5.-001 Slow Growing Broilers in The Netherlands...
Transcript of 5.-001 Slow Growing Broilers in The Netherlands...
Slow Growing Broilers in The NetherlandsXII Jornada Técnica Internacional de Avicultura de Carne
Bert Janssen, February 14th 2017
Hubbard JA987
What about this presentation
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Introduction
The History
Chicken of Tomorrow and other concepts
Breeds
Housing and Management
Nutrition and Feed
Health(care)
Technical results
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Sustainability and how to continue – the future?9
Introduction
• World is changing, also in The Netherlands
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Production capacity of eggs and broilers grew in the ’60 till ‘80 and as a reaction NGO’s became active as a counter force
Strong growth ‘60 till ‘80Strong growth ‘60 till ‘80
Bird flu2003Bird flu2003
Intro welfare broilers 2014
Ban traditional cage
Restructuring broiler industry ‘00
Introduction of poultry quota ‘01Introduction of poultry quota ‘01
Wakker Dier (NGO, activist group)
Partij voor de Dieren (political party)
Dierenbescherming (regular NGO)
Source: CBS
History of slow growing broilers in NL (1)
• Already in ‘70 NGO’s (Non‐Governmental Organizations) active against environmental impact of animal production (manure, dust, smell)
• From 2000 onwards more attention for animal welfare• Active NGO’s:
• Dierenbescherming (Animal Welfare Association)• Since 2006: Partij voor de Dieren (Party for the Animals)
• 2 seats out of 150 in our Dutch parliament• Since 2008: Wakker Dier (Awoken Animal)
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History of slow growing broilers in NL (2)
In the same period (2000 – 2010) some development of “slow‐growing”
• 2000‐2005 project to develop new concept: 1 feed company, Animal Welfare Association, 1 breeding company and 2 supermarkets
• 2006: first production of “Volwaard” broilers (10.000/week)
• 2007: Introduction Beter Leven (Better Life) concept by Animal Welfare Association 1 – 2 – 3 stars or ‐ ‐
• 2010: Growing volume of Volwaard and other supermarkets started with “scharrelkip” (Better Life 1 = extensive indoor / barn chicken)
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History – star system Dierenbescherming
• Introduced in 2007 by the Dutch Animal Welfare Association “Dierenbescherming” for different products:layers broilers pigs beef veal
For broilers:56 days indoor + winter garden (= covered range)
56 days Free Range
> 70 days, big free range area; organic is part if it
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Star system Dierenbescherming
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Star system Dierenbescherming
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Kip van Morgen = Chicken of Tomorrow
• Pressure on retailers from NGO’s, especially Wakker Dier• Very strong media campaign• Focus on broiler meat• Against supermarkets and food producers• Against “plofkip”(= exploding chicken)
• The campaign has been extremely successful• “Plofkip” most popular word in 2012• The word “plofkip” has nearly 100% name recognition• The campaign won an important media award
• September 2012: announcement CBL* and Poultry Sector to make the poultry meat assortment more sustainable
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*CBL = Centraal Bureau Levensmiddelen = Central Institute of Food Retailers
Chicken of Tomorrow
• May 2013: Introduction Chicken of Tomorrow• Stakeholders:
• All retailers organized in CBL
• Dutch Poultry Board
• Processing plants
• Dutch Farmers associations (NOP & NVP)
• Agreement for:• Replacement all fresh broiler meat in supermarkets (2020)
• Max. ADG of 50 gr/d
• Min. age 45 days
• First steps to lower density (max 19 birds/m2)
• Enrichment material, f.e. straw bales and/or cereals in litter
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Chicken of Tomorrow
• January 2015: Dutch Authority Consumer & Market gives negative advice to Dutch government this agreement is illegal: no competition anymore between supermarkets
• From that moment poultry industry and supermarkets go their own way• Supermarkets replace all fresh chicken meat by meat from slow growing birds
• Nowadays 30‐35% of our broiler production is according to a slow growing concept
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Breeds
• Groupe Grimaud: Hubbard biggest market share• Hubbard JA 987: segment max 50 grams daily gain• Hubbard JA 757: 1 segment
• From both lines parent stock in NL
• Aviagen: The Rowan Ranger
• Cobb Sasso
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Hubbard JA987
Breeds – Parent stock
• Female breeders: no feed restriction, also not during rearing• Note: prevent stealing feed by the males
• Max weight of the (Hubbard JA87) breeders is 2400 gr
• Hubbard M99 is a male also used for production of traditional broilers
• Minimum surface per bird 1200 cm2 8,3 birds/m2
• Hardly any light stimulation• To prevent too many small eggs
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Housing
• For the Chicken of Tomorrow (supermarket AH) no changes in housing is necessary
• Daylight (roof or window) for the broiler for the Jumbo supermarket (new standard broiler)
• Winter garden (= covered range) for the production
• No extra needs in feed and water supply
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Management
• Partly different from traditional production:• Focus on slower growth, max 50 gr/day • Max 38 kg/m2
• Extra attention for temperature first weeks• Smaller day‐old‐chicks due to lower egg weights• Lower heat production• Lower stocking density
