Abstract Writing 2
Transcript of Abstract Writing 2
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
1/17
ABSTRACT WRITING
DR. M BILAL
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITYHEALTH SCIENCES
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
2/17
WHAT IS AN ABSTRACT
A brief summaryof a researc ar!ic"e#a$a"%sis ofa &ar!ic'"ar s'b(ec! or )isci&"i$e.
Beginningof ar!ic"e.
I! s!a!es !e purpose* methods* a$) fndings*conclusionsof %o'r researc &ro(ec!.
I! so'") $o! s!a!e fee"i$,s a$)#or co$scio'ss!a!es* e.,. "i-es* )is"i-es* &refere$ces*a$$o%a$ces* e!c.* of !e ri!er of !e s%$o&sis.
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
3/17
STRUCTURE
RESEARCH FOCUS/ob(ec!i0es#s!a!e1e$! of !e &rob"e1#iss'e23 cris&%* sor!*
METHOS4 s!')% )esi,$* &o&'"a!io$* sa1&"e* sa1&"i$,!ec$i5'e* !oo" of )a!a co""ec!io$* )a!a e$!r%* )a!a a$a"%sis*
OBSER!AT"O#S$RESU%TS3S!a!e o$"% !emain no&el fndings of %o'r s!')%* a$) o %o' fo'$) i!.
CO#C%US"O#S4 E$) res'"!.
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
4/17
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
5/17
'H( TO 'R"TEABSTRACT
INFO. OF YOUR REASEARCH PRO6ECT
He"& rea)er )eci)e e!er !o rea)
%o'r !e7! or $o!
He"& sco"ars !o 8$) %o'r ar!ic"ei!o'! rea)i$, f'"" ar!ic"e.
Searci$, "i!era!'re.
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
6/17
LIMITATIONS
SUCCINT INFORMATION
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
7/17
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
8/17
Fo'r C9s of Abs!rac! Wri!i$,
COM)%ETE: i! co0ers !e 1a(or &ar!s
of !e &ro(ec!#case
CO#C"SE : i! co$!ai$s $o e7cessor)i$ess or '$$ecessar% i$for1a!io$.
C%EAR: i! is rea)ab"e* e"" or,a$i;e)*
a$) $o! !oo (ar,o$3"a)e$. COHES"!E : i!
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
9/17
COMMON PROBLEMS
TOO SHORT
TOO LONG
FAILURE TO INCLUDE IMPORTANTINFO.
UNNECESSARY INFORMATION
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
10/17
T")S
O*s A'!or a$) co3a'!or
$a1es
P"ace 5'o!e) 1a!eria" i$5'o!a!io$s
Brea- "o$, se$!e$ces
E"i1i$a!e as!e or)s
Do'b"e s&ace)
M's! rea) i$s!r'c!io$s
A'!or=s $a1e 4 i!a"icise)
Wri!e i$ &as! !e$se
Use scie$!i8c or)s i$ f'""*
af!erar)s 'seabbre0ia!io$s
Gi0e '$i!s of
1eas're1e$!
O#T*s Use %o'r o$ se"f
e7&"a$a!or% co$ce&!s
Lo$, se$!e$ces
S!ar! a$% se$!e$cei! a$% $'1eric
)o$=! e7cee) >? of!e "e$,! of e$!ire&a&er
I$c"')e Tab"es#,ra&
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
11/17
Re&ision Techni+ues
A"T"O# , adding a -ord. phrase. or sentence
Original: This project is an experimentation ofthe eects of two-cycle marine engine exhaustwater on certain algae.
Revised: This project is a bioassayexperimentation of the eects of two-cycle marineengine exhaust water on certain green algae.
E%ET"O# , deleting a -ord. phrase. orsentence
Original: The researcher has developed anoriginal code reuired for successfulimplementation of the environment reconstructionapplication/
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
12/17
SUBST"TUT"O# , su0stituting one -ord.phrase. or sentence 1or another
Original: !n the beginning" the idea was todetermine the toxicity of outboard enginelubricant.
Revised: The initialidea was to determine thetoxicity of outboard engine lubricant.
TRA#S)OS"T"O# , mo&ing -ords. phrases. orsentences to another position
Original: #sing optical $bers as light guides" asystem was created with light guided from a lightsource to an integrating chamber" re%ected andguided bac& to a digital camera.
Revised: ' systemusing optical $bers as lightguideswas created with light guided from a light
source to an integrating chamber" re%ected" andthen guided bac& to a digital camera.
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
13/17
COMB"#AT"O# , com0ining sentences and$orparagraphs. -hich usually results in the use o1multiple re&ision techni+ues and a considera0leshortening o1 the passage/
Original: The project was started with aninvestigation of methods in use today and
possible alternatives. Two alternative methodsthat seemed to be promising were chosen ( the$rst method is to &ill bacteria with pulsing highvoltage" and the second is boiling with highe)cient heat exchanging.
Revised: The project investigatedtwoalternative methods in use today: *+ &illingbacteria with pulsing high voltage, +boilingbacteria with ahigh e)cient heat exchange.
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
14/17
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
15/17
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
16/17
ATTE#T"O#
S!')e$!s are re5'ire) !o s'b1i! !e5'es!io$$aire "a!es! b% @! Ma%@ !o !eir res&ec!i0e Faci"i!a!ors.
-
7/25/2019 Abstract Writing 2
17/17
THAN YOU