AI and The Future of the Workplace

An exciting eco-system

The Future of JOBSThe interface of Digital & Human Intelligence

BY

Abraham Samuel

Or is it just

Science Fiction

Since it is almost half covered it therefore

depicts Day 29. Most of us wouldn’t notice the

bio-disaster in the first 29 days but would wake

up on Day 30 to a fully covered pond. Such is

exponential growth !

Shelley Palmer, CEO, The Palmer Group

LinkedIn’s Top Ten Voices in Technology

The change is EXPONENTIAL

“…… tomorrow will not be

the same as today

although it looks the same.

We wake up, the sun comes

up, we have breakfast, we

go to work, we go to sleep

– but all around us

technology is accelerating

at an exponential pace”

Shelley Palmer, CEO, The Palmer Group

LinkedIn’s Top Ten Voices in Technology

Can you think exponentially versus linear. If

in this pond, lily pads double every day and it

will take 30 days to cover the whole pond

what day is depicted in this picture

assuming it is half covered?

“ “

ARE WE READY

The Future of

WORKInterface of Artificial & Human Intelligence

The Future of


The ROMANTIC

BOTS

AI is still

however limited

to “instruction

driven digital

intelligence”

and not the

entire landscape

of “intuitive,

creative all-

encompassing

human

intelligence”

• The human brain has approximately 90

billion nerve cells linked together by trillions

of connections called synapses. Put together

this network provides hundreds of trillions of

different pathways through which brain

signals travel through.

In order to mimic

this digitally,

scientists a few years

ago needed more

than 82,000

processorsrunning on one of

the world’s fastest

supercomputers to

mimic just The capacity of the human brain is about

ONE Petabyte equal to…..

= 1 million Gigabytes or 1,024 Terabytes

= 341 million 3-minute MP3s

= 62,500 fully loaded 16gb iPads which when

stacked on top of each other is

= 2,604 feet tall – almost equivalent to the Burj

Khalifa

one second of a normal human

brain activity.

“Digital

Transformation”

Some

examples

A.I. IN A COLLABORATIVE

WORKPLACE:

• Manufacturing industry production lines

• FEDEX uses drones for deliveries as well as

reach medical aid to places that are difficult to

access

• Amazon uses drones in warehouse and for

deliveries

• Healthcare: IBM Watson to treat rare diseases

and provide doctors with better treatment

options

• Restaurants & fastfood: first fully automated

one opened in San Francisco

• Hotels: First fully robotic manned hotel,

Hennna Hotel in Okinawa, Japan

• Intelligent Automobiles, GPS

• Driverless cars

• Auto-pilot in aircrafts interfacing

with human pilots

Investment in A.I.

US$282m in 2011

US$3.9bn in 2016

US$8.0bn in 2017

US$47bn by 2020in 200+ AI focused

companies

Some will NOT

accept change…… until too late by

which time they

become irrelevant

Those who resist change will soon

find themselves living in a world that

does not exist

Stephen Covey

“ “

“Whether you think you can or

whether you think you can't,

you're right"– because you are

the one that decides that.Henry Ford

sometime

after the US

Elections in

November

2016…….

Dr Travis Bradberry

Some

WILL

embrace

change,

as did..

Mark Cuban, Billionaire investor on a Bloomberg

TV interview……

“…..the next wave of innovation will be the

automation of automation eliminating

those lucrative software development jobs,

because its maths after all”

Reuters Science News, June 21, 2016

“A draft European parliament motion suggests

that the growing intelligence, pervasiveness

and autonomy of the growing army of

European robot workers requires rethinking of

everything from taxation to legal liability

and classifying them as “electronic persons”

making their owners liable to pay social

security for robot workers.”

“Digital

Disruption and

Displacement”

Is it for real?

What do

some say

Art Bilger, Venture Capitalist & Board Member of the

Wharton Business School cited an Oxford study:

“All developed nations will see a loss of 47%

in the next 25 years in blue and white collar

jobs beginning with the manufacturing

industry”

Jobs at risk: Accountants, doctors, lawyers,

teachers, bureaucrats, financial analysts,

production line workers, drivers, most routine

support jobs, middle management jobs that

merely interpret data, restaurant waiters…….

