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8A Food & DigestionAcross

1 The opening at the end of the gut. (4)9 Tiny tubes that carry blood. (11)

12 Type of insoluble carbohydrate found in plants. (6)

13 Liquid that flows around the body carrying various substances which are either made by the body or needed by the body. (5)

14 Found in the mouth. It makes saliva. (8,5)15 A chemical that can break up large

molecules. (6)16 Organ that pumps blood around the body.

(5)17 Energy stored in chemicals like food. (8,6)23 Properly called a 'mineral salt' and found in

food. Needed in small quantities for health (e.g. calcium). (7)

25 A liquid that leaks out of capillaries carrying dissolved food and oxygen to cells. (6,5)

31 Grinding tooth at the back of the mouth. (5)32 When the intestines get blocked up. (12)34 When soluble substances go through the

wall of the small intestine into the blood. (8)37 Process that uses up oxygen to release

energy from food. Carbon dioxide is produced as a waste gas. (11)

40 All the organs of the digestive system apart from the mouth. (3)

41 A group of organs that carry out digestion. (9,6)

44 Labelling found on a food packet to tell you what is in the food. (9,11)

45 Something that does not dissolve is said to be this. (9)

46 A group of cells of the same type all doing the same job. (6)

47 Substance found in food that is used for growth and repair. (7)

48 Type of soluble carbohydrate such as glucose. (5)

Down 2 A liquid that can dissolve other substances.

(7)3 Substance found in food that is used for

energy. (12)4 Tubes in which blood flows. There are

capillaries, veins and arteries. (5,6)5 Small finger-like parts of the small intestine.

They increase the surface area so that digested food is absorbed more quickly. (5)

6 Eating a wide variety of foods to give us all the things that we need. (8,4)

7 Substance found in food that is stored to be used for energy in the future. It also helps to keep heat in our bodies. (3)

8 Substance found in food which cannot be used by the body. It helps to keep our intestines clean. (5)

10 A digestive juice. It contains an enzyme that breaks down starch into sugar. (6)

11 Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. (6)

14 Organ where most digestion happens. It is about 6.5 m long in adults. (5,9)

18 Substances used to make other substances out of. (3,9)

19 The food that you eat. (4)20 Unit of energy used on food packets equal to

1000 J. (9)21 Blood vessel that carries blood towards the

heart. (4)22 System containing the heart and blood

vessels. (11,6)24 Organ containing strong acid which mixes

food up and digests proteins. (7)26 Organ that takes water out of waste food.

(5,9)27 A liquid containing enzymes that break

down food. (9,5)28 A compound made of hydrogen and oxygen

which the body uses as a solvent. (5)29 Organ that stores faeces before they are

egested. (6)30 Small tube branching off the large intestine.

It has no function in humans. (8)33 Substances needed in the diet to provide

raw materials. (9)35 Substance found in food that is needed in

small quantities for health. (7)36 Process that breaks food into soluble

substances in our bodies. (9)38 When faeces are pushed out of the anus. (8)39 An enzyme found in saliva that breaks

starch down into sugar. (7)42 Tube that goes from the mouth to the

stomach. Sometimes called the 'food pipe' but properly called the oesophagus. (6)

43 Waste food material produced by the intestines. (6)

8B Respiration

Across 1 System containing the heart and blood vessels. (11,6)6 To take in, e.g. when soluble substances pass through

the wall of the small intestine and into the blood. (6)10 New chemical formed in a chemical reaction. (7)11 Taking oxygen into the blood and getting rid of carbon

dioxide into the lungs. Happens in the air sacs in the lungs. (3,8)

12 Cells in the blood that carry oxygen. (3,5,5)15 Air that is breathed in. (7,3)19 Air that is breathed out. (7,3)21 Process that uses up oxygen to release energy from

food. Carbon dioxide is produced as a waste gas. (11)24 To breathe out. (6)25 Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. (6)26 To breathe in. (6)27 Part of the blood. A liquid that surrounds the blood

cells. (6)28 Air moving into and out of the lungs. (11)29 System containing the lungs, bronchi and trachea.

