35 Wellbore Surveying Methods
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Transcript of 35 Wellbore Surveying Methods
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1PETE 411Well Drilling
Lesson 35
Wellbore Surveying Methods
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2Wellbore Surveying Methods
Average Angle Balanced Tangential Minimum Curvature Radius of Curvature Tangential
Other Topics Kicking off from Vertical Controlling Hole Angle
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3Read:Applied Drilling Engineering, Ch.8
(~ first 20 pages)
Projects:Due Monday, December 9, 5 p.m.
( See comments on previous years design projects )
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4Homework Problem #18
Balanced Cement Plug
Due Friday, December 6
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5I, A, MD
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6Example - Wellbore Survey Calculations
The table below gives data from a directional survey.
Survey Point Measured Depth Inclination Azimuthalong the wellbore Angle Angle
ft I, deg A, deg
A 3,000 0 20B 3,200 6 6C 3,600 14 20D 4,000 24 80
Based on known coordinates for point C well calculate the coordinates of point D using the above information.
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7Example - Wellbore Survey CalculationsPoint C has coordinates:
x = 1,000 (ft) positive towards the easty = 1,000 (ft) positive towards the northz = 3,500 (ft) TVD, positive downwards
z
E (x)
N (y)C
Dz
N
D
C
yx
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8Example - Wellbore Survey Calculations
I. Calculate the x, y, and z coordinatesof points D using:
(i) The Average Angle method(ii) The Balanced Tangential method(iii) The Minimum Curvature method
(iv) The Radius of Curvature method(v) The Tangential method
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9The Average Angle Method
Find the coordinates of point D using the Average Angle Method
At point C, x = 1,000 fty = 1,000 ftz = 3,500 ft
80 A 24I 20 A 14I
DD
CC
========
========
ft400MDD, toCfromdepthMeasured ====
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10
The Average Angle Method
80 A 24I 20 A 14I
ft 400MD D, to C from depth Measured
DD
CC
========
========
====
z
E (x)
N (y)
C
Dz
N
D
C
yx
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11
The Average Angle Method
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12
The Average Angle Method
This method utilizes the average of I1 and I2 as an inclination, the average of A1 and A2 as a direction, and assumes the entire survey interval (MD) to be tangent to the average angle.
From: API Bulletin D20. Dec. 31, 1985
2III 21AVG
++++====
AVGAVG AsinIsinMDEast ====
AVGIcosMDVert ====
2AAA 21AVG
++++====
AVGAVG AcosIsinMDNorth ====
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13
192
24142
III DCAVG ====++++
====
++++====
The Average Angle Method
502
80202
AAA DCAVG ====++++
====
++++====
AVEAVG AsinIsinMDEast ==== 50sinsin19400x ====
ft76.99x ====
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14
The Average Angle Method
AVGIcos400Vert ====cos19400z ====
AVGAVG AcosIsinMDNorth ====
ft 71.83y ====
50cossin19400y ====
ft21.378z ====
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15
The Average Angle Method
At Point D,
x = 1,000 + 99.76 = 1,099.76 ft
y = 1,000 + 83.71 = 1,083.71 ft
z = 3,500 + 378.21 = 3,878.21 ft
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16
The Balanced Tangential Method
This method treats half the measured distance (MD/2) as being tangent to I1 and A1 and the remainder of the measured distance (MD/2) as being tangent to I2 and A2.
From: API Bulletin D20. Dec. 31, 1985
[[[[ ]]]]2211 AsinIsinAsinIsin2MDEast ++++====
[[[[ ]]]]2211 AcosIsinAcosIsin2MDNorth ++++====
[[[[ ]]]]12 IcosIcos2MDVert ++++====
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17
The Balanced Tangential Method
(((( ))))DDCC AsinIsinAsinIsin2MDEast ++++====
(((( ))))oooo 80sin24sin20sin14sin2
400++++====
ft66.96x ====
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18
The Balanced Tangential Method
(((( ))))DDCC AcosIsinAcosIsin2MDNorth ++++====
(((( ))))oooo 80cos24sin20cos14sin2
400++++====
ft59.59y ====
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19
The Balanced Tangential Method
(((( ))))CD IcosIcos2MDVert ++++====
(((( ))))oo 14cos24cos2
400++++====
ft77.376z ====
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20
The Balanced Tangential Method
At Point D,
x = 1,000 + 96.66 = 1,096.66 ft
y = 1,000 + 59.59 = 1,059.59 ft
z = 3,500 + 376.77 = 3,876.77 ft
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21
Minimum Curvature Method
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22
Minimum Curvature Method
This method smooths the two straight-line segments of the Balanced Tangential Method using the Ratio Factor RF.
