4C Upstreamvocab-Term1 Final

8/3/2019 4C Upstreamvocab-Term1 Final

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4C Vocabulary list Term1

UNIT1: SUCCESS

1R2-3 (Upstream Pg.8-9 )

Word/phrase Meaning Sample sentence

1I lost it completely I lost my mind/temper/skill

completely.When she heard that she had not passed the exam, she lostit completely.

2&CLContention striving to win in competition;

rivalryLakers and Spurs met in fierce contention for first place.

3diagnosis Verbal result of an analysis (by

a doctor)I need to have a second test to confirm the diagnosis.

4the spur The urge The dark clouds spurred us to work faster before the rain

started.

5 Insurmountable Cannot be overcome This high and rocky mountain is insurmountable.

6 Keep plugging away Work doggedly or persistently She keeps plugging away at her dissertation.

7Side-tracked Distracted She gets side-tracked by television programmes when she

does homework.

8Tackling Solve I find tackling mathematical problems more and more

difficult.

9 Boost Increase The unexpected win boosted the teams morale.

10Discipline The practice of self-control and

being organizedOrder and discipline have been placed in the hands ofheadmistress.

11 Novelist One who writes novels (books) He was an unknown novelist then.

12 Detrimental Harmful, damaging Smoking is detrimental to your health.

13 &CL

Permutations 1. A major or fundamentalchange (as in character orcondition) based primarilyon rearrangement ofexistent elements

2. a form or variety resultingfrom such change

3. an ordered arrangement ofa set of objects

The system has gone through several permutations.

This kind of technology is available in variouspermutations.

The number of permutations you can get from this set ofnumbers is infinite.

14Hurdles Something blocking ones way Ive passed the written test, the face-to-face interview is

my next hurdle.

15Nerve-racking Causes nervousness It was nerve-racking to sing on stage in front of thousands

of people.

16Underestimate Believe a lower view that the

actual oneJoan underestimated how powerful her enemy was.Therefore she was caught by the English soldiers.

17Second nature Instinctual Living in the wild for half a century, the African takes

running away from wild beasts as second nature.

L3 (Upstream Pg.10 )

Word/phrase Meaning Sample sentence18

objective Something worked toward orstriven for; a goal

The objective of the game is to get as many cards as youcan.

19resolution A course of action determined

or decided on.Jane was already planning for her own resolutions for herupcoming new school year.

20 decision

21

victory a success or superior positionachieved against anyopponent, opposition,difficulty, etc.

At last, we experienced the joy of victory.

22

achievement a thing that somebody hasdone successfully, especiallyusing their own effort and

skill

It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player.

23breakthrough Sudden or significant

advance, achievementThomas Edison had failed a thousand times before his

breakthrough in science and technology.

1
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24 &CL

values principle, standard ,or qualityconsidered worthwhile ordesirable

The foundations of education must be based on soundmoral values.

25ethics moral principles that control

or influence a personsbehaviour

He began to question the ethics of his position.

26rights a just claim or title, whether

legal, prescriptive, or moralYou have a right to say what you please.

27 ambition a strong drive of success Marys selfish ambition drove her to almost any action toobtain this power.

28

inspiration the process that takes placewhen somebody sees or hearssomething that causes them tohave exciting new ideas ormakes them want to createsomething

Both poets drew their inspiration from the countryside.

29

obsession The domination of onesthoughts or feelings by a

persistent idea, image, desire,etc

He has an unhealthy obsession with death.

30

luxury free use or possession ofcostly food, dress, or anythingthat pleases a person

They lived in luxury: they do not think before buyinganything.

31&CL

prosperity a successful, flourishing, orthriving condition, especiallyin financial respects; goodfortune.

A righteous government seeks the peace and prosperity ofits people.

32fortune a large amount of wealth or

prosperityHe made his fortune in car sales.