(11,6)Down

2 Chemical that is used up in a chemical reaction. (8)3 Slimy substance which traps dirt and microbes and is

moved out of the lungs by cilia. (5)4 A type of sugar. (7)5 The group of organs that carry out digestion. (9,6)

7 Tube in the lungs that connects the windpipe to the air sacs. (8)

8 It flows around the body carrying various substances which are either made by the body or needed by the body. (5)

9 Process that uses up oxygen to release energy from food. Carbon dioxide is produced as a waste gas. (7,11)

13 Moving muscles in order to make air flow into and out of the lungs. (9)

14 The smallest blood vessels. (11)16 The natural movement of particles from a place where

there are a lot of them to a place where there are fewer of them. (9)

17 The liquid formed when plasma leaks out of capillaries, carrying oxygen and food to cells. (6,5)

18 Small hairs on the surface of some cells. (5)20 Organ that pumps blood around the body. (5)22 The number of times you can feel your blood being

pumped in one minute. (5,4)23 Windpipe. (7)28 Blood vessel that carries blood to the heart. (4)

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8C Microbes & Disease1 2

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8C Microbes & Disease

Across 1 Strong chemical used to kill

microbes. (12)5 A high body temperature. (5)6 Making people immune to diseases.

(12)9 An idea about what will happen when

you change something. (10)11 Looking carefully at things and

recording what you see or measure. (11)

13 Your body's way of trying to keep microbes out (e.g. skin) or killing them if they get inside you (eg stomach acid). (7,8)

15 Milk is heated up to 70°C for about 15 seconds which is enough to kill the most harmful bacteria in it. (14)

17 A type of fungus with only one cell and therefore a microbe. They are bigger than bacteria. (5)

21 A living thing. (8)23 Bacteria that are not affected by an

antibiotic are said to be this. (9)24 When some processes that happen

in the body do not work in the way they should. (7)

26 A very small living thing. (5,8)28 A disease that can be spread from

person to person or from animal to person issaid to be this. (10)

30 Medicine that can kill bacteria but not viruses. (10)

32 A type of microbe bigger than viruses. (9)

33 Cells in the trachea which have microscopic hairs (cilia) growing from them which wave to move mucus up to the gullet to be swallowed. (8,10,4)

35 The smallest type of microbe. (5)36 Weak disinfectant safe to use on

human skin. (10)37 The way yeast cells divide. A new

small cell (a bud) starts to grow out from another cell. (7)

Down 2 The effects that a disease has on

your body. (8)3 The type of anaerobic respiration

carried out by yeast. It produces carbon dioxide and ethanol. (12)

4 Short for micro-organism. (7)7 Small chemicals made by some

white blood cells. They attach to microbes and help to destroy them. (8)

8 A drug that helps the body to ease the symptoms of a disease or cure the disease. (8)

10 The numbers of a certain organism found in a certain area. (10)

12 A type of respiration that does not need oxygen. (9,11)

14 A dry blood clot on the surface of the skin. (4)

16 A type of respiration that needs oxygen. Releases energy from a sugar (glucose) and produces carbon dioxide as a waste gas. (7,11)

18 Another name for the windpipe. (7)19 A type of blood cell which helps to

destroy microbes. They either engulf microbes or make antibodies. (5,5,4)

20 Sticky substance used to trap microbes and dust. Found in nose and trachea. (5)

22 Something that stops a population growing. (8,6)

25 A mixture containing microbes which normally cause disease, which have been treated so that they don't. (7)

27 If you cannot get a disease you are said to be this. (6)

29 Organisms which are different from animals, plants and bacteria. Examples include mushrooms and yeasts. (6)

31 A scientific idea that can be tested. (6)

34 When blood becomes solid. Makes a 'scab' when it is on the surface of the skin. (4)

8D Ecology1 2 3 4 5

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8D EcologyAcross 1 A small container connected to two tubes. Used to catch tiny animals. (6)2 All the plants and animals that live in a habitat. (9)3 Vertebrate with moist skin, e.g. frog. (9)6 Process that plants use to make their own food. It needs light to work (14)9 Animal with a backbone. (10)

