AirTAP Fall Forum Airport Lighting Maintenance Oct. 17, 2007 · 2012. 9. 24. · AirTAP Fall Forum...
Transcript of AirTAP Fall Forum Airport Lighting Maintenance Oct. 17, 2007 · 2012. 9. 24. · AirTAP Fall Forum...
AirTAPAirTAP Fall Forum Fall ForumAirport Lighting MaintenanceAirport Lighting Maintenance
Oct. 17, 2007Oct. 17, 2007
University of MinnesotaUniversity of Minnesota
Transportation ResearchTransportation Research
Airport Technical Assistance ProgramAirport Technical Assistance Program
Prepared by:Prepared by:
John SchroederJohn Schroeder
Mn/DOT - AeronauticsMn/DOT - Aeronautics
2
What You Will LearnWhat You Will Learn
Lighting Equipment Examples/SpecsLighting Equipment Examples/Specs
Equipment Installation ProceduresEquipment Installation Procedures
Techniques for Routine MaintenanceTechniques for Routine Maintenance
Techniques for Advanced MaintenanceTechniques for Advanced Maintenance
What Newly Applied Technology is on theWhat Newly Applied Technology is on theMarketMarket
3
Typical Lighting Equipment Typical Lighting Equipment
4
Examples of Light IntensitiesExamples of Light Intensities
MIRL 45 watt white lamp - 125 CandelaMIRL 45 watt white lamp - 125 Candela
HIRL 125 watt quartz halogen - 10,000 HIRL 125 watt quartz halogen - 10,000 CdCd..
REIL strobe light - 10,000 to 20,000 REIL strobe light - 10,000 to 20,000 CdCd. . •• REIL - Runway End Identifier LightREIL - Runway End Identifier Light
Beacon - 50,000 CandelaBeacon - 50,000 Candela
5
FAA GL600-1FAA GL600-1Typical Installation DrawingsTypical Installation Drawings
Provide recommended layouts forProvide recommended layouts forequipment locationequipment location
Provide details for footingsProvide details for footings
Provide details for installation of wiringProvide details for installation of wiring
Provide standards for alignmentProvide standards for alignment
6
Base Can Installation DetailBase Can Installation Detail
7
Stake Mount Installation DetailStake Mount Installation Detail
8
Water Proof Cable Splice DetailWater Proof Cable Splice Detail
9
Guidance Sign Installation DetailGuidance Sign Installation Detail
10
REIL Installation DetailREIL Installation Detail
11
PAPI Footing Installation DetailPAPI Footing Installation Detail
12
VASI Installation Footing DetailVASI Installation Footing Detail
13
ConsultantConsultant’’s Projects ProjectSpecifications and PlansSpecifications and Plans
In The Electrical SectionIn The Electrical Section•• Installation of underground cablesInstallation of underground cables
–– Equipment and MaterialsEquipment and Materials–– Electrical cable, Counterpoise, cable connectionsElectrical cable, Counterpoise, cable connections
–– Construction MethodsConstruction Methods–– Installation of cable in duct or conduitInstallation of cable in duct or conduit
–– Trenching, wire installation & back fillingTrenching, wire installation & back filling
–– Cable plowingCable plowing
–– Cable markersCable markers
–– Splicing & testingSplicing & testing
14
ConsultantConsultant’’s Projects ProjectSpecifications and Plans Cont.Specifications and Plans Cont.
