AGE OF EXPLORATION

Squash Avocado Peppers Sweet Potatoes

Turkey Pumpkin Tobacco

Cocoa Pineapple

POTATO

Peanut TOMATO Vanilla MAIZE

Syphilis

Olive COFFEE BEAN Banana Rice

Onion Turnip Honeybee Barley

Grape Peach SUGAR CANE

Oats

Citrus Fruits Pear Wheat HORSE

Cattle Sheep Pigs Smallpox

Flu Typhus Measles Malaria

Whooping Cough

Liquor

GUNS

WHY????

• Renaissance Spirit * new curiosity* desire for individual fame and Glory

Other reasons…

• Inspiration from Marco polo• Spices $$$

- Demand exceeded Supply- try to find new routes To the East

• Conquer muslims and Spread Christianity (since the crusades) – sacred duty

• New technology - caravel, astrolabe, compass

What is this Technology about?

• CARAVEL – ship with triangular sail for tacking into wind and square sails for running before the wind and hull could survive storms at sea

• ASTROLABE – captains used these to look at the stars and tell their distance from the equator

• COMPASS – indicated direction

Who kicked off this thirst for exploration?

*the Portuguese - Prince Henry devoted time and $$$ to Educating and sending out explorers- Wanted new lands, gold, and mysterious Christian kingdom- set up trading posts on West coast of Africa - successful

Squash Avocado Peppers Sweet Potatoes

Turkey Pumpkin Tobacco

Cocoa Pineapple

POTATO

Peanut TOMATO Vanilla MAIZE

Syphilis

Olive COFFEE BEAN Banana Rice

Onion Turnip Honeybee Barley

Grape Peach SUGAR CANE

Oats

Citrus Fruits Pear Wheat HORSE

Cattle Sheep Pigs Smallpox

Flu Typhus Measles Malaria

Whooping Cough

Liquor

GUNS

SOON, explorers from many countries set out to find new routes to the EAST INDIES and did not always find what they were expecting.

We will focus on those sent by Portugal, Spain, France, and England.

Who are the famous explorers that would follow?

Bartholomeu Dias

• Who? Dias

• When? 1488

• From Where? Portugal

• Sent by Whom? King John II of Portugal

• What? Got to southern tip of Africa

Vasco da Gama

• Who? Da Gama

• When? 1497

• From Where? Portugal

• Sent by Whom? King Emmanuel II- Portugal

• What? Found direct sea route to exotic India by rounding Cape of Good Hope

Christopher Columbus

• Who? Christopher Columbus

• When? 1492

• From Where? Italy

• Sent by Whom? King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain

• What? Tried to find quicker, western route to India, BUT he found the Caribbean

What is the real importance of Columbus’ expeditions?

• His voyages encouraged others to sail westward, and eventually people realized this wasn’t India, but a new continent…

Amerigo Vespucci

• Who? Vespucci

• When? 1499 and 1501

• From Where? Italy

• Sent by Whom? King Ferdinand of Spain

• What? Reached Brazilrealized it wasn’t part of Asia->inspired a mapmaker to draw a new map including “America”

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

• Who? De Balboa

• When? 1513

• From Where? Spain

• Sent by Whom? The Spanish

• What? Reached the Pacific Ocean by going through Panama

Pedro Alvares Cabral

• Who? Cabral

• When? 1500

• From Where? Portugal

• Sent by Whom? King Manuel I of Portugal

• What? Responsible for the name of the Portuguese colony, Brazil

Ferdinand Magellan

• Who? Magellan• When? 1519 to 1522• From Where? Portugal• Sent by Whom? King Charles I of Spain• What? His crew made it all the way

around the world by sailing around S. America and Africa and showed the world was bigger than expected

Giovanni de Verrazano

• Who? Verrazano

• When? 1524

• From Where? Italy

• Sent by Whom? King Francis I of France

• What? Discovered today’s New York Harbor

Jacques Cartier

• Who? Cartier

• When? 1534

• From Where? France

• Sent by Whom? King Francis I of France

• What? Discovered a broad river that he named St. Lawrence. While sailing up this river he founded present day Montreal

Samuel de Champlain

• Who? Champlain

• When? 1608

• From Where? France

• Sent by Whom? The French

• What? Founded Quebec. Leads to the cooperation with NativesFur trade gives profits to the French

Louis Joliet and Jacques Marquette

• Who? Joliet and Marquette

• When? 1673

• From Where? France

• Sent by Whom? The French

• What? Learned about a “great river” from Native Americans. Set out to discover the Mississippi river.

Robert LaSalle

• WHO? La Salle

• WHEN? 1682

• FROM WHERE? France

• SENT BY WHOM? The French

• WHAT? LaSalle sails down the river and claims the entire southern region for France-Louisiana

John Cabot

• Who? Cabot

• When? 1497

• From Where? Italy

• Sent by Whom? King Henry VII of England

• What? First English claim in North America.

Sir Walter Raleigh

?

• Who? Raleigh• When? 1585• From Where? England• Sent by Whom? Queen Elizabeth I of England

• What? Organized an expedition that landed on

Roanoke, off the coast of present-day North Carolina. When food was scarce, settlers move back to England

Francis Drake

• Who? Drake

• When? 1577

• From Where? England

• Sent by Whom? Queen Elizabeth I of England

• What? First Englishman who sailed around the world

Henry Hudson

• Who? Hudson• When? 1609• From Where? England• Sent by Whom? England• What? Tried to find a northwest passage,

he sails up the river (now named for him) and discovers the richest fur-bearing region south of Canada

The End