12 A square frame, thrown randomly on the ground, which is used to sample the plants in an area. (7)

13 Vertebrate with dry scales, e.g. snake. (7)15 The last animal in a food chain. (3,8)18 The features of an organism that allow it to live in its environment. (10)20 Vertebrate with hair and produces milk, e.g. human. (6)21 An animal that catches and eats other animals. (8)27 An animal that is caught and eaten by another animal. (4)29 Way of showing the numbers of different organisms in a food chain. (7,2,7)31 Invertebrate that has a body in five parts, e.g. starfish. (10)34 Grow into new plants. Made by conifers and flowering plants. (5)35 Sorting things into groups. (14)

Down 1 Total number of individuals of the same species in a habitat. (10)2 Plant with needle-shaped leaves. Reproduces using seeds found in cones. (7)3 Invertebrate that has jointed legs, e.g. fly, spider. (9)4 Group of organisms that are able to produce their own food and have specialised

cells. (5,7)5 The group of organisms that contains all vertebrates and invertebrates. (6,7)7 The place an organism lives in, e.g. woodland. (7)8 Animal without a backbone. (12)

10 Plant organ used to take water out of the soil. (4)11 Provide a rough idea about the numbers of something or the size of something. (8)14 Sampling method used to collect small animals that live on the ground. (7,4)16 Sampling method used to collect organisms from ponds. (4,7)17 The first animal in a food chain. (7,8)19 An organism that is able to make its own food. (8)22 Thick outer covering found in arthropods. (11)23 Vertebrate with feathers, e.g. eagle. (4)24 Many food chains linked together. (4,3)25 An organism that has to eat other organisms to stay alive. (8)26 The amount of water vapour in the air. (8)28 A person who studies the environment. (9)30 Invertebrate that crawls on a fleshy pad, e.g. snail. (7)32 Vertebrate with wet scales, e.g. salmon. (4)33 Something used to carry the seeds of flowering plants. Can be fleshy or dry. (5)

8E Atoms and Elements

Across 1 A combination of symbols and numbers that

show how many atoms of different kinds there are in a particular compound. (8,7)

6 Substances that can be split up into simpler substances. (9)

10 Two or more different substances that are not joined to each other. (7)

12 Table that shows all the elements. (8,5)16 Something which allows electricity to flow

through it easily. (10,9)18 A metal which reacts easily with water. (7)19 Something which allows heat to flow through

it easily. (4,9)21 A yellow, non-metal element. Solid at room

temperature (7)Down

2 All the atoms in an element are the same. A substance that cannot be split up into anything simpler by chemical reactions. (7)

3 Elements that are shiny, conduct heat and electricity well, and often have high melting and boiling points. (6)

4 Elements that are not shiny, and do not conduct heat and electricity well. (3-6)

5 A metal (iron, nickel or cobalt) that can be magnetised or attracted to a magnet. (8)

7 Chemical name for common salt. (6,8)8 A way of writing out what happens in a

chemical reaction using the letters and numbers that represent the substances involved. (6,8)

9 Two or more atoms joined together. (8)11 New chemical formed in a chemical reaction.

(7)13 The smallest part of an element you can get.

(4)14 Soft, shiny, reactive, silver-coloured metal.

(9)15 Ways of describing a substance. (10)17 Chemicals that join together to form a new

substance. (9)20 A mixture of different metals. (5)

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8F Compounds and Mixtures

Across 1 A change where no new substances are

formed. (8,6)4 Break down into simpler parts. (9)6 A combination of symbols and numbers that

shows how many atoms of different kinds are in a particular molecule. (8,7)

11 Permanent change. (12,6)12 Insoluble solid produced by mixing two

solutions. (11)13 A substance that does not have anything

else in it. (4)16 Separating a liquid from a solution by

evaporating the liquid and then condensing it. (12)

17 Two or more different kinds of particles that are not chemically joined to each other. (7)

18 Substance that can be split up into simpler substances. (8)

19 When a liquid is at its boiling point it is as hot as it can get. (7,5)

Down 2 Separating dissolved solids from one

another. The solids are usually coloured. (14)

3 The temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid. (8,5)

5 Two or more atoms joined together. (8)7 When a liquid turns into a gas. (9)8 The smallest part of an element. (4)9 The temperature at which a solid turns into

a liquid. (7,5)10 A compound that includes oxygen. (5)12 New chemical formed in a chemical reaction.

