14.3.1 GIS

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)

UPA Package 4, Module 3

24.3.1 GIS

Geographical Information Systems

• Urban GIS• Rural and Urban Poverty Mapping• ArcView and ACCESS• Introduction exercises 4.3.1a and 4.3.1b

34.3.1 GIS

Geographical Information Systems

44.3.1 GIS

Urban GIS

Urban:

Spatial resolution; scale

Data content

Data intensity and overlays

Institutional

Economy, land use and planning

54.3.1 GIS

Urban GIS Layers

4.3.1 GIS

Planning map layers

Building layer, Land use layersNetwork and admin. boundaries layersNatural resource layersSatellite image, Ortho-rectifiedTopographical base maps

64.3.1 GIS

74.3.1 GIS

84.3.1 GIS

Urban GIS

94.3.1 GIS

Spatial Data Types: Points, Lines and Polygons

104.3.1 GIS

Mapping Census Variables

114.3.1 GIS

Location of Sample Survey Households Bangalore 100 wards

Source:SDS-World Bank Policy Research Program

124.3.1 GIS

Parcel-based Mapping

134.3.1 GIS

Rural Poverty Mapping

• Spatial Units and level of aggregation

www.povertymap.net • Measurement of Poverty

Income/expenditure, environment and health, services• Rural-Urban divide

Continuum not a rigid dichotomy

144.3.1 GIS

154.3.1 GIS

Spatial Dimension of Urban Poverty

Assumptions:• Spatial concentration of social exclusion; the divided city• Poverty mapping will support poverty alleviation through

increased efficiency of spatial targeting of public investments

Identify problem, define variables (land and housing) and poverty context (employment, fiscal-social policies)

Analyze causes, understanding spatial dimension of poverty

Addressing poverty, develop poverty alleviation policies and programs

164.3.1 GIS

Spatial Dimension of Urban Poverty

• Intra-urban differentials, urban poverty is site specific• Constructing poverty profiles• Pockets of poverty, pockets of greatest deprivation• Correlation between poverty and environmental indicators• Correlation between poverty and accessibility (roads,

services

174.3.1 GIS

Urban Poverty Mapping

Application of Poverty Mapping• Understanding, awareness and transparency, facilitate public

and institutional participation

• Intervention, support state and local decision making, targeting of public expenditures, tool for implementation of poverty reduction programs

• Linkage to other (GIS) applications and development of (inter)institutional spatial databases

184.3.1 GIS

Urban Poverty Mapping

Why• A city is a place for the rich AND the poor• Intra-city differentials (gated communities)• Good and bad (‘slums’) living environmentAim/Vision• Better spatial information – better citiesHow• Statistical tools and GIS for data processingRelevance• Geo-visualization of urban poverty and sub-standard living

conditions for targeting public investment

194.3.1 GIS

Poverty Mapping, Generic Stepshttp://population.wri.org

1. Define purpose and expected use of mapping

2. Select measure(s) of poverty and human well-being

3. Select input data

4. Select method of estimating or calculating poverty indicator

5. Select a method to calculate, estimate, or display poverty indicator for a geographic area

6. Decide on number of units for final map (resolution)

7. Produce and distribute maps

8. Monitor usage and feedback

204.3.1 GIS

Spatial Micro Simulation of Informal Households in Metro Manila

214.3.1 GIS

Enschede

224.3.1 GIS

234.3.1 GIS

ArcView and ACCESS

244.3.1 GIS

Introduction Exercises 4.3.1a/b

• Classify Age (interval data) into young and old categories• Add database to ArcView files• Join database to a map• Query database and visualize data• Repeat exercise for income and number of foreigners

254.3.1 GIS

Introduction Exercises 4.3.1 a/b

264.3.1 GIS

Introduction Exercises 4.3.1 a/b

274.3.1 GIS

Introduction Exercises 4.3.1 a/b

284.3.1 GIS

Introduction Exercises 4.3.1 a/b