(DL= and must be in radians)2tan2RF ====
[[[[ ]]]] RFAcosIsinAcosIsin2MDNorth 2211 ++++
====
[[[[ ]]]] RFAsinIsinAsinIsin2MDEast 2211 ++++
====
[[[[ ]]]] RFIcosIcos2MDVert 21 ++++
====
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23
Minimum Curvature Method
(((( )))) (((( )))))AAcos(1IsinIsinIIcoscos CDDCCD ====
(((( )))) (((( )))))2080cos(124sin14sin1424cos o00ooo ====cos = 0.9356
= 20.67o = 0.3608 radians
The Dogleg Angle, , is given by:
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24
Minimum Curvature Method
The Ratio Factor,
2tan2RF ====
====
267.20tan
3608.02RF
o
0110.1RF====
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25
Minimum Curvature Method
(((( ))))RFAsinIsinAsinIsin2MDEast DDCC ++++
====
(((( )))) 0110.180sin24sin20sin14sin2
400 oooo ++++====
ft72.97x ====
ft72.97011.1*66.96 ========
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Minimum Curvature Method
(((( ))))RFAcosIsinAcosIsin2MDNorth DDCC ++++
====
ft25.60y ====
ft25.60011.1*59.59 ========
(((( )))) 0110.180cos24sin20cos14sin2
400 oooo ++++====
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27
Minimum Curvature Method
(((( ))))RFIcosIcos2MDVert CD ++++
====
(((( )))) 0110.114cos24cos2
400 oo ++++====
ft91.380z ====
ft91.3800110.1*77.376 ========
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28
Minimum Curvature Method
At Point D,
x = 1,000 + 97.72 = 1,097.72 ft
y = 1,000 + 60.25 = 1,060.25 ft
z = 3,500 + 380.91 = 3,880.91 ft
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29
The Radius of Curvature Method
(((( )))) (((( ))))(((( )))) (((( ))))
2
CDCD
DCDC 180AAII
AcosAcosIcosIcosMDEast
====
(((( )))) (((( ))))(((( )))) (((( ))))
2oooo 18020801424
80cos20cos24cos14cos400
====
ft 14.59 x ====
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30
The Radius of Curvature Method
2
CDCD
CDDC 180)AA()II(
)AsinA(sin)IcosI(cosMDNorth
====
2180)2080)(1424(
)20sin80)(sin24cos400(cos14
====
ft 79.83 y ====
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31
The Radius of Curvature Method
==== 180
II)IsinI(sinMDVert
CD
CD
ft 73.773 z ====
====
1801424
)14sin24(sin400 oo
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32
The Radius of Curvature Method
At Point D,
x = 1,000 + 95.14 = 1,095.14 ft
y = 1,000 + 79.83 = 1,079.83 ft
z = 3,500 + 377.73 = 3,877.73 ft
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33
The Tangential Method
ft 400MD D, to C from depth Measured ====
80 A 24I 20 A 14I
DD
CC
========
========
80sinsin24400 ====
DD AsinIsinMDEast ====
ft 22.160x ====
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34
The Tangential Method
DIcosMDVert ====24cos400 ====
ft 42.365z ====
DD AcosIsinMDNorth ====
ft 25.28y ====
oo 80cos24sin400====
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35
The Tangential Method
ft 3,865.42365.423,500z
ft 1,028.2528.251,000 y
ft 1,160.22160.221,000x
D,Point At
====++++====
====++++====
====++++====
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36
Summary of Results (to the nearest ft)
x y z
Average Angle 1,100 1,084 3,878
Balanced Tangential 1,097 1,060 3,877
Minimum Curvature 1,098 1,060 3,881
Radius of Curvature 1,095 1,080 3,878
Tangential Method 1,160 1,028 3,865
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37
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38
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39
Building Hole Angle
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40
Holding Hole Angle
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41
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42
CLOSURE
LEAD ANGLE
(HORIZONTAL) DEPARTURE
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43
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44
Tool Face Angle