(7)14 A substance that cannot be split up into

anything simpler by chemical reactions. (7)15 Force holding atoms together. (4)

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8G Rocks and Weathering

Across 1 Rock grains and fragments dropped on the

bottom of a river, lake or sea. (8)7 The movement of loose and weathered rock.

(7)8 When crystals fit together with no gaps

between them. (12)12 When rock fragments bump into each other

and wear away. (8)13 A fossil fuel made from the remains of

plants. (4)14 When moving water drops rock fragments or

grains. (8)15 Fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead

plants and animals that lived in the sea. (3)17 When rocks are worn away or broken up by

physical processes such as changes in temperature. (8,10)

21 Chemicals from rocks that have dissolved in water. (5)

22 Pieces of a mineral with sharp edges. (8)23 Rocks can soak up water are this. (6)24 When rocks are broken up or worn away by

rainwater or similar. (8,10)Down

2 Get bigger. (6)

3 Fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that lived in the sea. (7,3)

4 Tiny, rounded piece of rock. (5)5 Rocks that have been worn away or broken

up by chemical, biological or physical processes. (9)

6 When rocks are worn away or broken up due to the activities of living things such as plant roots. (10,10)

9 Any sign of past life that has been preserved in a rock. (7)

10 A change that does not involve new chemicals such as melting or freezing. (8,6)

11 The scientific word used to describe the shapes and sizes of the crystals or grains in a rock. (7)

16 The chemicals that rocks are made from. (8)18 The movement of rock grains and fragments

by wind or water. (9)19 Get smaller. (8)20 Two or more different kinds of mineral that

are not chemically joined to each other. (7)

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8H The Rock Cycle

Across 2 Molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth. (5)3 An igneous rock with very tiny crystals. (6)5 A place where lava flows out of the Earth. (7)7 The movement of rock grains and fragments by

wind or water. (9)10 When moving water drops rock fragments or

grains. (8)13 Molten rock that runs out of volcanoes. (4)14 The part of the Earth below the crust. (6)15 All the processes which form sedimentary,

igneous and metamorphic rocks, linked together. (4,5)

19 A word that means rocks which can soak up water. (6)

21 A sedimentary rock made from mud. (8)22 Soft white or grey rock formed from the shells of

small sea animals. (5)24 A rock formed when magma or lava cooled down

and solidified. (7,4)25 Forces holding particles together. (5)26 Tiny, rounded piece of rock. (5)27 The remains of a dead animal or plant that

became trapped in layers of sediment and turned into rock. (6)

Down 1 Rocks that have been worn away or broken up by

chemical, biological or physical processes. (9)2 A word meaning 'changed'. (11)

4 A sedimentary rock made from the shells of dead sea creatures. (9)

6 The solid rocks at the surface of the Earth. (5)8 An igneous rock with large crystals. (7)9 Rocks that have been formed by changing

igneous or sedimentary rocks. (11,5)11 Rock formed from grains and fragments dropped

on the bottom of a river, lake or sea. (11,4)12 A metamorphic rock with tiny crystals, formed

from mudstone. (5)16 When layers of sediment or rock are squashed by

the weight of sediment above them. (10)17 The chemicals that rocks are made from. (8)18 The tiny pieces that everything is made out of.

(9)20 A sedimentary rock made from rounded grains of

sand. (9)22 Piece of mineral with sharp edges. (7)23 A metamorphic rock formed from limestone. (6)

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8I Heating and Cooling

Across 1 A material which lets energy flow through it

easily. (9)6 Get bigger. (6)8 The way heat travels through solids. (10)9 A type of wave in the electromagnetic

spectrum. It can travel through transparent things and a vacuum (empty space). (8,9)

11 Get smaller. (8)13 Another name for heat energy. (7,6)14 Something with a fixed shape and volume.

(5)15 To give out energy. (4)16 The units for measuring temperature. (7,7)19 A material which does not let energy flow

through it easily. (9)20 To take in energy. (6)21 The force caused by particles hitting a

certain area. (8)22 When a solid turns into a liquid. (4)23 When a liquid turns into a gas. (9)Down

