4 - 1 Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005 Capitalist Ideology Four Fundamental Questions What to...

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4 - 1 Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005 Capitalist Id eology Four Fundamen tal Questions What to Produ ce? How to Produc e? Who Gets Prod uction? Can System Ac commodate Cha nge? Invisible Han d Key Terms Previo us Slide Next Slid e End End Show Show 4 C H A P T E R The Market System

Transcript of 4 - 1 Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005 Capitalist Ideology Four Fundamental Questions What to...

4 - 1Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

4C H A P T E R

The Market System

4 - 2Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

FREEDOM OFENTERPRISE

& CHOICE

PRIVATEPROPERTY

SELF-INTEREST

COMPETITION

4 - 3Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

FREEDOM OFENTERPRISE

& CHOICE

PRIVATEPROPERTY

SELF-INTEREST

COMPETITION

LARGENUMBERS

ENTRY &EXIT

CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

4 - 4Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

MARKETS& PRICES

FREEDOM OFENTERPRISE

& CHOICE

PRIVATEPROPERTY

ACTIVE, BUTLIMITED,

GOVERNMENT

SELF-INTEREST

COMPETITION

CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

4 - 5Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

GLOBAL PERSPECTIVEIndex of Economic Freedom, Selected Nations

1 Hong Kong3 New Zealand6 United States

16 Chile18 Canada40 France

72 Malaysia99 Pakistan127 China146 Iran155 Cuba

156 North Korea

FREE

MOSTLYFREE

MOSTLYUNFREE

REPRESSED

Rankings among 156 nations, 2003

Source: Heritage Foundation & The Wall Street Journal

4 - 6Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Other CharacteristicsCAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

Reliance on Technologyand Capital Goods

RoundaboutProduction

4 - 7Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Other Characteristics

Reliance on Technologyand Capital Goods

Specialization and Efficiency

CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

4 - 8Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Other Characteristics

Reliance on Technologyand Capital Goods

Specialization and Efficiency

•Division of Labor

CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

4 - 9Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Other Characteristics

Reliance on Technologyand Capital Goods

Specialization and Efficiency

•Differences in Ability•Fosters Learning by Doing•Saves Time

CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

4 - 10Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Other Characteristics

Reliance on Technologyand Capital Goods

Specialization and Efficiency

•Geographic Specialization

CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

4 - 11Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Use of Money

Other Characteristics

Reliance on Technologyand Capital Goods

Specialization and Efficiency

As a Medium of Exchange

CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

4 - 12Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Use of Money

Other Characteristics

Reliance on Technologyand Capital Goods

Specialization and Efficiency

Barter System Difficulties

CAPITALIST IDEOLOGY

4 - 13Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

The Four Fundamental Questions...What will be produced?

THE MARKET SYSTEM AT WORK

4 - 14Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

The Four Fundamental Questions...

How will the goods be produced?

What will be produced?

THE MARKET SYSTEM AT WORK

4 - 15Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

The Four Fundamental Questions...

How will the goods be produced?

What will be produced?

Who will get the goods and services?

THE MARKET SYSTEM AT WORK

4 - 16Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

The Four Fundamental Questions...

How will the goods be produced?

What will be produced?

Who will get the goods and services?How will the system accommodate change?

THE MARKET SYSTEM AT WORK

4 - 17Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Economic or Pure ProfitNormal ProfitExpanding IndustryDeclining IndustryConsumer Sovereignty

WHAT WILL BE PRODUCED?Economic Profit = Total Revenue – Total Cost

4 - 18Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Economic or Pure ProfitNormal ProfitExpanding IndustryDeclining IndustryConsumer Sovereignty

•Dollar VotesMarket Restraints on Freedom

•Derived Demand

WHAT WILL BE PRODUCED?Economic Profit = Total Revenue – Total Cost

4 - 19Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Least Cost Production•Resource Prices•Resource Productivity•Transportation Costs

Available TechnologyEconomic Efficiency

HOW WILL THE GOODS ANDSERVICES BE PRODUCED?

4 - 20Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Market SystemRationing Function of

Equilibrium PricesIncome ConstraintsResource Prices

WHO WILL GET THE GOODSAND SERVICES?

4 - 21Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

Dynamic Market SystemsGuiding Function of PricesRole in Promoting ProgressTechnological Advance

•Creative DestructionCapital Accumulation

HOW WILL THE SYSTEMACCOMMODATE CHANGE?

4 - 22Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

The Case for the Market System

EfficiencyIncentivesFreedom

COMPETITION ANDTHE INVISIBLE HAND

private property

freedom of enterprise

freedom of choice

self-interest

competition

roundabout production

specialization

division of labor

medium of exchange

barter

money

Four Fundamental Questions

economic costs

normal profit

economic profit

expanding industry

declining industry

consumer sovereignty

dollar votes

derived demand

guiding function of prices

creative destruction

“invisible hand”Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005 BACK END

4 - 24Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005

Capitalist Ideology

Four Fundamental Questions

What to Produce?

How to Produce?

Who Gets Production?

Can System Accommodate Change?

Invisible Hand

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndEndShowShow

THE U.S. ECONOMYTHE U.S. ECONOMYComing up next...

Chapter 5

Private and Public Sectors