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ACHIEVING SCHOOL SUCCESS:
THE CASE OF THE
CENTRAL VISAYAN INSTITUTE FOUNDATION
Christopher C. Bernido and M. Victoria Carpio-Bernido
Research Center for Theoretical Physics
Central Visayan Institute Foundation
Jagna, Bohol 6308 Philippines
LEAP Conference 2011 Global Trends and Issues in School Leadership
11 February 2011 Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/communicate/blog/student//
images/worldmap_lg.jpg&imgrefurl
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Central Visayan Institute Foundation
In Jagna, Bohol, Philippines
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Jagna: 4th class municipality; population ~ 32,000
Jagna
http://www.bohol.ph/map.php
Tagbilaran
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~ 95% of incoming freshmen come from
rural public elementary schools
CVIF tuition : P 7,500 per student per year
Marked lack of home educational support
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How do we enable each
child to develop to his/her
fullest potential?
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There is a need for new pedagogical
perspectives given the global realities:
A new generation of learners whose brains are
wired differently.
A world made smaller and more efficient by
technology (internet access, cell phones, etc.)
Higher global standards of quality in education
and training.
An emerging worldwide lack of qualified
teachers especially in the STEM disciplines.
7
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EFFICIENCY
In the least time,
at least cost,
to have the majority of students
having the highest levels of mastery
in science, math, and the humanities,
based on international standards.
8
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THE CVIF DYNAMIC LEARNING PROGRAM
( IMPLEMENTED SINCE 2002 )
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The CVIF Dynamic Learning Program (DLP) applies a synthesis of classical and modern pedagogical theories adapted to foster the highest level of learning, creativity, and productivity for a wide spectrum of students.
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Lecture / Class
Discussion (70-80%)
Independent Student Activity
(70-80%)
Student Activity
Lecture /
Class Discussion
Conventional
CVIF Program
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For all subjects, there is no
introductory lecture before CVIF
students do the learning activities
(questions, problems, etc.).
Lectures and class discussion are
done only about 1/4 of the time (the
rest being allotted for written
activities).
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Agrees with prof. S. Gopinathan remarks
(LEPI 2010) on c2015 work-related skills:
Taking responsibility for one’s own
learning.
Knowing how to work independently
without close supervision.
Being resilient in the face of difficulties.
Being confident and able to investigate
problems and find solutions.
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THE CVIF DYNAMIC LEARNING PROGRAM
Parallel Learning Groups (Modified
Jigsaw Strategy)
Activity-based Multi-domain Learning
In-school Comprehensive Student
Portfolio (instead of notebooks)
Teachers Comprehensive Portfolio
(instead of Lesson Plans)
Strategic Study / Rest Periods
Integrated Spiritual and Cultural
Formation
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Parallel Learning Groups
(Simultaneous Classes)
Expert
Teacher
Section 1
Facilitator
Section 3
Facilitator
Section 2
Facilitator
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CLASS SCHEDULE (ACADEMIC DAY )
SY 2009-2010
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The portfolios and all Activities
and projects cannot be brought
home.
(Portfolios are returned to the
students at the end of the year.)
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CCB/MCVB-CVIF Jagna/09
18
Right: Students of Davao
Christian High School of
Davao City, a Chinese
school which has applied
the CVIF DLP since 2005
Above: CVIF students on
a typical academic day
Above:
Some
Physics
portfolios
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CVIF students have no
homework throughout their 4
years in high school.
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How do we measure success?
Tangibles
Intangibles
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Present
Post-school
How do we measure success?
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How do we measure success?
The number of students who
manifest learning through
competency-based standardized
exams.
The depth of learning manifested
by students.
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25 % of the CVIF seniors belong to
the top 10 % nationwide in
reading comprehension.
(28 out of 110 students)
7 Students got 99 %-tile rank in
Reading Comprehension.