In The Electrical SectionIn The Electrical Section•• Installation of Airport Underground ElectricalInstallation of Airport Underground Electrical
DuctDuct–– Steel ConduitSteel Conduit
–– Plastic ConduitPlastic Conduit
•• Construction MethodsConstruction Methods–– Installing ducts without concrete encasementInstalling ducts without concrete encasement
–– Duct markersDuct markers
–– Back fillingBack filling
15
In The Electrical SectionIn The Electrical Section•• Installation of airport Lighting SystemsInstallation of airport Lighting Systems
–– Insulating tape - Scotch tape Numbers 23 & 88Insulating tape - Scotch tape Numbers 23 & 88
–– Light bases - FAA type L-867Light bases - FAA type L-867
–– Isolation Transformers - FAA type L-830Isolation Transformers - FAA type L-830
–– RetroreflectiveRetroreflective markers markers
–– MIRL, MITL Light Fixtures - L861, L861E, L861TMIRL, MITL Light Fixtures - L861, L861E, L861T
–– Constant Current regulators - L828Constant Current regulators - L828
–– Electrical Vault - L854, S-1 Cutouts, Contactors, etcElectrical Vault - L854, S-1 Cutouts, Contactors, etc
ConsultantConsultant’’s Projects ProjectSpecifications and Plans Cont.Specifications and Plans Cont.
16
Lighting Installation OverviewLighting Installation Overview
Complete runway/taxiway surfacesComplete runway/taxiway surfaces
Survey station locations of all edge lights,Survey station locations of all edge lights,REILS, VASIS or PAPIS, guidance signs,REILS, VASIS or PAPIS, guidance signs,windconewindcone, beacon , duct banks, & markers, beacon , duct banks, & markers
Auger holes for all base or junction cansAuger holes for all base or junction cans
Trench or plow series circuit wires (duct)Trench or plow series circuit wires (duct)
Tamp hole bottoms & install Pea rockTamp hole bottoms & install Pea rock
17
Lighting Installation OverviewLighting Installation OverviewContinuedContinued
Install SONOTUBES around cans & PourInstall SONOTUBES around cans & Pourconcrete surrounds, pads, & all footingsconcrete surrounds, pads, & all footings
Complete trenching to cansComplete trenching to cans
Install wiring to cans- precut and labelInstall wiring to cans- precut and label
Install can covers and light fixturesInstall can covers and light fixtures
Install & align VASI, PAPI, REILS, and signsInstall & align VASI, PAPI, REILS, and signs
Install Install windconewindcone and beacon structures and beacon structures
18
Lighting Installation OverviewLighting Installation OverviewContinuedContinued
Install regulators, Install regulators, panelboardspanelboards, L854 relay, L854 relaycontroller, contactors & S-1 Cutouts in Vaultcontroller, contactors & S-1 Cutouts in Vault
Test systemTest system
Provide spare sets of Inst. & Provide spare sets of Inst. & MaintMaint docs. docs.
PrefinalPrefinal and final inspection and final inspection•• Punch ListsPunch Lists
19
Installation - Base Can AugerInstallation - Base Can Auger
20
Installation - UNIDUCT on RollInstallation - UNIDUCT on Roll
21
Installation - Duct GrabberInstallation - Duct Grabber
22
Installation - Plowing UNIDUCTInstallation - Plowing UNIDUCT
23
Installation - UNIDUCT W/WireInstallation - UNIDUCT W/WirePull Cord at Can HolePull Cord at Can Hole
24
Installation - Plowing WireInstallation - Plowing Wire
25
INSTALLATION - Plowing WireINSTALLATION - Plowing Wire
26
Installation - Trenching to CanInstallation - Trenching to Can
27
Installation - Wiring Installed inInstallation - Wiring Installed inCanCan
28
Installation - Sign FormsInstallation - Sign Forms
29
Installation - Duct LocationInstallation - Duct LocationMarkersMarkers
30
Installation - PAPI at WorthingtonInstallation - PAPI at Worthington
31
Installation - REIL at WorthingtonInstallation - REIL at Worthington
32
Installation - MALS Threshold BarInstallation - MALS Threshold Barat Warroadat Warroad
33
Installation - MALS Station 1000Installation - MALS Station 1000ft. Bar at Warroadft. Bar at Warroad
34
Installations - Gone WrongInstallations - Gone WrongVASI at Redwood FallsVASI at Redwood Falls
35
Installations - Gone WrongInstallations - Gone WrongSign Pad at LongvilleSign Pad at Longville
36
Installations - Gone WrongInstallations - Gone WrongVASI at VASI at HallockHallock
37
Installations - Gone WrongInstallations - Gone WrongLight Base at LongvilleLight Base at Longville
38
Installations - Gone WrongInstallations - Gone WrongLight Base at EvelethLight Base at Eveleth
39
Installations - Gone WrongInstallations - Gone WrongVASI at WarroadVASI at Warroad
40
Installations - Gone WrongInstallations - Gone WrongPAPI at EvelethPAPI at Eveleth
41
Installations - Gone WrongInstallations - Gone WrongREIL footing at AitkinREIL footing at Aitkin
42
REIL Installed too Low to GroundREIL Installed too Low to Ground
Area has poorArea has poordrainagedrainage
Water ponds underWater ponds underREIL and enters cab.REIL and enters cab.