• What to feed: crumbs or pellets?• Adjustment of water pressure to regulate water and feed intake• Health control
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Nutrition and Feed
• Nutritional values according to the concept • Based on recommendations of breeding companies• Adjustment according to experience• Trouw Nutrition recommendations for
• Chicken of Tomorrow (max gain 50 g/d)• 1 star Better Life concept (age min 56 days)
• Compared to traditional broiler feed:• Relative small change in energy (lower feed intake capacity) • Lower in CP and amino acids (lower daily gain)
• Feed structure• Feed is supplied in crumble or pellets
• Use of feed additives (coccidiostats, enzymes,….) as in traditional broilers
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JA987 (Chicken of Tomorrow) ‐ Target 2400 g LW at 49 days
Age (days)ME (kcal/kg)Feed typeMin. amino‐acids Tot. Dig. Tot. Dig. Tot. Dig. Tot. Dig. Lysine % 1.28 1.15 1.16 1.03 1.06 0.95 0.97 0.85 Methionine % 0.50 0.45 0.46 0.41 0.44 0.39 0.41 0.36 Meth. and Cyst. % 0.95 0.85 0.89 0.78 0.84 0.74 0.77 0.67 Valine % 0.98 0.86 0.90 0.78 0.84 0.73 0.76 0.66 Isoleucine % 0.84 0.73 0.77 0.67 0.72 0.62 0.67 0.58 Arginine % 1.36 1.19 1.24 1.08 1.17 1.02 1.08 0.94 Tryptophan % 0.21 0.18 0.19 0.17 0.19 0.16 0.18 0.15 Threonine % 0.84 0.73 0.77 0.67 0.72 0.62 0.66 0.57
Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.Crude protein % 21.50 22.00 19.50 20.00 17.50 18.00 16.00 16.50Calcium % 1.00 1.05 0.95 1.00 0.75 0.85 0.60 0.70Av. Phosphorus % 0.46 0.49 0.44 0.47 0.38 0.40 0.34 0.36Sodium % 0.16 0.22 0.15 0.21 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.20Chloride % 0.16 0.25 0.16 0.22 0.16 0.22 0.16 0.22Potassium % 0.80 0.90 0.80 0.90 0.75 0.85 0.65 0.80Crude fat % 3.00 4.00 3.50 5.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 7.00Linoleic acid % 1.25 2.00 1.25 2.00 1.25 2.10 1.25 2.40
JA987 at 49 daysFINISHER
Last 14 days3,100
Crumbs Crumbs Pellet Pellet
Example of diet specifications for Hubbard Premium Broilers
PRE‐STARTER STARTER GROWER
2,900 2,950 3,0500 to 10 days 11 to 25 days 26 to 35 days
JA757 (1 ‐ 56 days) ‐ Target 2350 g LW at 56 days)
Age (days)ME (kcal/kg)Feed typeMin. amino‐acids Tot. Dig. Tot. Dig. Tot. Dig. Lysine % 1.16 1.03 1.06 0.95 0.97 0.85 Methionine % 0.46 0.41 0.44 0.39 0.41 0.36 Meth. and Cyst. % 0.89 0.78 0.84 0.74 0.77 0.67 Valine % 0.90 0.78 0.84 0.73 0.76 0.66 Isoleucine % 0.77 0.67 0.72 0.62 0.67 0.58 Arginine % 1.24 1.08 1.17 1.02 1.08 0.94 Tryptophan % 0.19 0.17 0.19 0.16 0.18 0.15 Threonine % 0.77 0.67 0.72 0.62 0.66 0.57
Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.Crude protein % 19.50 20.00 17.50 18.00 16.00 16.50Calcium % 0.95 1.00 0.75 0.85 0.60 0.70Av. Phosphorus % 0.44 0.47 0.38 0.40 0.34 0.36Sodium % 0.15 0.21 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.20Chloride % 0.16 0.22 0.16 0.22 0.16 0.22Potassium % 0.80 0.90 0.75 0.85 0.65 0.80Crude fat % 3.50 5.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 7.00Linoleic acid % 1.25 2.00 1.25 2.10 1.25 2.40
Crumbs Pellet Pellet
0 to 14 days 15 to 35 days Last 21 days2,950 3,050 3,100
Example of diet specifications for Hubbard Premium BroilersJA757 at 56 days
STARTER GROWER FINISHER
Nutrition and Feed – TN Recommendations
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Nutrition and Feed – Feed program
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Source: ForFarmers
Health(care)
• Health seems to be better, due to:• Lower stocking density• Slower growth
• No differences in vaccination program compared to traditional broilers• For NL this means: NCD, IBD and most farms also IB
• In general very dry litter• Positive effect on footpad lesions• Difficult to control fresh manure
• Older birds other diseases: some cases of E.Necatrix in 56 days concept
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Health(care)
• Use of antibiotics
• Percentage of flocks treated with antibiotics:• Traditional broilers 40%• Chicken of Tomorrow 10%• Broilers 1BL ‐ 56 days 1%
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Technical results
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Traditionalbroiler
Chicken of Tomorrow
1 Better Life
Most important characteristic
‐ Daily gain max 50 gr Minimum age 56 days
Mortality, % 3,5 2,5 1,5
Age, days 39,5 46 (↑) 56
Live weight, gr 2410 2270 (↑) 2360
Daily gain, gr 61,0 49,3 42,1
Feed per bird, gr 3880 4161 4984
Feed conversion ratio 1,61 1,83 2,11
FCR 1500 gr 1,246 1,52 1,76
Slow growing in relation to Sustainability
• Weak points• NL: No choice for consumer• 20% higher cost price• Additional feed needed• Additional land needed• Additional water needed• Extra manure output
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• Strong points • Animal welfare• No feed restriction in rearing breeders
• Lower mortality• Less footpad dermatitis• Less antibiotic• Meat quality (no white striping, wooden breast)
What is sustainable broiler production?
What will be the future?
• In The Netherlands:• Only the fresh meat from slow
growing birds in supermarkets, 30%, like nowadays?
• Or also on the week markets? • What will the food processors do?• What will the fast food chains do?
• On these last 2 groups a strong pressure from NGO’s
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Some other countries
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Slow‐growing broiler market share in France (2014)
Future new development
What else????29
Hatchcare, HatchTech
X treck, Vencomatic
Thank youThank you for your attention