3.2 System Design For Eco Efficiency

Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy

carlo vezzolipolitecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy

Learning Network on Sustainability

course System Design for Sustainabilitysubject 3. System design for eco-efficency

learning resource 3.2System design for eco-efficiency


CONTENTS System design for eco-efficiency: approach

“satisfaction-system” approach“stakeholders’ interactions” approach “eco-efficiency-oriented” system approach

System design for eco-efficiency criteriaSystem life optimisationTransportation-distribution reductionResources reductionWaste minimisation-valorisationConservation-biocompatibilityToxic reduction


CONSOLIDATION(research achievements)

(edu

catio

n an

d pr

actic

e)DI

SSEM

INAT

ION

100%

100%

0new research frontier …

low impactmat./energies

design for social equity and

cohesion

system design for eco-efficiency

Product Life Cycle Design

ecodesignwidening the “object” to

be

designed

… aim atSYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY: STATE OF ART (in industrially mature countries)


SYSTEM INNOVATION MAIN CHARACTERISTIC:

ROOTED IN A SATISFACTION-BASED ECONOMIC MODELeach offer is developed/designed and delivered in relation to a particular customer “satisfaction”

STAKEHOLDER INTERACTIONS-BASED INNOVATION radical innovations, not so much as technological ones, as new interactions/partnerships between the stakeholders of a particular satisfaction production chain (life cycle/s)

INTRINSIC ECO-EFFICIENCY POTENTIALinnovations that could lead up to new economic interest convergences between the stakeholders, characterized by an intrinsic eco-efficiency


1. “SATISFACTION-SYSTEM” APPROACH DEMAND-SATISFACTION DESIGN

2. “STAKEHOLDER INTERACTIONS” APPROACH STAKEHOLDER CONFIGURATION DESIGN

3. “SUSTAINABILITY-ORIENTED” SYSTEM APPROACH

SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY: APPROACH


1. “SATISFACTION-SYSTEM” APPROACH DEMAND-SATISFACTION DESIGN

THERE IS NOT ONE SINGLE PRODUCT TO BE DESIGNED (ASSESSED), BUT RATHER ALL THE PRODUCTS AND SERVICES (AND ALL THE RELATED PROCESSES) ASSOCIATED WITH THE FULFILMENT OF A PARTICULAR (CUSTOMER) DEMAND OF SATISFACTION

... A SATISFACTION UNIT COULD BE DEFINED


SATISFACTION UNIT:(a car):functional unit: trasportation of one persosn (per one km)

(possible with a car)satisfaction unit 1: one person having access to his/her working space (per one year)satisfaction unit 2: one person having access to public services delivering personal documents (per one year). ...

a satisfaction unit require an approach at the same time:. wider (more products, services, stakeholders to be considered). more narrow (looking at one specific final customer satisfaction)


SATISFACTION APPROACH IN DESIGN

IS TO THINK MORE ON BEING (SATISFIED), RATHER ON HAVING (PRODUCTS TO BE SATISFIED)

[Ehrnelfeld, Sustainability by design, MIT, 2008]


SATISFACTIONOFFERINGDIAGRAMM


… a parallel with product design: it defines the technical performance and aesthetic characteristics of its “components” – materials/shape - and its “connections” – joining elements - to respond to a set of “requirements”

systems design for eco-efficiency should imagine and promote innovative types of“connections” – interactions/partnerships – between appropriate “components” – socio-economic stakeholders – of a system, responding to a particular “requirement” - social demand for satisfaction -

2. “STAKEHOLDER INTERACTIONS” APPROACH STAKEHOLDER CONFIGURATION DESIGN


SYSTEM MAP


> CRITERIA AND GUIDELINES ARE NEEDED> METHODS AND TOOLS ARE NEEDED to orientate design towards system eco-efficent stakeholder interactions

3. NOT ALL SYSTEM INNOVATION ARE ECO-EFFICENT!


SDO SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN-ORIANTING TOOLKIT


DEFINITION:“the design for eco-efficiency of the system of products and services that are together able to fulfil a particular demand of (customer) “satisfaction”, as well as the design of the interaction of the stakeholders directly and indirectly linked to that “satisfaction” system”(VEZZOLI, Maggioli, Milan, 2007)

SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY


- design an integrated system of products and services fulfilling a particular demand for “satisfaction”

- promote/facilitate new socio-economic stakeholder interactions (configurations)

- promote/facilitate participated design between different stakeholders

- ORIENTATE THE ABOVE PROCESSES TOWARDS ECO-EFFICENT SOLUTIONS

… introducing system inn. in design for eco-efficiency ...

REQUIRES NEW (STRATEGIC) DESIGN SKILLS:


some are the methods/tools for system design and its orientation towards eco-efficient solutions

METHODS/TOOLS


some methods/tools developed to orientate system design towards sustainable solutions:

[EU RESEARCHES: MEPSS, HICS, PROSECCO, …]

METHODS/TOOLS

MEPSS, EU RESEARCH, 2005

van Halen, Vezzoli & Wimmer, Methodology for product service system innovation,Van Gorcum, Assen, The Netherlands, 2005

HiCS, EU RESEARCH, 2005

Manzini, Collina & Evans, Highly Customerised Solutions, Cranfield University, 2006


STRATEGIC ANALYSIS Gaining the information needed to facilitate the generation of ideas oriented towards sustainability

EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES

SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN

SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.)