2 The transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic waves. (9)

3 When a liquid is at its boiling point it is as hot as it can get. It is evaporating as fast as it can. (7,5)

4 A form of energy, measured in joules. (4,6)5 A gas or a liquid. (5)7 A current created by heat causing changes

in the density of a fluid. (10,7)10 A material that does not let heat energy flow

through it easily. (4,9)11 When a gas turns into a liquid. (8)12 Something made of particles that are fairly

close together, but attached weakly so that they can move past each other. (6)

13 How hot something is, measured in °C. (11)17 Something that does not have a fixed shape

or volume and is easy to squash. (3)18 The units for measuring energy. (6)

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8J Magnets and Electromagnets

Across 1 Tiny pieces of iron that are sometimes used to find the shape of a magnetic field. (4,7)3 A switch that is switched on and off by electricity. (5)6 One end of a magnet. (5,4)7 A switch made from two thin pieces of metal, which closes when it is in a magnetic field. (4,6)9 The iron part of a relay that moves when electricity is flowing in the solenoid (8)

12 Something that can attract magnetic materials. (6)15 A magnet that keeps its magnetism - it does not depend on electricity. (9,6)16 The end of a magnet that points north if the magnet can move freely. (5,7,4)17 Two things pulling towards each other. (7)18 A coil of wire with electricity flowing in it. (13)20 A metal that is a magnetic material. (6)21 Another metal that is a magnetic material. (6)

Down 2 A coil of wire. (8)3 Push away. (5)4 The place on the Earth where compasses point. (5,8,4)5 A solid bar inside an electromagnet - usually made of iron. (4)8 A straight magnet, shaped like a small bar. (3,6)

10 A non-contact force. (9)11 A magnetised piece of metal that can swing around - it points north. (7)13 A mixture made mainly from iron; it is a magnetic material. (5)14 The space around a magnet where it can affect magnetic materials or other magnets. (8,5)19 A metal that is a magnetic material. (4)

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8K Light

Across 4 The angle between the normal and the ray of light

leaving a mirror. (5,2,10)6 Angle between an incoming light ray and the normal.

(5,2,9)11 A picture which forms in a mirror, or on a screen, or is

made by lenses. (5)12 An imaginary line at right angles to a mirror, where a

ray of light hits the mirror. (6)13 Material which light can travel through. (11)14 The colours made when two primary colours mix. (9,7)17 Material through which a glow of light can be seen. (11)21 The separating of the colours in light, for example when

white light passes through a prism. (10)23 Material which does not let light through. (6)24 Light bouncing back from a surface instead of passing

through it. (10)25 A block of clear, colourless glass which is usually

triangular. (5)27 The three main colours which can make white light

(red, green and blue). (7,7)Down

1 One of the three primary colours of light. (4)2 Smooth, flat mirror. (5,6)3 Short for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of

Radiation. (5)5 Secondary colour made by mixing red and blue light

(pinkish red). (7)7 The change in direction when light goes from one

transparent material to another. (10)

8 Something which only lets certain colours through and absorbs the rest. (6)

9 Smooth and flat. (5)10 Objects which create light. (8,7)11 The boundary between two materials. (9)14 When light rays bounce off something in all directions.

(7)15 Secondary colour made by mixing green and blue light

(greeny-blue). (4)16 One of the three primary colours of light. (3)18 This means to 'soak up' or 'take in'. (6)19 A place where light cannot get to, because an opaque

object is stopping the light. (6)20 The seven colours of light. (8)22 One of the three primary colours of light. (5)26 A beam of light drawn on diagrams as a straight line,

and showing which way it is travelling. (3)

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8L Sound and Hearing

Across 4 A thin membrane inside the ear which vibrates when sound reaches it. (7)5 A sound beyond human hearing. (10)8 The part of the ear that changes vibrations into electrical impulses. (7)9 Unpleasant sound. (5)

10 Unit for measuring the loudness of a sound. (7)13 The volume of a sound. (8)14 How high or low a note sounds. (5)15 Half the height of a wave. (9)Down

1 The number of waves each second. (9)2 Electrical signal carried by a nerve cell. (7)3 The unit for frequency. (5)6 An instrument which shows a picture of a wave on a screen. (12)7 The distance between the top of one wave and the top of the next. (10)

11 Move backwards and forwards. (7)12 A completely empty space with no particles. (6)

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