4/11/ 12 Bell Ringer
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Transcript of 4/11/ 12 Bell Ringer
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4/11/ 12Bell Ringer
1. What does incomplete dominance mean?
2. If I had a Red Homozygous Flower and a White Homozygous Flower, what would the Heterozygous Flower look like in incomplete dominance?
3. If I had a Dark Brown Homozygous Horse and a White Homozygous Horse, what would the Heterozygous Horse look like in incomplete dominance?
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Incomplete Dominance
oWhen one allele is not completely dominant over another.
oHeterozygous phenotype is between the two homozygous phenotypes.
Homozygous Heterozygous Homozygous
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RR R’R’
RR
R’
R’
RR’
RR’RR’
RR’
x
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Now you try one
A Heterozygous snapdragon flower is crossed with another Heterozygous
snapdragon flower. What Genotypes and Phenotypes could the offspring
potentially have?
x
RR’ RR’
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R
R R’
R’
R R
R’ R’R R’
R R’
25% RR50% R R’25% R’ R’
25% Red50% Pink25% White
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Codominance
oWhen two dominant alleles are expressed at the same time.
o The phenotypes of both homozygotes are produced in heterozygotes.
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x
BB WW
B B
W
W BWBW
BWBW
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Now you try one
A Heterozygous Chicken is crossed with a Homozygous White Chicken. What
Genotypes and Phenotypes could the offspring potentially have?
WWBW
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W W
B
W WWWW
BWBW
50% BW50% WW
50% Checkered50% White
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Multiple Alleles
o Some traits can have multiple alleles that control what phenotype an organism will have.
B
A= Dominant
B
= Dominant to b but recessive to B A
b
= Recessive to both of the other alleles
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Multiple Alleles In Humans
BLOOD TYPING:Single gene that has multiple alleles
O
A B
AB
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How is a person’s blood type determined?
oBy the presence or absence of large molecules (Antigens) on the red blood cells.
o Antibodies (part of our immune system) react with foreign antigens so it is important for doctors to know their patients blood type.
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ABO Blood GroupHUMAN BLOOD TYPES
PHENOTYPE GENOTYPE
A AA or AO
B BB or BO
AB AB
O OO
There are 3 alleles for blood typeA, B, and O
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HUMAN BLOOD TYPES
PHENOTYPE GENOTYPE
A AA or AO
B BB or BO
AB AB
O OO
A is dominant to OB is dominant to O
A and B are Codominant
There are 3 alleles for blood type:A, B, and O
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A B O
A AA AB AO
B AB BB BO
O AO BO OO
How many different allele combinations are there for Blood Type?
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A person with the blood type AA is crossed with a person with the
blood type BB. What blood types could their offspring have?
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A A
BB
ABABAB AB
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One parent has the blood type A and the other blood type B. What are the
genotypes of the parents if they produce children with only blood type
AB?
Parents Phenotype
Parents Genotype Type A
Type B
or
or
A A A O
B B B O
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A A
B
B
ABAB
AB AB
A A
O
B
AOAO
AB AB
A O
B
B
BOAB
AB BO
A O
O
B
OOAO
AB BO