A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona
description
Transcript of A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona
![Page 1: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons (Columba fasciata) in
Southeastern Arizona
Arizona Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitUniversity of Arizona
![Page 2: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Map credit: USGS Breeding Bird Survey
![Page 3: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Adult Male
Adult Female
Hatch Year (Sex Unknown)
![Page 5: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Vocalizations
• Coo calls• Chirps• Grunts
• Wing clapPhoto credit: Peter Latourrette
www.birdphotography.com
![Page 6: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Habitat
![Page 7: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Foraging
• Utilize variety of food resources
• Forage in flocks
• Capable of flying great distances to locate food
• Supplement diet with sodium from mineral springs and salt licks
![Page 8: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Breeding Biology
• Breeding season April to September (peak June/July)
• 1 (sometimes 2) egg per clutch• 1-3 nests per year• 40-50 day nest cycle• Both sexes incubate egg• Adults feed young crop milk
![Page 9: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Nest Sites
Santa Catalina Mountains 8,130’ Santa Catalina Mountains 8,830’ Chiricahua Mountains 5,630’
![Page 10: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Population Declines
“This species is most numerous near the mouth of the Columbia River, where immense flocks were
to be seen from May to October 1865, which fairly rivaled those of the passenger pigeon”
Carpenter in Bendire (1892)
• Coastal race: documented population decline
• Interior race: suspected population decline
![Page 12: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Harvest returns in Arizona
![Page 13: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Potential Threats
• Over-harvest• Disease• Modification or loss of habitat• Pesticides
![Page 14: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Study Objectives (Primary)
• Evaluate 5 potential survey techniques
• Estimate detection probability associated with each survey technique
• Develop effective survey protocol for use in interior region
![Page 15: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Detection Probability
• = probability of detecting bird during survey given that bird is present along survey route
• Test validity of different survey methods by comparing variation in detection probabilities
• Adjust estimates of relative abundance to estimates of absolute abundance
![Page 16: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Study Objectives (Secondary)
• Estimate reproductive success
• Measure habitat characteristics at nests
• Measure habitat characteristics at foraging sites
![Page 17: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Study Area
Map credit: Bruce Walsh, University of Arizona
![Page 18: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Survey Techniques Evaluated
1) Auditory surveys (6-min)2) Auditory surveys (20-min)3) Call-broadcast surveys4) Mark/recapture5) Counts at baited sites
![Page 19: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Auditory and Call-broadcast Surveys
• 8 survey routes in each of 3 mountain ranges
• Up to 6 replicate surveys of each route during breeding season
• Surveys from 15 min before sunrise to 120 min after sunrise
Survey Route:6 points spaced 400 m apart
![Page 20: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Auditory and Call-broadcast Surveys
• 6-min auditory surveys at all 6 survey points
• 20-min auditory surveys at 2 survey points
• Call-broadcast surveys at all 6 survey points
![Page 21: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Mark/Recapture and Counts at Baited Feed Sites
• Five baited sites• Trap pigeons ~3
days/week • Color band pigeons• Count pigeons at
baited feed sites
![Page 22: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Radio Tracking
![Page 23: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Preliminary Results
• Pigeons detected on 88% of survey routes
• Average of < 1 pigeon per survey
• Short duration auditory surveys more effective
![Page 24: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Preliminary Results
• Call broadcasts appear to increase detection rate of pigeons
• Results from bait site counts and trapping inconclusive
• 5 of 6 pigeon nests failed
![Page 25: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
We Need Your Help
• Sightings of color banded pigeons• Locations of foraging sites (especially in low- elevation areas)• Locations of pigeon nests
Contact: Chris Kirkpatrick(520) 626-8912 [email protected]
![Page 26: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Project Funded by:
• Arizona Game and Fish Heritage Fund
• Webless Migratory Game Bird Program
• United States Geological Survey
• University of Arizona
![Page 27: A Study of Band-tailed Pigeons ( Columba fasciata) in Southeastern Arizona](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062322/568151ff550346895dc03d0b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Thanks to:
• Assistance with field work: Dave fox, Eduardo Martinez-Leyva, Eric Nolte, Chuck Seal, Dominic LaRoche, Clait Braun
• Summerhaven residents: Mike Cooper, Linda Currin, Mike Stanley, Arthur Faul, Debbie at “Living Rainbow”