The Economist reports:

NO GOVERNMENT IS PREPARED

Dr Michio Kaku on FOX Business:

“The robot revolution is HERE…… by

2021, 6% of US workers will see their

jobs replaced by robot automation”

Investment in A.I.

US$282m in 2011

US$3.9bn in 2016

US$8.0bn in 2017

US$47bn by 2020in 200+ AI focused

companies

The Future of

WORKDavos World Economic Forum 2017

“Autopilot didn’t put pilots out of a job;

instead it foreshadowed an increasing

collaboration between human and machine

on complex tasks.”Laurent Haug, author

Elon Musk at the World

Government Summit in Dubai:

“Human beings will

eventually need to combine

their capabilities with that

of machines….they will have

to create a “high band-width

interface” between

computers and the

brain……in other words

humans will become

CYBORGS”

Mark Cuban, Billionaire investor on Bloomberg

TV……

“What looks like a great job graduating from

college today may not be great in 5 or 10

years from now”

Three key paradigms of

business today:

• Speed

• Communication

• Competition

Meg Whitman,

Chairman & CEO, HP Enterprises

Davos World Economic Forum

Second most sold out event ticket:

THE FUTURE OF JOBS

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/authors/laurent-haug

The Future of

WORKDavos World Economic Forum 2017

1. How to rewire themselves to

leverage Digital Technology

including Robotics and Artificial

Intelligence

2. How to leverage massive data

out there not just in an

algorithmic way but to provide

advanced analytics in a human

sense

3. How to leverage digital

transformation for innovation

in business touching customers,

products, new business.

Rich Lesser, CEO,

Boston Consulting Group

Top 3 consistent topics discussed

by more than 200 CEOs in 2016:

1. 34%: Talent Management and

Leadership development

2. 25%: Engagement Management

(behavior & culture)

3. 42%: Training and People

Development

Top 3 HR Priorities 2017Snap Global Survey (LinkedIn)…of 63%

Less than 10% considered

Communication & Social Media

as a priority

NO ONE considered the use of

Artificial Intelligence or

Digital Transformation

in the workplace

Are we living in a Lily-pond

DISCONNECT?

Vishal Sikka, CEO,

“…there is absolutely no doubt that 60-70%

of our jobs are going to be wiped out by AI

over the next 10 years, or maybe in less

than 10 years the jobs that we do today are

going to be replaced by AI unless we

continue to evolve ourselves….

the biggest challenge is ensuring that we

transition ourselves to a new generation

without losing our values and our ethos"

Second most sold out event ticket:

THE FUTURE OF JOBS

The Future of


The World Economic Forum 2016:

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is

underway and that it may eliminate

millions of jobs over the next 5 to 10

years.

A Bank of America-Merrill Lynch report

predicted that 47% of jobs in the US will

be taken over by technology.

Amelia, an artificial call centre agent,

can speak 20 languages, learn from her

human co-workers and has taken over

30% of the calls at a trial call centre.

McKinsey estimates that by 2025, similar

automated software will replace 250

million knowledge workers across the

world. That's equivalent to 50% of India's

current working population.

1. Tele sales/call centre employees

Rapidly developing and deploying working

software is critical in technology firms. To

enable this, developers are now required to

use QA automation tools without wasting

time in the QA process. This has made

many QA engineers redundant and some

firms predict that by as early as 2017 they

will not hire or retain a single QA

employee.

2. QA software tester

Increased mechanisation and farm

productivity has led to less than 2% of the

US population being directly employed in

agriculture. In India, it is currently 50% of

the population. With land, machinery,

chemicals and seeds becoming expensive

and technology providing cost-effective

labour solutions, the days of the

individual farmer are numbered.

Wealthy land owners and corporations will

take over this sector while reducing

employment dramatically.

3. Farmers

In Japan there are over 1,500 robots for

every 10,000 workers in the automobile

manufacturing industry. They are faster,

better and becoming increasingly cost

effective.

The trend is accelerating across global

manufacturing and production, taking away

the livelihood of factory workers.