L3 (Upstream Pg.10 )Word/phrase Meaning Sample sentence

33

social background Concerns what kinds of friends youhave, whether the members in yourcommunity/neighbors support you,whether you live in a place with lot offriends, etc.

People of different social backgrounds have differenttraditions.

1influential acquaintances someone you know who can

influence youMy aunt's influential acquaintances were producing anunexpected effect upon that young man.

2 well-rounded education Well-rounded education is more important than ever.

3qualifications The qualities and skills that you need

to be able to do a task or an activityResponsibility and reliability are necessaryqualifications.

4 positive self image

5sensitivity to others

feelings

Pay more attention to others, your sensitivity to others

feelings will increase.

6competitive spirit having a strong desire to win or to

succeedIn order to win this competition, you must have thecompetitive spirit in your mind and show yourconfidence to others.

7

ability to delegate can appoint (a person) to be therepresentative/can give (duties,

power, responsibilities etc.) tosomeone

A CEO of an company has the ability to delegate dutiesto his inferiors.

8

willingness to

compromise

one being happy to accept that onewill reduce his demands or changehis opinion in order to reach anagreement with someone

Her willingness to compromise made the wholediscussion a successful one that we could come up witha decision by the end of it.

9

determination quality of being firmly committed to

doing something; resoluteness

Her determination to do well made her keep on

studying.

10 persistence continuing of doing something eventhough it is difficult or other people

Skill comes only with practice, patience andpersistence.

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are against it

11charisma a strong personal quality that makes

other people like you and be attractedto you

How did a man of so little personal charisma get to bePrime Minister?

12self-motivation eagerness and willingness to do

something without needing to be toldor forced to do it

Jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks self-motivation.He only does things when he is forced to.

13

ruthlessness having no sympathy or compassion of

others at all

Very few people open their heart to her because of her

ruthlessness.

14seize opportunities See an opportunity and make use of it

eagerly and at onceChances are for the ones who are prepared. So be readyand to seize opportunities whenever you meet them.

15foresight the ability to imagine what is likely to

happen and to consider this whenplanning for the future

Fortunately, he had had the foresight to sell all hisstocks before the financial tsunami happened.

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1L5 (Upstream Pg.11 )


CL as far back as (1st occurrence, since) Hong Kong was first named HKSAR as far backas 1997.

CL far back long ago Far back in the early days, Hong Kong was fishing village.

CL before |1997 Before 1997, Hong Kong was British Colony.

CL behind A >later than B The plane is behind schedule.

CL behind in the past Their worries are behind them

CL beyond after Students cannot stay in their classrooms beyond 3.50PM.

CLobjective overarching, all encompassing goal The objective of the school is to produce women of

excellence.

CLpurpose of The purpose of(action) is

(outcome)The purpose of remodeling the school is to equip studentswith the best resources.

CLaim to We aim to(specific/measurable

goal)by(action).We aim to equip each student with the best resources byremodeling the school.

CL

intention A predicted future outcome thatguides action.A. It is our intention to(outcome)B.(Outcome)... is our intentionbehind(action).

It is our intention to equip each student with the bestresources possible.

Equipping each student with the best resources is ourintention behind remodeling the school.

16 gripped hold firmly for some time Please dont go, he said, gripping her arm.

17 caught my eye hold firmly for a moment The glittering gold caught my eyes instantly.

18 seized grasp suddenly The policeman seized a thief by the collar.

19 struck to hit sharply Tom was struck in the head by a bullet.

1L7 (Upstream Pg.12 )Word/phrase Meaning Sample sentence

20 on the off chance

21on second thoughts after having thought about

something againOn second thoughts, we decided that it would be tooexpensive to fly. So, we took a train instead.

22

on a whim a sudden wish to do or havesomething, especially when itis something unusual orunnecessary

We bought the house on a whim.

23 on a budget restriction of expenditure Those are too expensive for us; we are on a budget.

24on principle because of or in demonstration

of a principleHe dealt with the problem on principle.

25on ones own By one's own efforts or

resourcesI cant take it on my own. Its too heavy.

