3G2 - Third Generation Gangs
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3G2 Based on the coining and development of the phrase Third Generation Street Gangs by John P. Sullivan and Dr. Robert Bunker
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Some gangs evolve/transition through three generations: Turf gangs, Market-oriented drug gangs, and a mix of political and mercenary elements Third Generation Gangs, or 3G2, have Economic and military power equal or better than many nation-states, a propensity for indiscriminate violence, intimidation, coercion, transcending borders, and targeting nation-states. They are a significant national security threat and both a regional and transnational phenomenon.
Transcript of 3G2 - Third Generation Gangs
3G2Based on the coining and development
of the phrase Third Generation Street Gangs by John P. Sullivan and Dr. Robert Bunker
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Third Generation Street Gangs
Some gangs evolve/transition through three generationsTurf gangsMarket-oriented drug gangsMix of political and mercenary elements
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Three factors determine evolutionary potential
PoliticizationInternationalizationSophistication
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Characteristics of Street Gang Generations
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First Generation GangsTraditional street gangs - turf orientation Lower end of extreme societal violenceLoose leadership Focus on turf protection and gang loyaltyCriminal activity - opportunistic and localLimited in political scope and sophistication
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Second Generation GangsEntrepreneurial and drug-centered
Protect markets - use violence to control competition
Broader market, sometimes overtly political
Broader spatial or geographic area
Sometimes multi-state and international
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Third Generation GangsEvolved political aimsOperate or aspire to operate globally
Garner power, aid financial acquisition, mercenary-type activities
Most primarily mercenary Some seek to further political and social objectives
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Potential Third Generation Gangs:
18th StreetMara SalvatruchaGangster DisciplesVice LordsCalle TreintaPagadHard Livings
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Third Generation GangsEconomic and military power equal or better than many nation-states.
Propensity for indiscriminate violence, intimidation, coercion, transcending borders, and targeting nation-states
Significant national security threats Both regional and transnational phenomenon
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BibliographySullivan, J. P. (2001). Gangs, Hooligans, and
Anarchists: The Vanguard of Netwar in the Streets. In J. Arquilla, & D. Ronfeldt (Eds.), Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy (pp. pp. 99-126). Santa Monica: RAND.
Sullivan, J. P. and Bunker, R. J. (2003) “Drug Cartels, Street Gangs, and Warlords,” in Robert J. Bunker, ed., Nonstate Threats and Future Wars, London: Frank Cass
Manwaring, Max G. (2005) Street Gangs: The new urban insurgency. Available at http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/display.cfm?PubID=597
