpdk;&u qef@usifuef@uGufr_rsm;tm; onf;cHr_vHk;0r&Sdonfudk vltrsm;
tod jzpfonf? odk@aomf {&m0wDjrpfqHka&umwmESifhywfoufI vlod&Sif=um;
uef@uGufr_rsm;tygt0if a'ocH uef@uGufr_rsm; wpp wdk;rsm;vmaeonf? ucsif
jynfe,ftESH@ òrd@e,frsm;rS vltrsm;av;pm;=unfndKaom òrd@rdòrd@zrsm;ESifh acgif;aqmif
rsm; tygt0ifrS Ta&umwm pDrHudef;tm; &yfwef@ay;&eftwGuf arwWm&yfcHxm;
aom tdwfzGifhay;pmrsm;udk AdkvfcsKyfr–;}uD;oef;a&$xHodk@ydk@I arwWm&yfcHaomfvnf;
,ckwdkif vpfv#L&_ cHae&qJjzpfonf? xdk@a=umifh txufazmfjyyg pdk;&drfcsufrsm;udk
tajccHI rdrdwdk@ KDNG u oifhxH ,ckuJhodk@ arwWm&yfcH&jcif;jzpfonf?
oifhukr̀%D. *k%foduQmudk xdef;odrf;&ef/ ,ckpDrHudef;ESifh qufpyfaom qdk;0g;vSonfh
vl@tcGifhta&; csdK;azmufr_rsKd;pHkwGif vufv#dKyg0ifjcif;udk a&Smif&Sm;Ekdif&eftwGuf/
oifhtaejzifh jrpfqHka&umwmESifh ucsifjynfe,f twGif;wnfaqmufrnfh tjcm;
a&umwmrsm;udk csufcsif;&yfwef@ypf&ef/ jrefrmppftpdk;&ESifh jyKvkyfxm;onfh
&if;ESD;ðryfESHr_rsm;udk jyefvnfxkwfoGm;&ef rdrdwdk@u CPI udk t=uHðy wdkufwGef;vdkuf
ygonf?
24
rdwWL-
rpPwm Hu Chunguang, nd‡E_dif;qufoG,fa&;wm0efcH/ CPI jrefrm XmecGJ
EdkifiHawmfaumifpD
trsKd;om;zGH@ðzd;wdk;wufa&;ESifh ðyjyifajymif;vJa&;aumfr&Sif
obm0ywf0ef;usifumuG,fa&; 0ef}uD;Xme
Yan Xiaofeng, EdkifiHawmfydkifypPnf;rsm;tm;uGyfuJa&;ESifh tkyfcsKyfa&;
EdkifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD;Xme
ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;0ef}uD;Xme
“Ta&umwmaqmufvkyfjcif;a=umifh qdk;&Gm;vSonfh obm0ab;'%f
tE W&m,frsm; jynfolvlxktay: usa&mufrnf udk w&kwf a&tm;v#yfppf
ukr`%Drsm; taejzifh oabmaygufem;vnfEdkifygap [k rdrdwdk@ qkawmif;
ygonf? a'ocH rSDwif;aexkdifolrsm;taejzifh olwdk@bdk;pOfabmifquf
qufcH aexdkifvmonfh TarG;&yfXmaerS rpGef@cGmvdk=uyg?”
(wefzJaus;&GmrS AdkvfcsKyfr–;}uD;oef;a&$xH ay;ydk@aom tdwfzGifhay;pmrS aumufE_wfcsuf)
25
“usaemfwdk@ ucsifjynfolawGu jrpfqHka&tm;v#yfppfpDrHudef;udk
róuduf=uwm uav;awGutp ouf}uD;&G,ftdkawG tqHk;yg?
jrpfqHka'oqdkwm rsKd;quftpOftquf usaemfwdk@ucsifjynfolawG&J@
,Ofaus;r_ESifhordkif;&J@ tpdwftydkif;wckyg? 'gudk umuG,f&ygr,f?
jrpfqHkqdkwm 'DrSmaeaewJh usaemfwdk@ ucsifjynfolawG twGufom
tusKd;jzpfxGef;apwmr[kwfygbl;/ jrefrmEkdifiHtESH@ {&m0wDjrpf&dk;
wav#mufaexdkifae=uwJh jynfolawGtm;vHk;twGufyg tusKd;&dS
apwmyg?” (ucsifvlrsKd; ,Ofaus;r_acgif;aqmif)