26on target correct, accurate, or adhering

closely to an anticipatedoutcome:

We are waiting for the on-target forecast for the weekendweather.

27on duty performing or scheduled for

dutiesIm on duty from five to nine.

28 on purpose deliberately / intentionally He annoyed her on purpose.

29on condition that With the promise or provision

that; provided that;She accepted the position on condition that there would beopportunity for advancement.

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CL

Word/phrase

Wear down

Meaning

to reduceto make weaker

Sample sentence

His persistant pursuit of me is wearing down my resistanceto him.

30Wear out/ 1. To use up gradually

2. to destroy by continuouspressure/use

I am worn out from exercising.The constant friction wore out the cloth.

15

Wear away

wear through

to dissolve surface, to make asurface thinner, to makesomething disappear

to make thin through heavywear (until holes appear)

Erosion wore away the surface.

I just wore through the soles of my socks.

32 Wear off Subside This kind of fashion will soon wear off.

3Wear on Pass, continue on and on

(slowly).My headache grew worse as the day wore on.

33Carry off To win unexpectedly To everyones disbelief, the weaker team carried of the

prize in the competition.

CL Carry over Spread Stress from work can easily carry over to your family life.

CL

Carry through 1. to complete somethingsuccessfully2. to sustain

She signed up for the work, but felt no need to carrythrough on her promises.I need your support to carry me through these difficulttimes.

4Carry on continued We carried on the search despite the rain.

Ifyoucarryonspendingmoneylikethat, you ll endupindebt.

31Carry out/

carry them out

to execute Were finding it hard to carry out the plan.

L9 (Upstream Pg.13 )

Word/phrase Meaning Sample sentence6

To have the world at

ones feet

be extremely successful andpopular

Many people dream of having the world at their feet, but toofew of them manage doing so.

7 Be in seventh heaven to be extremely happy She is in seventh heaven when she wins the lottery.

8Consider it a feather in

ones cap

Consider it as a token of pride Many people consider being very rich a feather in ones cap,which I do not agree with as I think owning loads of moneyis not the most important achievement in life.

9

Have ones head in the

clouds

to not know what is reallyhappening around you becauseyou are paying too muchattention

Since Sally had her head in the clouds, she eventuallymissed the bus.

10Keep on top of things to manage and handle all the

workYou have to keep on top of things if you want to beorganized.

11Rub somebody the wrong

way

To offend or annoy She has a habit of rubbing people the wrong way.

12 Steal the show Be popular at an event She had a small part, but she stole the show that night.

13Work ones fingers to the

bone

Work to death I have worked my fingers to the bone because of theexhausting IES project

14Work ones way up to the

top

to progress in one's work to thetop rank

You need to work ones way up to the top in order to earn acompliment from your boss.

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1R9 (Upstream Pg.16-17)


15beaming to smile very happily Ive made it to the swimming gala finals! she said,

beaming delightedly.

CLwill be down in the

mouth

unhappy; low in spirits Depressed by unemployment, he could help but be down inthe mouth.

17

skepticism Her skepticism towards these topics has always been

criticized.

18incivility discourteous, rude or

uncivilized behaviourSpeaking foul language is an act of incivility.

19wretched In a negative state of distress

or misfortune; miserableSally lived a poor and wretched life without the care from

parents.

20 elite

21 ingrates an ungrateful person He treats his mother in very cruel way. Hes an ingrate.

22affluent having a lot of money and a

good standard of livingDubai is an affluent nation.

23elimination Act of removing or getting rid

of somethingShes overweight, therefore her doctor recommendselimination of all deep fried food.

24 massively to a large degree or in amassive manner

The policy has proved massively popular.

25prosaic ordinary and not showing any

imaginationHe is a prosaic writer.

26 dejected to depress the spirits The failure dejects our team

27retirement withdrawal from your position

or occupationJim had to think about retirement.