2008 National Career Assessment
Examination (NCAE):
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Improved Performance in
DepEd Nationwide Exams
Math NSAT
2001
NCAE
2007
NCAE
2009
Students with
%-tile 90 &
above
1 / 66
(1.5%)
13 / 106
(12.3%)
21 / 115
(18.3%)
Central Visayan Institute Foundation
Jagna, Bohol
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Overall
GSA
NSAT
2001 No. of
students
NCAE
2008 No. of
students
NCAE
2009 No. of
students
99 - 99+ 0 3 2
98 0 2 3
97 0 2 4
90 - 99
%tile
1 of 66
(2%)
21 of 110
(19%)
27 of 115
(23%)
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Performance Scores in Standardized Tests
0
Majority of
students
Number
of
Students
Baseline 2001
0
Performance Scores in Standardized Tests
Number
of
Students
2006
Performance Scores in Standardized Tests
Majority
of students
0
Number
of
Students
2009 NSAT/
NCAE
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University of the Philippines
College Admission Test (UPCAT) Number of
UPCAT Passers
Year
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
‘08 ‘06 ‘05 ‘04 ‘03 ‘02 ‘01 ‘00 ‘99 ‘09 ‘10
Up to about
10% of CVIF
seniors
‘07 ‘11
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International Benchmarking
SAT scores of marker student within cut-off of good American universities
Alumna now in U California
Berkeley, BS Computer Science
28
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All 153 public high schools in Bohol to implement the
CVIF-DLP in SY 2011-2012 (initiative of Governor Edgar Chatto;
approved for piloting by Secretary Bro. Armin Luistro).
http://www.bohol.ph/map.php
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Spin-off of the CVIF-DLP:
The Learning Physics as
One Nation Project
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31
Declining Trend
DOST Survey of High School Physics Teachers:
• 1990’s: 27% Physics teachers qualified
• 2003: 8% Physics teachers qualified
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NORMAL APPROACH
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239 Student Written Activities (70%)
plus
18 DVD volumes of Video Lessons by physicists
(30%)
Fund for Assistance to Private Education LEARNING PHYSICS
AS ONE NATION
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260 SCHOOLS
REPRESENTING
ALL REGIONS
(OVER 27,000
STUDENTS)
Fund for Assistance to Private Education
Learning Physics as One Nation Project
Bohol
Isabela
Zambales
Nueva Vizcaya Pampanga
Bulacan Tanay
Cavite
Gen. Santos
Pagadian
Surigao
Abra
Naga
Romblon
Masbate
Cam. Sur
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ASSESSMENT
CCB/MCVB-CVIF Jagna/09 35
See Carpio-Bernido, M.V., Bernido, C. C. and Porio, C. C., Assessment of Student Performance in the Learning Physics as One Nation Project, Philippine Education Research Journal (www.perj.org), September 2010.
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CCB/MCVB-CVIF Jagna/09 36
Very Poor24%
Poor32%
Below Average
17%
Low Average14%
Average7%
High Average4%
Above Average
1%
Superior1%
Excellent0%
Pretest Percentage of Examinees By Quality Index
Very Poor
Poor
Below Average
Low Average
Average
High Average
Above Average
Superior
Excellent
Very Poor16%
Poor25%
Below Average
15%
Low Average
17%
Average11%
High Average
9%
Above Average
4%
Superior2%
Excellent1%
Posttest Percentage of Examinees By Quality Index
Very Poor
Poor
Below Average
Low Average
Average
High Average
Above Average
Superior
Excellent
Pre-test
Post-test
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37
CEM Best
School
SY 2007-2008
LPON School SY 2008-2009
Number of examinees 205 232 Mean Percent Correct 49 44
Maximum 79 83
Minimum 21 21
Excellent 14 10
Superior 16 9
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Performance Scores in Standardized Tests
0
Majority of
students
Number
of
Students
Baseline
Majority
of students
0
Performance Scores in Standardized Tests
Number
of
Students
Present target
Performance Scores in Standardized Tests
Majority
of students
0
Number
of
Students
Long-range target
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KEY SUCCESS VARIABLES
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SCIENTIFIC MINDSETS:
Administrators
Teachers
Learners
Parents
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Deal scientifically with
realities and observables.
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Well-defined targets
Curriculum Assessment
Analysis
Analysis
Analysis Analysis
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“In situ curriculum adaptation and reform:
balancing world-class targets,
meager resources, national policy and
culture in a developing country”
Carpio-Bernido, M.V., in Proc. International Conference
on Science & Mathematics Education, National Institute
for Science & Mathematics Education Development,
University of the Philippines (2008).
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Curriculum
Global performance
standards
Compliance with Department of Education
Lack of human and material resources
Prevailing community and national
culture
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IN SITU CURRICULUM ADAPTATION
Strongly results-driven for annually
increasing number of students with
higher performance levels
Constraints taken as challenges and
opportunities for creativity and
innovation – focus of meager resources
in high impact areas such as choice of
curricular emphasis
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Development of a solid learning ethos
and conducive environment
Routine and prompt schedules
The quiet school on academic days
Sports and arts on PE days
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The CVIF DLP and all co- and extra-
curricular activities are geared towards
maximizing:
Motivation
Focus
Confidence and Composure
Self-Discipline
Stamina
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Analysis
Training Synthesis
Creative
Problem-
Solving
Discipline
Stamina
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REALIZATION:
50
Lack of : • Teachers • Textbooks • Lab equipment
are not core problems.
