4th European Congress on Regional Geoscientific 4th European Congress on Regional Geoscientific Cartography and Information SystemsCartography and Information SystemsGeoscientific information for spatial planningGeoscientific information for spatial planning

Bologna, 17-20 June, 2003Bologna, 17-20 June, 2003

Environmental Assessment of Mining and Environmental Assessment of Mining and Mining Waste - spatial planning and land Mining Waste - spatial planning and land

management perspectivemanagement perspective

Stefan Sommer European CommissionStefan Sommer European Commission

Tsehaie Woldai ITCTsehaie Woldai ITC

Gyozo Jordan European CommissionGyozo Jordan European Commission

Introduction: impact assessment and spatial

planning problems specific to mining PLANNING: DPSIR framework for mining impacts

Conceptual framework developed by EEA for environmental assessment and reporting

DRIVING

FORCES

demand for mineral resources

PRESSURES

mineral resource exploitation

waste productionemissions

pollutionnatural resource degradation

life quality degradation landuse conflicts

IMPACTS

natural background

historical pollution baseline

other landusesSTATE

RESPONSE

impact/risks reductionregulations

good management practiceremediation

source

receptor

pathway

PLANNING: Life Cycle Analysis

Life cycle of mineral commodity (on-site)

prospectingprospecting

extractionextraction

treatmenttreatment

storagestorage

Life cycle of mine project

developmentdevelopment

explorationexploration productionproduction

closingclosing

remediationremediation

PROBLEMS SPECIFIC TO MINING

1. Exploration: the geological environment

0 10 20 3 0 40 50 6 0 70 8 0 9 0 10 0 110 120118 m

119 m

120 m

121 m

122 m

123 m

124 m

125 m

126 m

127 m

128 m

129 m

II .-3 II.-4 II.-1 II.-2 II.1 II .2 II .3 II .4 II .5 II .6 II .7 II .8 II .9 II .1 0 II.1 1 II.1 2 II.1 3 II.1 4 II.1 5 II.1 6

024681012141618202224262830323436384042444648505254100

k N /m 2

D -i n y író sz ilá rd ság p ro fil - "0 " á lla p o t

K isérle ti fed és - 1 9 9 9 . m á ju sSpatial problem: 3DSpatial problem: 3D

Non-renewable natural resourcesNon-renewable natural resources

Natural backgroundNatural background

FOREGS

Underground: high information uncertainityUnderground: high information uncertainity

2. Exploration:preparing for mining

environmental impactsenvironmental impacts

collected data useful for environmental protectioncollected data useful for environmental protection

Investigations during mine exploration project

Investigations during mine exploration project

Long-term explorationLong-term exploration

3. Development and environmental planning

secondary / indirect impactssecondary / indirect impacts

Mineral deposit no alternatives for locationMineral deposit no alternatives for location

Mining:

brings infrastructure and industry

Mining:

brings infrastructure and industry

other industries: use infrastructure

other industries: use infrastructure

CLOSING !!

Concession right actual mining: long-term delayConcession right actual mining: long-term delay

4. Operation

All mining projects are unique (deposit type:confined vs. disperse, etc; open vs. underground; etc)

change of technology

Operation for several decades HISTORIC MININGHISTORIC MINING

pollution• Natural background• Baseline

pollution• Natural background• Baseline

Processing in place

Collected data useful for environmental protection

Market change of mineral mined Market by-products

Long-term suspension

5. Closing and Remediation5. Closing and Remediation

Reopening as market prices changeReopening as market prices change

Huge amount of wasteHuge amount of waste

Long-term monitoringLong-term monitoring

Underground can never be fully restoredUnderground can never be fully restored

Perfect remediation impossible: Huge amount of waste Underground Natural background

Perfect remediation impossible: Huge amount of waste Underground Natural background

Spatial aspects for regional planning

3D problem

geology, hydrogeology, mineral chemistry

spatial uncertainty

3D problem

geology, hydrogeology, mineral chemistry

spatial uncertainty

PRESSURE Emissions

Hazard: local/point

source REGIONAL

ASPECTS

STATE Environment Geology of mineral deposit

(natural background) Groundwater system

IMPACTS smelters (air) historic mine regions (soil, water, society)

RESPONSE Society Regional planning: SEIA Regional/EU legislation

Session organisation

PLANNING

IMPACT ASSESSMENTMAPPING

Number of papers:

Oral

Poster

Number of papers:

Oral

Poster

4

4

1 2

3

1

GIS

Remote Sensing

Environmental modeling

3

Session organisation

G. Jordan, S. Sommer, T. Woldai Introduction: impact assessment and spatial planning problems specific to mining

T. Hamor, J. Halmai Competing land-uses and the mineral extraction industries: a legislation review

S. V. Solar Long-term spatial planning and mineral resource management – case study: aggregates in Slovenia

S. Veliciu, P. Stratulat Inventory of metal mining wastes in Romania: a methodological approach

S. Sommer, G. Bidoglio, M. D’Alessandro, G. Jordan, E. Puura, A. Vijdea PECOMINES - linking watershed and regional scale models to the impact assessment of mining activities

Coffee break

R. B. Wanty, B. R. Berger, B. A. Kimball, P. L. Verplanck, M. L. Tuttle Delineation of environmental tracts in mineralised areas using geological criteria

T. Woldai, G. Rukezo Environmental impact study of the area around Rio Tinto and the surrounding mines, SW Spain

M. J. Batista, A. J. Sousa, M. M. Abreu, M. Serrano Pinto Defintion of anthropogenic and natural anomalies: an exercise in Neves Corvo mining region, Portugal

D. Limpitlaw Mapping mining waste and environmental impacts in Zambia with LANDSAT

S. Chevrel Remote sensing assessment and monitoring of environmental impact of mining activities in various European vegetated environments…

K. Grösel, R. Belocky Mining site environmental assessement and re-vegetation planning utilizing advanced remote sensing techniques

09:00-09:10

09:10-09:30

09:30-09:50

09:50-10:10

10:10-10:30

10:30-10:50

10:50-11:10

11:10-11:30

11:30-11:50

11:50-12:10

12:10-12.30

12:30-12:50

Convenor

Tsehaie

Woldai

Convenor

Stefan

Sommer