28paradox a person, thing or situation

that has two opposite featuresand therefore seems strange

It is a curious paradox that professional comedians oftenhave unhappy personal lives.

1E2 (Upstream Pg.18)

Word/phrase Sample sentence

29

to disapprove of To think (something) wrong or reprehensible; censure or condemn in opinion; To withholdapproval from; Decline to sanction;

The teachers have the right to disapprove of the nominations of the new class prefect.

30 to be ashamed of She was ashamed of having failed in the examination.

31 to be guilty of The employee was guilty of stealing information from the company.

32 to consist of This team of people consisted of both teachers and students.

33to compliment on I extend my compliments to your parents.

I was pleased with Alice's work and complimented her on it. They complimented me on mynew tie.

1 to keep on Dont look back, keep on running.2 to apologize for I extend my compliments to your parents.

3 to compensate for She was compensated for the loss of her arm in the accident.

4 to be involved in I don't want to be involved in some lengthy argument about who is to blame.

5 to be obsessed with I am obsessed with her beauty.

6 to object to The boss object to the managers plan to recruit more people for working in the company.

7 to protest against Many people were protesting against the Royal Thai Government last year.

8 to benefit from Not all Hong Kong Citizens can benefit from the $6000 scheme.

1E6 (Upstream Pg.19)Word/phrase Sample sentence

9

from a scale of one to ten The questionnaire requires us to rate the film from a scale of

one to ten.10 a high degree of

accuracy

High relative intensity ofaccuracy

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3teenagers A person between thirteen and

nineteen years oldAs a teenager he attended the local high school.

4 youth [adj.]

5 youth[noun]

6

the young (n)not long born; people who

havent arrived at adolescence

The young will soon be the pillars of the society.

7young [adj.] Someone who is young in

appearance or behaviour looksor behaves as if they are young.

In the past, young people can marry at 16.

8attaining to reach or succeed in getting something; to achieve :

Attaining your goals requires hard work and dedication, and there are no short cuts.

9arriving to get to the place you are going to; be delivered; if an event or particular period of time arrives,

it begins to exist or starts being useAfter arriving home, please give me a call.

10 getting After getting up, he went to school immediately.

11 reaching I received congratulations on reaching my eightieth birthday, not only from our circle ofTeacups, but from friends, near and distant, in large numbers.

12distant relatives members of your family who are far away (in space or time)

sample sentence: Her boyfriend is a distant relative of mine.

13 distant shores After the farewell party, he will leave us for distant shores.

14 remote areas There are lots of remote areas in China where not much people choose to live in.

15 faraway places This letter is sent from a faraway place, Australia.

16 pacify

17 distract

18absorb To occupy the full attention,

interest, or time of; engross

An airplane overhead completely absorbed the boy's attention.

19satisfy To fulfill a need or desire This small toy did not satisfy the infant, he wanted something

bigger.

20appearing on the

horizon

to come into view A ship is appearing on the horizon.

21looming on the horizon something cannot be seen

clearly along the sky lineIts cloudy today and now its 6:00pm, we can only see thesun looming on the horizon.

22 darkening the sky Being very unhappy The loss of his girlfriend is actually darkening the sky.

23 showing through To appear behind something Her underwear has been showing through the white dress.

24Not only but also used when adding and

developing ideas *(inversionoccurs)

Not only do cars use up valuable energy resourses but alsocause traffic problems and make city life unpleasant.

25

Although, . used for introducing astatement that makes the mainstatement in a sentence seemssurprising; used to mean butor however when you arecommenting on a statement

Although the sun was shining it wasnt very warm; I feltthat he was wrong, although I didnt say so at that time.

26 However, to whatever extent or degree However much you spend, I will reimburse you.

27 I can but

28Nevertheless despite something that you

have just mentionedThere is little chance that we will succeed in changing thelaw. Nevertheless, it is important that we try.

CLI cannot in anyway

(verb) + (object).

I cannot in any way access your account.

