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ABSTRACT

Aditya, Audhifax. 2010. A Study on the Implementation of the ScanningTechnique in Reading Comprehension Activities by the 9th Grade Junior HighSchool Students of SMP BOPKRI 10 Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta: EnglishLanguage Education Study Program, Sanata Dharma University.

Reading skill is necessary to master in order to ensure the success oflearning in class (Anderson: 2003). Since reading is an essential skill to master,junior high school national examination consists of twenty five questions ofreading comprehension questions. Most of those questions relate to specificdetails of the texts. As a consequence, the need of the implementation of thescanning technique arises for the ninth grade students. Although the scanningtechnique existed in English reading comprehension activities, ninth gradestudents of SMP BOPKRI 10 Yogyakarta did not implement effective andefficient scanning technique. Therefore, this research aimed to provide an in-depthstudy of the implementation of scanning technique in reading comprehensionactivities of descriptive, procedure, report, recount and narrative texts.

This research was intended to answer three research problems, namely(1) what are the characteristics of the scanning technique reflected in students’reading comprehension activities?, (2) what are the supporting and the inhibitingfactors of the implementation of the scanning technique?, (3) what are thepossible solutions for the students?

To address the research problems, the researcher conducted a case study.During the research, the researcher employed several instruments, namely fieldnotes, observation checklist, and interview guidelines. Field notes and observationchecklist were employed to find out the characteristics of scanning technique. Theresearcher collected field notes and conducted interviews in order to find out thesupporting, inhibiting factors of the implementation of scanning technique and toprovide possible solutions for the ninth grade students.

After conducting the research, the researcher discovered some findings.First, the characteristics of scanning technique reflected in students’ steps werehighlighting important details, reading at glance, analyzing readingcomprehension questions, and locating needed information. Second, thesupporting factors of the implementation of the scanning technique were students’interest and motivation, scanning technique, language features of the text, andWH-questions. In addition, the inhibiting factors were students’ backgroundknowledge, teacher’s teaching strategies, language features of the texts, WH-questions, unfixed meeting schedule, and students’ absences. Furthermore, thepossible solutions for the students were giving a set of National Examinationexercises, emphasizing and distributing a set of vocabularies, emphasizing asummary of texts, and scanning steps. In summary, the ninth grade students ofSMP BOPKRI 10 Yogyakarta implemented scanning technique when they readtexts and answered reading comprehension questions.Key Words: reading, scanning, case study, reading comprehension questions

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ABSTRAK

Aditya, Audhifax. 2010. A Study on the Implementation of the ScanningTechnique in Reading Comprehension Activities by the 9th Grade Students ofSMP BOPKRI 10 Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta: Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris,Universitas Sanata Dharma.

Menguasai kemampuan reading itu penting agar memastikan kesuksesanpembelajaran di kelas (Anderson: 2003). Karena reading adalah kemampuan yangpenting untuk dikuasai, ujian nasional sekolah menengah pertama mata pelajaranbahasa Inggris terdiri dari dua puluh lima pertanyaan bacaan berkenaan denganinformasi spesifik dari teks. Sebagai akibatnya, kebutuhan implementasi tehnikmembaca scanning teruslah meningkat. Walaupun penerapan tehnik ini telah ada,murid-murid kelas sembilan SMP BOPKRI 10 Yogyakarta tidak menerapkantehnik scanning secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenyediakan penelitian yang mendalam tentang penerapan tehnik scanning dalamaktifitas pemahaman bacaan descriptive, procedure, report, recount andprocedure.

Ada tiga pertanyaan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu: (1) karakteristik tehnikscanning oleh murid-murid kelas sembilan (2) faktor-faktor pendukung danpenghambat dalam penerapan tehnik scanning (3) solusi dalam penerapan tehnikscanning untuk murid-murid kelas sembilan.

Untuk menjawab ketiga pertanyaan dalam penelitian ini, penelitimelaksanakan studi kasus. Selama penelitian, peneliti menggunakan catatanlapangan dan checklist observasi untuk mendapatkan karakteristik tehnikscanning oleh murid-murid kelas sembilan. Peneliti juga menggunakan catatanlapangan untuk mencari faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam penerapantehnik scanning. Peneliti mengumpulkan catatan lapangan dan melaksanakanwawancara untuk menjawab pertanyaan ketiga dari penelitian ini.

Setelah melakukan penelitian, peneliti menemukan beberapa jawaban.Pertama, ada empat karakteristik tehnik scanning yang terrefleksi dari aktifitasmembaca murid-murid. Karakteristik itu adalah menandai detail-detail yangpenting dari teks, membaca secara singkat, menganalisis pertanyaan bacaan, andmencari informasi yang dibutuhkan dari teks. Kedua, faktor pendukung daripenerapan tehnik scanning adalah ketertarikan dan motivasi murid, tehnikscanning, tata bahasa dari teks, dan 5W+1H. Faktor penghambat penerapan tehnikscanning adalah latar belakang pengetahuan dari murid-murid, strategi pengajaranreading dari guru, tata bahasa, 5W+1H, jadwal pertemuan yang tidak tetap, danketidakhadiran murid-murid. Sedangkan untuk solusi yang memungkinkan untukpara murid adalah pemberian satu set latihan Ujian Nasional, mengajar danmembagikan satu set perbendaharaan kata-kata dari tiap teks, mengajarkanrangkuman teori dari teks-teks tersebut, dan memperkenalkan langkah-langkahscanning yang benar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, murid-murid kelas sembilanSMP BOPKRI 10 Yogyakarta menerapkan tehnik scanning ketika merekamembaca teks dan menjawab pertanyaan dari teks tersebut.Key Words: membaca, scanning, studi kasus, pertanyaan pemahaman bacaan