4. Factory workers

13 Types of JOBS that will go…..

The Future of


Associated Press already publishes over

3,000 financial reports every quarter

using Wordsmith—the natural language

reporting platform. 8.5% of Wikipedia's

total content has been written by bots.

With advertising revenues dropping sharply

for news agencies and print media, they can

scarcely afford to keep hordes of reporters

to track breaking news. Efficient software

is up to the task. This means fewer human

news reporters and they will be writing

more opinion pieces than news.

5. News reporters

With online college classes and degrees,

the Internet is eliminating the need to

go to college to pursue higher education.

Similarly, supplementary education like

tuition and coaching is being replaced by

apps and online classes.

Apart from primary education and schools,

this reduces both the salary and the

number of teachers required.

More of Webinars, less of physical

conferences…

6. Teachers

The IBM cognitive computing prototype,

Watson, is set to revolutionise medical

diagnosis with a projected ability to give

accurate, consistent, free diagnosis of

medical conditions. Add to that -smart

phones coupled with remote electronic

health monitoring devices and

computerised medical history, and fewer

health care professionals will be required as

most patients will avail treatment remotely.

7. Health workers


Bernard J Tyson, CEO, Kaiser Permanente, USA…

“No physician today should be

practicing without artificial

intelligence. Its just impossible

to pick up on patterns and

trends to monitor care”

Kaiser Permanente is one of the largest

integrated managed care consortium in the

United States, founded in 1945 by industrialist

Henry J. Kaiser and physician Sidney Garfield

E-Medical …within a few months some 200,000 signed up for

the UAE government backed mHealth program in

2014 and leads the way for tele-medicine in the ME.

Popularity of the video and voice health services is

significantly higher (around 30%) than the global

average and 67% expressed their satisfaction with

this form of medical care which results in lower

costs, reduced work downtime and hospital wait-

time, reduction in insurance claims–premiums,

provides better risk management for diabetes and

heart diseases”

Stephen Maclaren, AlFuttaim Willis Co.LLC

The Future of


Associated Press already publishes over

3,000 financial reports every quarter

using Wordsmith—the natural language

reporting platform. 8.5% of Wikipedia's

total content has been written by bots.

With advertising revenues dropping sharply

for news agencies and print media, they can

scarcely afford to keep hordes of reporters

to track breaking news. Efficient software is

up to the task. This means fewer human

news reporters and they will be writing

more opinion pieces than news.

5. News reporters

With online college classes and degrees,

the Internet is eliminating the need to

go to college to pursue higher education.

Similarly, supplementary education like

tuition and coaching is being replaced by

apps and online classes.

Apart from primary education and schools,

this reduces both the salary and the

number of teachers required.

More of Webinars, less of physical

conferences…

6. Teachers

The IBM cognitive computing prototype,

Watson, is set to revolutionise medical

diagnosis with a projected ability to give

accurate, consistent, free diagnosis of

medical conditions. Add to that -smart

phones coupled with remote electronic

health monitoring devices and

computerised medical history, and fewer

health care professionals will be required as

most patients will avail treatment remotely.

7. Health workers


The largest chunk of legal work is the

discovery phase where para-legals and

junior lawyers have to go through physical

records to gather and synthesise

information and draft legal documents

before a trial. Software like Legal-Zoom,

can perform the task faster, thus

dramatically reducing the number of these

jobs.

8. Lawyers & Paralegals

13 Types of JOBS that will go…..The Future of


Accounting software for businesses is

becoming easier to use. Small businesses

are migrating to do-it-yourself solutions like

Freshbooks, requiring fewer hours of work

by human accountants. While they are

automating and reducing wage bills,

demand for professional accountants will

decline significantly in the next 10

years.

9. Accountants

Driverless cars have been successfully

demonstrated on public roads in the US

over the past few years. Regulations are

being crafted that will permit you to call

for a driverless taxi through an app or

transport goods by driverless trucks. Drones

are used for deliveries. Fewer accidents,

faster travel and no jobs for drivers….

What happens to Uber, Carlyft, Careem?