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4C Vocabulary list Term1UNIT2: ESCAPE ARTISTS

2R1 (Upstream Pg.28 )


30dismay to cause to lose courage or to

feel concernThe teacher was dismayed at the students lack of response.

31gratifying giving or causing satisfaction;

pleasing.The fact that there were no deaths in the accident is gratifying.

32

enduring something continues to exist

without any loss in quality orimportance

Sandy and Tim have an enduring friendship.

33innovations The act of introducing

something new.There are numerous innovations in the high-schoolcurriculum.

1ravenous very eager or greedy for food,

satisfaction, or gratificationHe felt ravenous after a hard day's work.

2 repels

3fragments Small pieces broken off or

detachedThe vase hit the wall and shattered into fragments.

4concepts something conceived in the

mind/ a general ideaDemocracy is a concept that includes, among other things, theideas of individual freedom and the right to vote.


5 instructor

6advisor an expert who gives advice The advisor advises the student to do extra study, but they

didn't listen.

7tutor someone who gives private

lessons to one pupil or a verysmall group of pupils

That woman is a good tutor and she is the one who teaches mepatiently.

8tent a shelter made of cloth, which

one can fold up and carry with;supported by poles and ropes

We usually bring a tent with us when we go camping.

9

hostel building in which (usuallycheap) food and lodging are

provided students, certaingroups of workers, thehomeless, travelers, etc

This is a hostel where most of the homeless stay.

10

lodge a house or hut in the country orin the mountains where peoplestay in holiday, especiallywhen they want to shoot orfish.

We stayed in a hunting lodge throughout the summer holiday.

11

isolation the state of being separated fromother people, or a situation inwhich you do not have thesupport of other people

She became depressed and experienced an increasing sense ofisolation.

12bareness an extreme lack of furnishings

or ornamentationI was struck by the bareness of my father's room.

13 solitude being alone She enjoyed these few days of freedom and solitude.

14rendition way in which a dramatic role or

piece of music is performed.The talented pianist, Mary Chow gave a rendition of a Bachchorale last night in the Central City Hall.

15

edition the copies of a book,newspaper etc that are

produced and printed at thesame time

This collector has collected the first editions of every singlebook in his library.

16 translation

17 cliff-hanger The cliff-hanger has impressed the audience.

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18

blockbuster Something, such as a film orbook, that sustains widespreadpopularity and achievesenormous sales

Unlike many of this summer's blockbusters who have relied onmega stars to lure the audiences, Open Water stars relativelyunknown actors.

19box office hit In the US it refers to movies

that gross over $100 million.The lovely king was definitely the box office hit in the 1980s.

21

pilgrimage a journey, especially a long

one

Many music-lovers make pilgrimages to Mozarts birthplace.

22trek to make a long or difficult

journey, especially on footOur team trekked across the mountain lasting for three days.

CLvoyage a course of travel or passage,

especially a long journey bywater to a distant place.

Have you heard of the voyages of Marco Polo?

24

dean a priest who is in charge of thepriests of several churches in anarea;a person in a university who is incharge of a department of studies

He is the dean in this cathedral;This professor is the dean of the Faculty of Medicine.

25 curator a person whose job is to be incharge of the objects or works ofart in a museum or gallery, etc.

You are welcome to ask the curator of this museum questionsif you want to.

26prefect a person appointed to any of

various positions of command,authority, or superintendence

Teachers usually select obedient students as prefects.

27platform a raised flooring or other

horizontal surface for use as astage

the speaker mounted the platform

28deck the top outside floor of a ship

or boat / one of the floors of abus

I was the only person on deck at that time of night.

CL stage platform for acting She loves dancing on stage.

2L4 (Upstream Pg.31)


30 silent not speaking She kept silent when his father shouted at her.

31audible capable of being heard; loud

enough to be heard; actuallyheard.

The speakers voice was barely audible to the audience.

32raucous a loud, harsh, and rather

unpleasant.They laughed together raucously.