Focusing on them is a waste of time and resources that could be better spent elsewhere.
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51
Rather than
teacher-induced learning,
we propose
process-induced learning
as a new paradigm.
Carpio-Bernido, M. V., Bernido, C. C. (2011)
CVIF Dynamic Learning Program: A Systems
Approach to Process-Induced Learning. In Proc.
of the epiSTEME 4 (Mumbai:HBCSE).
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THE PROBLEM OF MOTIVATION:
Conventional
Games
Stories
Group work
Recitation
Board work
Etcetera
CVIF-DLP
Habit-forming
(biological)
Daily protocol for
writing of activities
on the Activity
Sheet
external internal
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53
If we have process-induced
learning, then the essential variables of
education can be reduced into two:
• choice of curricular content
• learner disposition
M. V. Carpio-Bernido and C. C. Bernido
RM 2010 Awards Lecture
http://www.rmaf.org.ph
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The
Learning Mind
Pedagogy Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience
Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Mathematics
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LEVELS OF ANALYSIS
55
gross anatomy and
physiology
cellular
molecular
sub-molecular
concept formation
and behavior
genetic
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Brain imaging
by positron emission
tomography (PET)
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• Principles of Neural Science ( 4th_Edition) Editors: Eric R. Kandel, James H. Schwartz and Thomas M. Jessell
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THE TASK-ORIENTED BRAIN
brain activation of different structural
parts to achieve or accomplish a task;
compensation for deficits or weakness
of certain regions;
parts can perform multiple functions
[See e.g., R. J. Sternberg, Cognitive Psychology; S. Gilman and S. W. Newman, Manter and Gatz’s Essentials of Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology; OECD 2002]
MVBernido and CCBernido, Samahang Pisika ng Pilipinas Congress 2010, Antipolo City
58
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Is there a neuronal basis for
the strategic rest component of
the CVIF DLP?
MVBernido and CCBernido, SPP 2010 Antipolo City
59
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Enhancing creativity and originality
through strategic study and rest periods
PEHM Days (Wednesdays:
no academic
classes)
No-homework
policy
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NO HOMEWORK: WHY?
To enjoy wholesome leisure
More relaxing family time
Sleep early (by 8 or 9 p.m.) so they can be
fresh and energized for the next day’s
schoolwork.
Health experts say that young persons need
8 hours of sleep and an additional one-fourth
hour for every year of age under 18 years old.
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62
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THE ADOLESCENT BRAIN
“developmental work in progress”
Brain imaging has revealed that both brain volume and myelination (a maturing process of neural connections) continue to grow throughout adolescence and during the young adulthood period. (OECD, 2002)
Note that a myelinated axon has greater conduction velocity of signals.
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The neuron axon
dendrites nucleus
perikaryon
nucleolus
myelin sheath
[Adapted from Manter and Gatz’s Essentials of
Clinical Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology, 9th ed;
and Wheater’s Functional Histology, 3rd ed.]
Afferent
Efferent
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The more profound reason is. . .
to facilitate reflection,
deeper understanding, and
processing of concepts
learned during the day.
Central Visayan Institute Foundation, Jagna, Bohol, November 2006
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See e.G., Studies of U. Rutishauser, A.
M. Mamelak, E. M. Schuman, Nature,
March 2010 (online).
MVBernido and CCBernido, SPP 2010 Antipolo City
66
“When memory-related neurons fire
in sync with certain brain waves, the
resulting image recognition and
memories are stronger than if this
synchronization does not occur.”
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Synchronization is influenced
by "theta waves" – associated
with relaxation, daydreaming and
drowsiness, but also with
learning and memory formation.
MVBernido and CCBernido, SPP 2010
Antipolo City
67
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More questions that need to be explored
to improve learner disposition:
neuronal, molecular, sub-molecular basis
for Attention
Learning
Memory
Creativity
68
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CULTURE AND THE ARTS
Music
Belles Lettres
Visual Arts
Performing Arts
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CCB/MCVB-CVIF Jagna/09
70
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The plays integrate learning in
Theology
Values
History
Geography
Literature
Music
Languages
Deportment
Public speaking