PCA assembliesPCA assembliesCorrodeCorrode
43
TRAILWAY INCURSIONSTRAILWAY INCURSIONS
44
Techniques for RoutineTechniques for RoutineMaintenanceMaintenance
Typical Routine Maintenance IssuesTypical Routine Maintenance Issues•• Lamp replacementLamp replacement
•• Frangible coupling replacementFrangible coupling replacement
•• Lens, lamp, and filter cleaningLens, lamp, and filter cleaning
•• Rodent entry - insulation damageRodent entry - insulation damage
•• Cabinet rust - Cabinet rust - periodically oil theperiodically oil the hinges hinges
•• Windsock replacement- State distributionWindsock replacement- State distributionprogprog
•• Grass cutting and Snow removal Grass cutting and Snow removal
•• VASI and PAPI alignmentVASI and PAPI alignment
45
Techniques for RoutineTechniques for RoutineMaintenance ContinuedMaintenance Continued
Rotating Beacon Pole Base AttachmentRotating Beacon Pole Base Attachment•• Typically (Four) 1 Typically (Four) 1 –– 1.25 In. Bolts 1.25 In. Bolts
•• Check For Broken Bolts In Concrete Footing byCheck For Broken Bolts In Concrete Footing byNut TighteningNut Tightening
46
Lamp ReplacementLamp Replacement
Always Disable powerAlways Disable powerbefore re-lampingbefore re-lamping
Wear clean glovesWear clean gloves
On some voltage fedOn some voltage fedVASI - GrasshopperVASI - Grasshopperfuse blows when lampfuse blows when lampburns out - keepsburns out - keepsother two lamps litother two lamps lit
New lamp will be dimNew lamp will be dimif fuse not replacedif fuse not replaced
47
Lamp ProcurementLamp Procurement
State Contract with J. H. Larson Electrical inState Contract with J. H. Larson Electrical inGolden Valley (Golden Valley (OsramOsram Sylvania) Sylvania)
Some types not available at discount likeSome types not available at discount likeGE and Manufacturer sourcedGE and Manufacturer sourced
Better Prices from Better Prices from Bulbs.comBulbs.com and Genesis and Genesislamp (888-455-2800 & 800-685-5267)lamp (888-455-2800 & 800-685-5267)
48
Frangible Coupling ReplacementFrangible Coupling Replacement
Used the correctUsed the correctreplacementreplacement
Avoid FiberglassAvoid Fiberglasscouplingscouplings
Apply Apply ““Anti SeizeAnti Seize””grease to threadsgrease to threads
49
Couplings - Waiting to beCouplings - Waiting to beReplacedReplaced
50
Examples of Snow RemovalExamples of Snow Removal
51
Examples of Snow Removal Cont.Examples of Snow Removal Cont.
52
Examples of Grass CuttingExamples of Grass Cutting
53
VASI AlignmentVASI Alignment
Use Walker barUse Walker bar•• Check tool calibrationCheck tool calibration
•• Check Frangible Check Frangible CplgsCplgs
•• Set upwind at 3 deg.Set upwind at 3 deg.