33deafening to stun or overwhelm with

noiseThe pounding of the machines deafened us.

1 mild gentle in nature or behavior He has a mild manner which makes everyone like him.

2 chilly

3 wintry Cold and typical of winter Wintry weather continues to sweep across Britain.

4 freezing very cold It's freezing outside; put on your winter coat.

5 agreeable

6

disconcerting causing a feeling of disturbance,embarrassment, or confusion;

perturbing; worrying

He had a disconcerting habit of greeting friends ferociously

and strangers charmingly.

7distressing if something is distressing, it

upsets you or worries youIt is distressing to know that you have failed the exam.

8harrowing extremely upsetting because

connected with sufferingThe life of the discriminated women in Ancient China washarrowing.

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9undemanding not requiring great patience,

skill, attention, etc.People usually have low salary with undemanding job.

10challenging requiring great effort and

determinationHe found a challenging job as a computer programmer.

11

daunting something that is dauntingmakes you worried becauseyou think that it will be verydifficult or dangerous to do

We are left with the daunting task of cleaning up this mess.

12 grueling very difficult and tiring The cast took a break from their grueling schedule.


13unparalleled exceptional The sudden rise of murder cases is unparalleled in this stable

city.

14absurd unreasonable, not sensible You want to buy a helicopter at your age? What an absurd

suggestion?

15exhilarating to make someone feel very

excited and happyIt was exhilarating to go to the largest and most popular theme

park in the world.

16 disappointing

17

intense Focusing on the experiment, Robert held such extreme

intense that not even thunder could make him move awayhis glance.

18soothing having a calming, assuaging, or

relieving effectShe is soothing the crying baby.



19pristine Remaining free from dirt or

decay; cleanShe was happy that she could see pristine restaurantseverywhere in Hong Kong.

20 temperate

21 delicate soft, fine Take care with these delicate flowers.

22

gnarled bent and twisted because of age

or illness

My grandmother used her gnarled fingers to touch my face.

23 fanciful Created by imagination, unreal Cinderella is a fanciful story; it will never happen in real life.

24literal being the basic or usual

meaning of a word or phraseWhat is the literal meaning of this word?

2L9 (Upstream Pg.33)


25

put up(something) to show a particular level ofskill, determination, etc.; tosuggest an idea for other

people to discuss

They surrendered without putting so much of a fight.

26

put off(an event) to postpone it to a later time She's put the wedding off until her father has recovered

from his illness.

27put (someone)through

(something)

to cause someone to have toendure something

the doctor said he hated to put me through all these tests, butits medically neccessary.

28put (someone) down to make somebody look or feel

stupid, especially in front ofother people

he put me down in front of my own employees

CL put up with (something) endure, tolerate (something) Everyday I have to put up with my annoying brother.

30put aside (something) to set or place something to

the sideI put the megazine aside and began reading a book.

31set (someone/something)

back

to get in the way of John is hardly contributing anything to the project he issetting us back.

32

(something) sets in If something unpleasant sets

in, it begins and seems likelyto continue.

The disappointment sets in as they see the teacher comes in.

33 put (something) back to return to its former place The teacher told us to put the plates back into the cupboard.

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1 set off To start on a journey We are setting off for Europe.

2W1 (Upstream Pg.42)


2 compelling

3 humourless Lacking humour He is a straight-faced, humourless character

4chilling making you feel suddenly very

frightened or worriedThe chilling truth is that the killers are still out there.

5 spine-tingling

6 underrated underestimate Don't underrate the danger of such a raft trip on this river.

7well-received getting a good reaction from

peopleThis is a well-received book which you should read it.

8hilarious extremely funny and causing a

lot of laughterShe is such a hilarious girl. I cant stop laughing once I chatwith her.

9rousing vigorous; giving encouragement

(especially to action)The audience gave three rousing cheers for the winner in thiscompetition.

10stirring moving a liquid or other

substance around or mixing itStir the soup for a few seconds.

