5.Water Losses & Summary

8/8/2019 5.Water Losses & Summary

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COSTS OF WATER

RAW WATER COSTS PUMPING

PRETREATMENT

DEMINERALISATION BOILER CHEMICALS

HEAT

PUMPING OUT WASTE WATER


3/17

SOURCES OF WATERLOSSES

BOILER

BLOW DOWN

SOOT BLOWING INCLUDINGDRAINAGE

SAMPLERS

PASSING DRAINS OR VENTS

ATOMISING STEAM FOR OIL BURNERS DRAINS FROM OIL HEATERS

DRAIN DURING START UP

BOILER EMPTYING OPERATIONS


4/17

SOURCES OF WATERLOSSES

FEED SYSTEM

PUMP GLANDS

DRAIN VESSEL OVER FLOW/DRAINS

START UP-DRAINAGE VENTING

WATER TREATMENT PLANT

REGENERATION LOSSES

LEAKS IN PIPE LINES

PUMP GLANDS

DE SLUDGING


5/17

SOOT BLOWING LOSSST LOW T = 4500 g

ST LOW BLOW = 4500*84 3600= 105 g

NT L O STT 25 g cm2 .& 3500 = 745 cal g

T LOSS WITST BLOW = 10

= 74025 cal

NU B O BLOW S = 56TOT L T LOSS OON BLOWING L = 74025*56

= 41,45,400 cal

W T LOSS O ON BLOWING L = 5.88 TON


6/17

STEAM LOSS FROM TUBEPUNCTURES

DIA.OF HOLEIN

STEAM LEAK RATE K /HrAT

K / 1K /

1. 6. 13 6

. 13

6 1161 38 1


7/17

61 31

3

6

89

1

INCREASED D.M.WATER MAKE UP %

LOSS DUE TO HIGH WATER MAKE UP

1% INCREASE IN MAKE UP WATER LEADS TO AN

ANNUAL LOSS OF Rs .83 LAKHS FOR A 1 MW UNIT


8/17

EFFECT OF THERMAL

INSULATIONTEMP.DIFF.BETWEENSURFACE AMBIENT

C

HEAT LOSSK l/ /Hr

6

1 1 1

1 1

3


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10/17

Conditions usin Poor

Perfor n e of Boiler Non-Opti u Rehe t or Superhe t

ste te per tures.

Hi her th n desi n e ono izerexit s te per ture or furn eexit s te per ture used by

poor o bustion. Hi her th n desi n Re he ter or

Super he ter De-Superhe tin

spr y flows.


11/17

Conditions usin Poor

Perfor n e of Boiler Fly sh Unburned C rbon or Loss

on I nition re ter th n % for

Bitu inous Co ls or re ter th n1% for Li nite.

Hi h Botto Ash Loss on I nition.

Non-Opti u utiliz tion ordistribution of pri ry ir,se ond ry ir nd over fire ir, if

ppli ble.


12/17

Con t ons us n oorPerfor n e of Boiler

In re sed uxili ry horsepoweronsu ption by o l pulverizers nd

f ns

Redu tions in p ity f tors due toex essive furn e or onve tion p sssl in or foulin .

Ex essive boiler settin ir in-le k e.

Ex essive ir he ter le k e. In re sed y le losses with in re sed

sootblowin due to non-opti u

o bustion.


13/17

Con t ons us n oorPerfor n e of Boiler

Ex essive pulverizer spill e onverti l spindle, roll nd r e ndb ll be rin type pulverizers.

Redu tions in p ity f tors dueto pulverizer or f n p ityli it tions.

Redu tions in p ity f tors dueto Superhe ter or Rehe ter tubeoverhe tin nd/or o l- shorrosion.


14/17

Require ents For A hievinOpti u Conditions

Furn e exit ust be oxidizin ,prefer bly 3% ex ess O .

Mini l ir in-le k e between the

furn e exit nd e ono izer exit.

Pulverizer fineness of > %p ssin Mesh nd < .3%

re inin on Mesh. Se ond ry ( o bustion) ir

b l n ed to within % betweenburners


15/17


Opti u windbox to furn edifferenti l, typi lly " w. . tfull lo d.

Opti u Pulverizer Pri ry Airto Fuel R tio. In ost ses, irto fuel r tio of 1.8 to 1 on roll

nd r e nd b ll be rin typepulverizers, nd 1. to 1 on

ttrition nd b ll tube

pulverizers.


16/17


Fuel b l n ed between e hpulverizers fuel lines to within1 % devi tion fro the e n.

Pulverized o l line dirty irflowb l n ed between e h pulverizersfuel lines within %.

Pulverized o l line le n irvelo ities b l n ed to % of thee n.


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Co l line ini u velo ities of33 Fp .

Burner e h ni l toler n eswith " ( ir ul r burners),burner bu kets stroked ndsyn hronized to within

(t n enti lly fired).

Pri ry irflow etered ndontrolled to 3% ur y.

5.Water Losses & Summary

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