10. Drivers

In supermarkets and large stores, thousands

of cashiers are being replaced by

automated self-checkout systems which

bill you based on the items in your cart

using RFID chips or automated scanners.

You can swipe your card or scan your digital

wallet on your way out. No queues and no

jobs for human cashiers.

11. Cashiers

The Hennna hotel in Nagasaki is the

world's first hotel to have only robot

staff. Restaurants across the world are

experimenting with touch screens at tables

for ordering food, robotic waiters / self-

service to pick it up and automated

systems to perfectly cook fast food. The

hospitality segment, which employs up to

5% of the workforce is set to lose millions

of jobs.

12. Hospitality Workers

13. Tailors, Shoemakers….

Automation of mass produced pattern driven products such

as readymade garments, shoes, can result in the loss of 1000s

of jobs in Third World countries exporting to West. 3D Printing.

Dubai to buy 200 Tesla vehicles as part of its

ambitious self-driving taxi plan

Dubai signed an agreement with Tesla Inc on

Tuesday to buy 200 Tesla hybrid electric vehicles

to become a leader in the self-driving car

space.The deal was signed by Director General and

Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors of

Road and Transport Authority (RTA) Mattar al Tayer

and Tesla CEO Elon Musk on the sidelines of the

World Government Summit 2017.

Feb 15, 2017

How relevant will the

“human” resource be in a

changing job landscape ?

2. If you are in a routine process

driven job which artificial

intelligence can do faster, leaner

and cheaper

You will soon be non-relevantExample: Accountants, Drivers, Waiters,

Lawyers, Consulting Doctors

1. Can someone overseas do your

job cheaper ?

You will soon be non-relevantExample: Manufacturing, service jobs

3. Are you providing “creative” and

“collaborative” value?

You will be relevant but will

need to constantly FOCUS and

INVEST in “skills” of the future

THREE BASIC QUESTIONS

Challenges in the AI

impacted Workplace

1. Excess supply over demand with AI taking

over certain jobs

2. Impact on salary levels due to excess supply

in replaceable jobs

3. New paradigms of compensation & benefits,

employee engagement, performance

management (how do you measure

performance between humans & AI)

4. Inclination for businesses to increasingly adopt

AI due to benefits of higher productivity,

consistent quality, being lean, lower human

maintenance, ability to expand AI skillsets

(example: languages)

5. Re-skilling & adaptive mindset of humans

6. Business opportunities in outsourcing, shared

services, AI rental - converting from Capex to

Opex

7. Possible need for Universal basic wage to aid

displaced workers

“In an environment where new skills

emerge as fast as others become extinct,

employability is less about what you

already know and more about your

capacity to learn and adapt.”Jonas Prising, Chairman and CEO, Manpower Group

Phillip Perry, December 27, 2016

The problem is not that there aren’t

enough jobs, but that there aren’t

enough “relevantly skilled” workers….

Challenges in the AI

impacted Workplace

1. Excess supply over demand with AI taking

over certain jobs

2. Impact on salary levels due to excess supply

in replaceable jobs

3. New paradigms of compensation & benefits,

employee engagement, performance

management (how do you measure

performance between humans & AI)

4. Inclination for businesses to increasingly adopt

AI due to benefits of higher productivity,

consistent quality, being lean, lower human

maintenance, ability to expand AI skillsets

(example: languages)

5. Re-skilling & adaptive mindset of humans

6. Business opportunities in outsourcing, shared

services, AI rental - converting from Capex to

Opex

7. Possible need for Universal basic wage to aid

displaced workers

“In an environment where new skills

emerge as fast as others become extinct,

employability is less about what you

already know and more about your

capacity to learn and adapt.”Jonas Prising, Chairman and CEO, Manpower Group

Phillip Perry, December 27, 2016

The problem is not that there aren’t

enough jobs, but that there aren’t

enough “relevantly skilled” workers….

Essential skills for HR in the new workplace:

1. Strategic thinking – the BIG picture

2. IT Specialist skills (AI)

3. Finance savvy to be Business Partners

4. Voracious reading, constant re-skilling

Why should HR Engage in

DIGITAL

TRANSFORMATION

1. To provide a compelling

Employee Experience combining

Consumer (Employee) focus with

technological skills.