11haunting beautiful in a way that makes

you feel sad and remember

something for a long time

The trio lend their haunting voices to several of the songs.

2W2&4 (Upstream Pg.42-43)


12riveting so interesting or exciting that

you cannot stop watching it orlistening to it

The pianist played really well in the concert. His performancewas riveting.

13staggering unsteady movement or deeply

shockThe staggering movement of the HSI curve is scaring me

14amateurish inexpert, unskilled He is new to the food industry and so he was very amateurish

towards cooking food.

15appalling so bad and unpleasant that you

are shocked

I heard the appalling news about a two-year-old boy smoking

in Philippines.16 spectacular

17contrived The old lady put on a contrived coat, desperately trying to

look like a twenty.

18

cliched Cliched refers to something,usually a word or an idea, thathas become so overdone that itis generally meaningless,

boring and unoriginal.

This boring decorating color scheme that everyone uses is socliched. It makes all houses look generic and the same.

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4C Vocabulary list Term1UNIT4: GROWING CONCERNS



19 revocation of a privilege

20 prison term

21 probation a trial period He was a mechanic who was on probation.

22

court warning before any questioning is sobegun, warn suspects uponarrest that they have the rightto remain silent.

David has received the court warning and is ready to go to thecourt to be examined.

23parole Prisoner being released on

condition before his sentencehas expired

As he conducted himself well in the prison, he was givenparole.

24 capital punishment punishment by death The prisoner was sentenced to capital punishment.

25

community service work helping people in thelocal community thatsomebody does without getting

paid, either because they wantto, or because they have been

ordered to by a court of law asa punishment

He has been ordered by the court to do community service forsix months because of stealing.

26 fine

2L5 (Upstream Pg.77 )Word/phrase Sample sentence

27 produced (a result)

28 developed (an addiction) He had developed internet addiction after surfing the web for 48 hours non-stop.

CL raised concerns Parents raised their concerns about their childrens stunted learning.

30 .originated from I originated from another area of the country.

31

right 2. (noun) You dont have the right to judge someone when you have done exactly the same

thing.

32 due She didnt go to school today due to her sickness.

33 suitable Many people applied for the job but not one of them was suitable.

1 valid You need a valid passport to travel overseas.

2 order your life

3 run a company He runs his company so brilliantly that he earns a lot within three months.

4 control a situation Police had to be called in to control the crowds during the demonstration.

5 handle a problem

6scarcity Land available for small-scale farming has shrunk, creating land scarcity among the farming

population.7 unavailability The unavailability of the mobile phone is the reason that I throw it away.

8rarity somthing that is very unusual, or the quality of being very unusual : Men who do hand

stitching are something of a rarity.

9 shortage


Word/phrase Meaning

10foot the bill for (sth) to pay all the costs for something.

Sample sentence: My boss took me out for lunch and the company footed the bill.

11on the fringes of society peopleoractivitiesthatareconsideredstrangeorextreme

sample sentence:Hehasbeenforcedtoliveonthefringesofsociety.

12 take the law into onesown hands

to attempt to administer the law; to pass judgment on someone who has done somethingwrongsample sentence: The shopkeeper took the law into his own hands when he tried to arrest the

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thief.

13kill two birds with one

stone

Your decision is an excellent one which kills two birds with one stone.

14throw oneself on the

mercy of the court

rely entirely on somebody/something, entrust oneselfHe was clearly guilty and could only throw himself on the mercy of the court.

15 bridge the generation gap You can bridge the generation gap with your children if you put yourselve in their shoes.

16 the law of the jungle

17 rob Peter to pay Paul Rather than solving the poverty problem, the government has only robbed Peter to pay Paul.

18make a killing on sth make a LOT of money, usually on some kind of investment or business venture, and usually

in a short period of time and without too much effortSample sentence: They made a killing with the sale of their London house.

19 charity begins at home

-END-XD:):( :P

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4C Upstreamvocab-Term1 Final

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