•• Set downwind at 2.5 DgSet downwind at 2.5 Dg
•• Level Horizontally Level Horizontally FrontFront& Back of & Back of CabimetCabimet
•• Align tilt SW to levelAlign tilt SW to level
•• Verify tilt circuit worksVerify tilt circuit works
•• Verify day/night modeVerify day/night mode
54
Aligned VASI Indication to PilotAligned VASI Indication to Pilot
55
VASI APPROACH - OBSTACLEVASI APPROACH - OBSTACLECLEARANCECLEARANCE
56
Additional VASI MaintenanceAdditional VASI Maintenance
Repaint Black contrasting for better visibilityRepaint Black contrasting for better visibility
Screen-in bottom of units to keep out birds/miceScreen-in bottom of units to keep out birds/mice
57
PAPI AlignmentPAPI Alignment
Check calibration ofCheck calibration ofalignment toolalignment tool
Align unit nearest r/wAlign unit nearest r/wedge to 3 deg 30 min.edge to 3 deg 30 min.
Next unit to 3 deg 10 mNext unit to 3 deg 10 m
Next unit to 2 deg 50 mNext unit to 2 deg 50 m
Outer unit to 2 dg 30 mOuter unit to 2 dg 30 m
Verify horizontal levelVerify horizontal level
Align tilt Align tilt asmasm to level to level
58
Aligned PAPI Indication to PilotAligned PAPI Indication to Pilot
59
PAPI APPROACHPAPI APPROACH
60
REILS ON APPROACHREILS ON APPROACH
61
Techniques for AdvancedTechniques for AdvancedMaintenanceMaintenance
Advanced Maintenance IssuesAdvanced Maintenance Issues•• NOTAM OTS Equipment: Call FSS 1-877-487-6867NOTAM OTS Equipment: Call FSS 1-877-487-6867
•• Lightning damage to electronic assembliesLightning damage to electronic assemblies
•• Series circuit isolation transformer failuresSeries circuit isolation transformer failures
•• Electrical cable connector failuresElectrical cable connector failures
•• Guidance sign or Regulator current adjustmentGuidance sign or Regulator current adjustment
•• Series Circuit and unit TroubleshootingSeries Circuit and unit Troubleshooting
•• REIL, PAPI, VASI, and Power control TroubleshootingREIL, PAPI, VASI, and Power control Troubleshooting
62
Lightning Damage to REIL PCALightning Damage to REIL PCA
Lightning enteredLightning enteredunderground powerunderground powercircuitcircuit
ReplacementReplacementavailable thruavailable thrumanufacturermanufacturer
63
Series Circuit TroubleshootingSeries Circuit Troubleshooting
If Not qualified, call an electricianIf Not qualified, call an electrician•• Open circuit voltages in the loop are Open circuit voltages in the loop are FATALFATAL
•• You need a foolproof safety routineYou need a foolproof safety routine–– Shut down regulator(s) circuit breakerShut down regulator(s) circuit breaker
–– Take Plug cut-out units with you in the truckTake Plug cut-out units with you in the truck
–– Lock the electrical vaultLock the electrical vault
–– Always assume the circuit is energizedAlways assume the circuit is energized
•• Consult FAA Advisory 150/5340-26Consult FAA Advisory 150/5340-26Maintenance of Airport Visual AidsMaintenance of Airport Visual Aids
64
Lighting 6.6 Amp Series CircuitLighting 6.6 Amp Series Circuit
65
Series Circuit Series Circuit ““S1S1”” Cut-Out Cut-Out
66
Guidance Sign or RegulatorGuidance Sign or RegulatorCurrent AdjustmentCurrent Adjustment
For Qualified personnel onlyFor Qualified personnel only•• Using a true RMS digital meter and clampUsing a true RMS digital meter and clamp
around wire current probe verify regulatoraround wire current probe verify regulatoroutput or sign lamp currentoutput or sign lamp current
–– lamp life time is half if current is only 5% highlamp life time is half if current is only 5% high
•• Adjust current level pots in Guidance signs toAdjust current level pots in Guidance signs tomanufacturers specs.manufacturers specs.
