Agile DC 2016 Behavior Driven Development Workshop

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Behavior Driven DevelopmentWorkshop

Craeg Strong CTO, Ariel Partners

October 24, 2016Washington, DC

©CopyrightArielPartners2016*[email protected]((646)467-7394

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Software Development since 1988

Large Commercial & Government Projects

Agile Coach / DevOps Engineer

Kanban Trainer / SpecFlow Trainer

Performance & Scalability Architect

Certified Ethical Hacker

New York & Washington DC Area

CTO,ArielPartnersAKT,CSM,CSP,CSD,CSPO,PSM,ITILv3,PMI-ACP,PMP,LeSS,SAFe

[email protected]

@ckstrong1

CraegStrong


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Agenda

• Context &Background• BenefitsofBDD• GoodvsBadGherkinDemonstration• BadGherkinTeam Review&Discussion• Whirlwind TourofTools&Reports• GherkinWritingWorkshop• GroupDiscussion


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SuppliesNeeded

1. 2+RollsofScotchTransparentTape2. 6+PadsofLargeSizePost-ItNotes3. ADozenormoreSharpies4. 1-2Post-ItSelf-StickEaselPads25”x30.5”


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WhereDoesBDDFitIn?


UsefulTechniquesStoryMapping

BDD:SpecificationByExampleImpactMapping

Visioning/IdeationWorkshops

GOOTB MockupsWireframes

JourneyMapping

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WhenDoOrganizationsSwitchToBDD?

• Newtoscrum,needhelpwithunderstandinghowtocreateusefulAcceptanceTestCriteria

• ConvertingalegacyMicrosoftVBapplicationto.NET• Governmentprojectwithoutenoughtesting,needtobeefuptestingcapabilities

• Mostlymanualtesting,spreadsheets,lookingforabetterway• AutomatedGUITestsBrittle,HardToMaintain


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WhatProblemsCanBDDSolve?qEnsure what is to be delivered is actually requiredqEnsure what is to be delivered is valuable to the businessqEnsure what is to be delivered is within the agreed scope of

functionalityqEnsure what is to be delivered is well understood by the team


ü Clearly specify the required behavior of each software component ü in everyday common business language ü that anyone in the team (including business stakeholders) can understandü And then enforce those rules via tests

How?

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WhoIsInvolved?TheThreeAmigos


public void CalculateDiscount(Order order){if (order.Customer.IsNew)order.FinalAmount = Math.Round(order.Total * 9/10);

}

Registeras“bart_bookworm”Goto“/catalog/search”Enter“ISBN-0955683610”Click“Search”Click“AddtoCart”Click“ViewCart”Verify“Subtotal”is“$33.75”

Wewouldliketoencouragenewuserstobuyinourshop.Thereforeweoffer10%discountfortheirfirstorder.

Analyst Developer Tester

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SpecificationWorkshops


Giventheuserhasnotorderedyet

WhentheuseraddsabookwiththepriceofEUR37.5intotheshoppingcart

Thentheshoppingcartsub-totalisEUR33.75.

Wewouldliketoencouragenewuserstobuyinourshop.Thereforeweoffer10%discountfortheirfirstorder.

Analyst Developer Tester

Gherkin

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Gherkin:TheLanguageofBDD


ScenarioGiven [Context]And[MoreContext]

When(<role>does)[Action]And[OtherAction]

Then(<role>shouldsee) [Outcome]And[MoreOutcomes]

Scenarios=

TestCases=

AcceptanceCriteria

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GoodGherkinversusBadGherkin


VS.

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BadversusGoodGherkin


HappyPathShouldbeFirst

Boundaryconditiondoesnotmatchscenario

Showme,don’ttellme.Shouldbeanexample

GUIDisplayDetailmakesthisbrittle.Whatifwechangeittoabarchart?

Thisdataisalreadygrouped.Usetheuser’slanguagenottechnicallanguage

MoreGUIDetails,notnecessary

?WhyDifferent?

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BadversusGoodGherkin(Printout)


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CharacteristicsofGood GherkinSpecifications

• UseDomainLanguage(ProblemSpace)notTechnicalLanguage(SolutionSpace)

• Tangible,notAbstract• Explicit,notImplicit• No Extraneousinformation• HumanReadable,no“magicnumbers”• AvoidGUI-Specificterms(e.g.“button”,“screen”,“click”)• LookForReusablePhrases


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ScenarioOutlineStyle-Gherkin


Feature: Shipping cost calculation

Scenario Outline: Calculate shipping costsGiven I have <books> books in my basketAnd my shipping address is in <region>When I start the checkout processThen the shipping costs should be EUR <cost>

Examples:| case | books | region | cost || single book to EU | 1 | Europe | 7 || two books to EU | 2 | Europe | 9 || single book to US | 1 | US | 12 |

@edge-case

Examples: Edge cases| case | books | region | cost || too many books | 10000 | Europe | 20005 || zero books | 0 | Europe | 0 |

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BadGherkin:TeamOne


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BadGherkin:TeamTwo


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BadGherkin:TeamThree


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BadGherkin:TeamFour


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BDDcuts theGordianknot


UnitTestsAsNeeded

AutomatedAcceptanceTests(BDD)