COMMUNICATION

MSDS PHASES OBJECTIVES

Producing a “catalogue” of promising strategic possibilities, i.e. a sustainability design-orienting sceanario

Defining one or more system concept oriented towards sustainability

Developing the most promising system concept in a detailed version necessariy to its implementation

Producing the documents for the external communication of the solution’s characteristics (general characteristics but above all the sustainability ones)

ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERSANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT

ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICESANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE

DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES

IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS

VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENTENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL) ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK

DOCUMENTS EDITING


MODULAR METHOD:

1. enabling to START up the process at any stage

2. enabling to use a SELECTED set of processes and tools

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS

EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES

SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN

SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.)

COMMUNICATION

ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERSANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT

ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICESANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE

DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES

IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS

VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENTENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL) ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK

DOCUMENTS EDITING

MSDS PHASES


SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY CRITERIA

System life optimisationTransportation-distribution reductionResources reductionWaste minimisation-valorisationConservation-biocompatibilityToxic reduction


SYSTEM LIFE OPTIMISATION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO,EXTENDING THE SUM OF THE PRODUCTS’ LIFE SPAN ANDINTENSIFYING THE SUM OF THE PRODUCTS’ USE


PRODUCTION

DISTRIBUTION

USE

PRE-PRODUCTION

NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNIQUES WITH LOWER USE CONSUMPTION

USE

DISP.

P-PR.

PROD.

DISTR.UPDATING OF THE COMPONENTS CAUSING CONSUMPTION

PRE-PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION

DISTRIBUTION

USE

DISPOSAL

given function in time

PRE-PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION

DISTRIBUTION

USE USE

AVOIDED IMPACTS LIGHTER IMPACTSshort product’s (system sum) life

extended product’s (system sum) life


P-PROD. PROD. DISTR. DISP.

use (function) during time




B 1 B 2 B 3A 1 A 2 A 3C 1 C 2 C 3

A 1 A 2 A 3

B 1 B 2 B 3

C 1 C 2 C 3 LIFE

INDI

PEND

ENT

FROM

LEN

GHT

OF U

SE

AVOIDED IMPACTS

product’s (system sum) not intense life

product’s (system sum) intense life


Ds

Ds

Ds

PP P Dt

PP P Dt

PP P Dt

PP P Dt Ds

use (function) during of time

PP P Dt Ds

PP P Dt Ds

NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNIQUES WITH LOWER USE CONSUMPTION

NEW PRE AND POST CONSUMPTION TECHNOLOGIES WITH LOWER IMPACT

LIFE

FUN

CTIO

N OF

LEN

GHT

OF U

SE

product’s (system sum) not intense life

product’s (system sum) intense lifeLIGHTER IMPACTS LIGHTER IMPACTS


TRANSPORTATION/DISTRIBUTION REDUCTION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO,REDUCING THE SUM OF THE TRANSPORTATIONS AND PACKAGINGS


RESOURCES REDUCTION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO,REDUCING THE SUM OF THE RESOURCES USED BY ALL PRODUCTS AND SERVICES OF THE SYSTEM


RESOURCES CONSERVATION for future generations

(ENVIRONMENTAL) IMPACT AVOIDANCEpre-production, production, distribution and disposal of the not used resource quantitative

RESOURCES MINIMISATIONquantitative impact reduction (whole of the PPSS)

DESIGN FOR:


WASTE MINIMISATION/VALORISATION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO,IMPROVING THE SUM OF THE SYSTEM RECYCLING, ENERGY RECOVERY AND COMPOSTINGAND REDUCING THE SUM OF THE WASTE PRODUCED


PRE-PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE

LANDFILL


PRE-PRODUCTION


RECYCLINGCOMBUSTIONCOMPOSTING

PRE-PRODUCTION

material (system sum) non-extended life

material (system sum) extended life

AVOIDED IMPACTS ADDITIONAL IMPACTS


CONSERVATION/BIOCOMPATIBILITY

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO, IMPROVING THE SUM OF THE SYSTEM’S RESOURCES CONSERVATION/RENEWABILITY


TOXIC REDUCTION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO,REDUCING/AVOIDING THE SUM OF THE SYSTEM’S RESOURCES TOXICITY AND HARMFULNESS


FOR DECISION MAKING (DESIGNING)identify the (environmental) design PRIORITIES:> CRITERIA relevance (relative) per system type> most promising stakeholders’ INTERACTIONS

types (criteria related GUIDELINES)

INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA (AND RELATED GUIDELINES)

FOR A GIVEN SATISFACTION SYSTEM:- some have HIGHER RELEVANCE than others - can be SYNERGETIC or CONFLICTING

3.2 System Design For Eco Efficiency

Business

Transcript of 3.2 System Design For Eco Efficiency