•• Set regulator to manual modeSet regulator to manual mode
67
Properties of Tungsten FilamentsProperties of Tungsten Filaments
68
RegulatorRegulator
69
REIL TroubleshootingREIL Troubleshooting
For QualifiedFor Qualifiedpersonnalpersonnal only only
Some Brands haveSome Brands haveswapableswapable modules modules
Ensure power is offEnsure power is off
Ensure Ensure HV HV bleeddownbleeddownWhen cabinet door isWhen cabinet door isopened.opened.
Allow 1 minute to passAllow 1 minute to passbefore swapping partsbefore swapping parts
70
REIL Cabinet Intrusion ProtectionREIL Cabinet Intrusion Protection
Pad locked for safetyPad locked for safety
71
VASI Troubleshooting DiagramsVASI Troubleshooting DiagramsVoltage PoweredVoltage Powered
72
VASI Troubleshooting DiagramVASI Troubleshooting DiagramRegulator PoweredRegulator Powered
73
PAPI TroubleshootingPAPI Troubleshooting
Manufacturers Troubleshooting ChartManufacturers Troubleshooting Chart
74
Troubleshooting With LadderTroubleshooting With LadderDiagramsDiagrams
L-854 Relay Controller (Pilot Controlled Lighting)L-854 Relay Controller (Pilot Controlled Lighting)
75
Newly Applied TechnologyNewly Applied Technology
IGBT Power Factor Improved RegulatorsIGBT Power Factor Improved Regulators
Light Emitting Diode IlluminationLight Emitting Diode Illumination•• LED lighted windsocks LED lighted windsocks –– HALI-BRITE, Inc. HALI-BRITE, Inc.
•• FAA certified blue taxiway edge lightsFAA certified blue taxiway edge lights
•• FAA certified obstruction lightsFAA certified obstruction lights
•• Solar powered blue taxiway edge lightsSolar powered blue taxiway edge lights
•• White, red and White, red and greengreen MIRL edge lights in the process of MIRL edge lights in the process ofbeing certifiedbeing certified
Ultra Low Bandwidth Remote lamp MonitorUltra Low Bandwidth Remote lamp Monitor
76
IGBT RegulatorsIGBT Regulators
Higher efficiency thru high power factorHigher efficiency thru high power factor
Close to sine wave current output Close to sine wave current output vsvs square squarewave outputwave output
77
LED Illuminating TechnologyLED Illuminating Technology
78
LED Illumination TechnologyLED Illumination Technology
79
Light DefinitionsLight Definitions
80
Lamp Lumen Evolution - Source:Lamp Lumen Evolution - Source:Display & Indicators - Display & Indicators - PentonPenton Pub Pub
81
IlluminanceIlluminance Conversion Chart Conversion Chart Source: EIS Source: EIS LtgLtg handbook 8th ed. handbook 8th ed.
82
Luminance Conversion ChartLuminance Conversion Chart(Source: EIS (Source: EIS LtgLtg handbook 8th ed) handbook 8th ed)
83
Remote Lamp Monitoring SystemRemote Lamp Monitoring System
Detection of very low frequency signalsDetection of very low frequency signalsover regulator or 120 VAC circuitover regulator or 120 VAC circuit•• Each lamp has a transmitter which is on aEach lamp has a transmitter which is on a
different frequencydifferent frequency
•• Receiver board has current loop detectorReceiver board has current loop detector
•• PC or Embedded Processor looks for presencePC or Embedded Processor looks for presenceof known quantity of transmittersof known quantity of transmitters
•• Reports location of burnt out lampsReports location of burnt out lamps
84
Remote Lamp Monitoring SystemRemote Lamp Monitoring SystemContinuedContinued
Can monitor over 100 lamps per receiverCan monitor over 100 lamps per receiver
Additional receivers for additional circuitsAdditional receivers for additional circuits(regulators)(regulators)
Can monitor runway lights, VASI, PAPI,Can monitor runway lights, VASI, PAPI,WindconeWindcone, Beacon, MALSR, Beacon, MALSR
Keeps data logsKeeps data logs
85
THATTHAT’’S ALL THERE ISS ALL THERE IS……. THANK YOU!. THANK YOU!