AutomatedGUITests

ManualExploratoryTesting

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FeaturesVersusUserStories


1.ManualEntryofEmail

2.Dropdown

4.Type-Ahead

3.Don’tShowMyEmail

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FeatureFile

BDDWithSpecFlow1.WriteFeature

StepDefinitions2.GenerateTemplate

3.FillInCode


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FunctionalCoverageReport

q All system functions expressed as features, split into user storiesq All user stories have acceptance criteriaq Each criterion translated to an automated test using structured

English (Gherkin)q Customized report matches epics and user stories to automated

acceptance testsq Test fails unless software is implemented correctly

LinkstoFeatureDocumentation

GeneratedviaPickles


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GeneratingDocumentationFromSpecifications


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CombinedReport


Page One

Page Two

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DifferentflavorsofBDD


ExternalSpecificationMaintainedOutsideof

CodeBase

CodeBase

Application

ExcelSheet WikiPage

TextualSpecificationMaintainedWithin

CodeBase

CodeBase

SpecificationCapturedDirectlyInSourceCode

CodeBase

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GherkinExercise:TeamOne


As a userI want to input my feedbackSo that I can recognize a co-worker for their actions

Acceptance Criteria• Both sender and receiver email must be filled in• One Corporate value (e.g. Integrity, Commitment, Courage, Excellence) must be filled in• A short, optional description may be filled in• I need to be able recognize someone even if they are not registered with the recognition system

Key Examples• [email protected] recognizes an existing user [email protected] for Integrity• [email protected] recognizes a new user [email protected] for Commitment

Create Recognition

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GherkinExercise:TeamOne(Hints)


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GherkinExercise:TeamTwo


As a managerI want the system to limit the number of times per week a user can recognize a co-workerSo that a recognition is seen as valuable

Acceptance Criteria• To send a recognition, both sender and receiver email must be filled in• To send a recognition, one Corporate value (e.g. Integrity, Commitment, Courage, Excellence) must be filled in• For each recognition, a short, optional description may be filled in• If a user has sent three recognitions this week, system should prevent user from entering a fourth

Key Examples

Limit Recognitions Per Week

Sender Receiver Corporate Value Date Result

[email protected] [email protected] Commitment Monday 17 Oct 2016 ok

[email protected] [email protected] Integrity Wed 19 Oct 2016 ok

[email protected] [email protected] Respect Thur 20 Oct 2016 ok

[email protected] [email protected] Courage Fri 21 Oct 2016 error

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GherkinExercise:TeamTwo(Hints)


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GherkinExercise:TeamThree


As an administratorI want to maintain the set of corporate values for which a user can recognize a peerSo that our corporate culture is aligned with the values we espouse

Acceptance Criteria• Each corporate value consists of a one or two word title and a brief description• There must never be less than two corporate values• If a previously-existing corporate value is removed, existing recognitions are unaffected, but no new recognitions can be added

with the removed corporate value

Key Examples

Maintain Corporate Values

Corporate Value Description

Integrity Always act honestly, ethically, and do the right thing even when it hurts

Commitment Committed to the long term success and happiness of our customers, our people, and our partners

Courage To take on difficult challenges, to accept new ideas, to accept incremental failure

Excellence Always strive to exceed expectations and continuously improve

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GherkinExercise:TeamThree(Hints)


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GherkinExercise:TeamFour


As a userI want to see the most recent recognitionsSo that I can stay informed of the recognitions my peers are receivingAcceptance Criteria• Home page should display a list of all recognitions in the system• Each recognition should list the sender email, receiver email, corporate value, and date sent• The list of recognitions should show the most recent first, like the facebook feed • A user should be able to sort any column• A user should be able to show only recognitions for a particular corporate value (filter by corporate value)

Key Examples

Recognition Feed

Sender Receiver Corporate Value Date

[email protected] [email protected] Excellence 10/12/2016

[email protected] [email protected] Excellence 9/27/2016

[email protected] [email protected] Courage 10/22/2016

[email protected] [email protected] Commitment 6/1/2016

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GherkinExercise:TeamFour(Hints)


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TeamDiscussions,Q&A


CraegStrongSavantFinancialTechnologies,Inc.d/b/aArielPartnersCell:(917)[email protected]@arielpartners

ThankYou!

HelpfulLinksGherkinDocumentation:http://docs.behat.org/en/v2.5/guides/1.gherkin.htmlCucumber(Java,PHP,Ruby,etc):https://cucumber.io/Cucumber(JavaScript):https://www.npmjs.com/package/cucumberSpecflow (.NET):http://www.specflow.org/PicklesDocumentation:http://www.picklesdoc.com/CucumberJS Reports:https://www.npmjs.com/package/cucumber-html-reporter…manymore...

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AdvantagesofBDDApproach


Improves Software Quality

q Helps develop frugal, effective and testable softwareq Answers: what functions are well-covered? Where do we have exposure?

Makes Writing Tests Easier

q many convenience functions q pre-integrated with powerful libraries like NUnit and Selenium

Encourages Collaboration

q Encourages tester, analyst and developer to sync upq Captures information that might otherwise be lost

Facilitates Communication

q Way for Product Owners to provide concrete examplesq Easy to define boundary conditions

Documentation and Reporting

q Requirements Traceability? Yup. q Functional Coverage? Yup.

Are we building right thing?

q Did we “answer the mail”?q Validates that the software meets the requirements

Agile DC 2016 Behavior Driven Development Workshop

Software

Transcript of Agile DC 2016 Behavior Driven Development Workshop