Why? A motivated / engaged

employee drives positive results

The Future of


Employee Engagement

(David Macleod and Nita Clarke)

Organizations in the TOP quartile

for employee engagement:

Productivity:

Customer

Ratings:

Absenteeism:

Profitability:

18%

12%

37%

16%BOTTOM quartile for employee engagement:

Staff Turnover Accidents Inventory

Shrinkage

16% 62% 51%

UAE tops global poll for highest

proportion of disinterested staff

Survey by Emolument.com from 55 countries (CIPD People Magazine, 22 Feb 2017)

• Joint top place with Italy.

83% bored at their jobs

• Highest boredom: Legal (81%), Project

Mgt (78%), Support functions (71%)

• CEOs as prone to this as junior staff

What do employees want? a meaningful day’s

work knowing that they contributed.

Why should HR Engage in

DIGITAL

TRANSFORMATION IN HR

1. To provide a compelling Employee

Experience combining Consumer

(Employee) focus with technological

skills.

Why? A motivated employee drives

positive results

2. To provide immediacy of

information access: Available 24/7 in

less than 10 minutes especially to those

in remote areas who cannot easily

access HR in person.

3. To delegate 80% of routine non-

essential jobs to AI freeing time to

focus on the strategic

4. To provide Cost efficiency in the

workplace: lean, efficient and effective

The Future of


The Future of


“THE INTELLIGENT HR ASSISTANT”

A CHAT(RO)BOT is an AI interface with

a set of computer algorithms designed to

simulate and interact in a human

“conversation”.

Introducing the INTELLIGENT ASSISTANT

in the HR workspace…

THREE MAJOR CHATBOT

INTERFACES FOR HR

1. HR Service Center to answer

frequently asked Employee questions

….vacation days, medical benefits, inform

them of new programs, public holidays,

analytics of potential problems based

on frequently asked questions such as

delays in travel expense processing,

Example: Jane created by Loka

HDFC Bank one of the

largest private banks in India

recently rolled-out an AI

powered customer call

center capable of answering

1 million+ permutation &

combination of queries 24/7

Virtual Reality & Bots

This mix of storytelling, product discovery and customer service is seen as the likely future for chatbots; making consumer engagement possible at a much wider scale than could have been achieved before. It’s about answering as much as possible for shoppers through AI, before escalating to a human only when needed.Example: Google’s Winter Wonderland virtual shopping through 18 retailers in New YorkHow about a VR tour of the company for new hires

The Future of






“conversation”.

Introducing the INTELLIGENT ASSISTANT

in the HR workspace…

THREE MAJOR CHATBOT

INTERFACES FOR HR

2. Talent Acquisition & new employee

onboarding

….Tap multiple sources to develop and

source candidate profiles, schedule

interviews, flight and hotel arrangements,

answer candidate and new hire queries,

reminders to Talent teams and candidates

Example Talla compile a set of interview

questions based on the job, conduct tests

& score, prepare job descriptions.

Aim: to be a real time adviser to HR

Professionals.

HR will need to acquire

more knowledge about

and how to experiment

with them to use

technology to streamline

and improve the

Employee Experience

through active

Engagement

The Future of






“conversation”.

Introducing the INTELLIGENT ASSISTANT in the HR workspace…

THREE MAJOR CHATBOTINTERFACES FOR HR

3. Teaching Assistants“Massive Open Online Courses” (MOOC) exploded from 16-18 million in 2014 to 35 million by end of 2015. In 2016 Prof Goel of Georgia Institute of Technology added a new Teaching Assistant, Jill Watson (powered by IBM Watson analytics) to provide faster answers & feedback to students queries. Jill was able to answer 40% questions freeing the human assistants to focus on more complex inquiries. Jill also reminds students of submissions, exams, due dates. Jill was developed to operate at the level of an expert.

HR will need to acquire

more knowledge about

and how to experiment

with them to use

technology to streamline

and improve the

Employee Experience

through active

Engagement

AI and The Future of the Workplace

Recruiting & HR

Transcript of AI and The Future of the Workplace