26.3 The Cold War at home
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Transcript of 26.3 The Cold War at home
26.3 The Cold War at home
Peter Jacobsen
• • Huac- • House Committee on Un-American
Activities, it was created from a congressional committee that’s purpose was to search out disloyalty before WW2. It’s so-called “claim to fame” was in 1947 when it began to investigate communist activities in the movie industry.
• • Hollywood 10-• The Hollywood 10 was 10 men that were
suspended from, the movie business when the HUAC accused them of being communist; they testified and were eventually sent to prison because they refused to answer the committee’s questions.
Key Terms
• • Blacklist- • A list made by the executives of
Hollywood, pointing out anybody who was believed to have a communist background. If you were put on that list, your career was essentially over because you couldn’t get any jobs.
• • Alger Hiss-• A man accused of being a soviet spy.
The man accusing him was Whittaker Chambers. Hiss was eventually accused of perjury and was sent to jail
Key Terms
• • Ethel and Julius Rosenberg-• The Rosenberg’s were members of the
American Communist party. They were involved with a case about leaking secret information about our atomic bomb to the soviets. They were convicted and given the death penalty
• • Senator Joseph McCarthy-• From Wisconsin, McCarthy, looking for a
way to get re-elected, decided to add to the concern about communism by making multiple accusations about communists in the government. He especially accused the democratic party of treason.
Key Terms
• • McCarthyism-• The term for McCarthy’s
technique of accusing members of the government of communism. After McCarthy publicly made accusations on the U.S. Army, he lost public support.
Key Terms
• Many were concerned when finding out that there were many communists/Russian spies in the country
• 80,000 Americans claimed to have affiliations with Communist party
• Many believed Truman wasn’t strict enough on communism in the United States
Concern at Home
• Many were afraid of being accused of communism let alone actually being communist
• Actors were afraid of being blacklisted, as it would end careers
• Regular civilians were also afraid to branch out and act different because that would lead to people accusing you of being communist.
Fear of being Accused
• 1947-HUAC and the Hollywood 10• 1948- Hiss accused of being a soviet spy• 1950- Rosenberg’s given death penalty for
leaking information about nuclear weapons to the soviets
• 1950-McCarran Act- outlawed any chance for totalitarian dictatorship in the US
• 1952- McCarthy’s accusations
Key Events
Two Nations Live on the Edge
26.4
Race for the H-Bomb
• 1949-soviets explore first atomic bomb• Truman orders the creation of a more
powerful bomb• 1952-united states explodes the first
thermonuclear device the H-bomb• 1953-Russia explodes a thermonuclear device
Brinkmanship is the way to go
• The us strategy was to keep peace by using all its force against any nation
• This promise would insure peace• What is this?• Brinkmanship • John Foster Dulles created this policy
The Cia’s “Covert operations”
• The president feared that Iran would turn to communism because its economy had faltered
• So he sent the CIA in and they convinced the shah or Iran to throw him out and replace him with someone the west liked
• This protected Iran • The CIA also operate against the government of
Guatemala because they believed them to be communist
Soviet Union activities
• Created the Warsaw pact which was an alliance with all the nations under their control
• In Hungary Khrushchev the premier of the soviet union promoted a reform minded leader for the country
• But then when Hungary wanted to leave the Warsaw pact they sent tanks in and killed 30,000 protesters
The cold war takes to the skies
• Russia starts the space race by launching Sputnik on October 4, 1957
• The US begins to use high altitude U-2 planes to capture images of the soviet union with high resolution
• The last U-2 flight was shot down and the pilot Francis Gary Powers was captured and tortured
Americas leader
• Dwight D. Eisenhower was president during this time
• He was a general in WW2 and strongly against communism
• He created the Eisenhower doctrine • What is it?• It stated that the US would defend the middle
east against any attack by a communist country
Key Terms
• H-Bomb-Hydrogen Bomb• Brinkmanship-The willingness to go to the
brink or edge of war• CIA-Central Intelligence Agency used spies to
gather information abroad• Warsaw Pact-Military alliance between the
Soviet Union and the satellite nations it controlled in Eastern Europe.
Key Terms continued
• Eisenhower Doctrine-Said that the United States would defend the Middle East against attack by any communist country
• U-2 incident-When a CIA spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union while trying to take infrared pictures.
People
• Francis Gary Powers-The man piloting the u-2 plane when it was shot down over the Soviet Union
• John Foster Dulles--Secretary of State under Eisenhower
• Had an aggressive stance against communism and negotiated treaties to prevent it
• Hated communism
Postwar America 27.1
By Joshua Smith
Key terms
• GI Bill of Rights• Suburbs• Harry S Truman• Dixicrats • Fair Deal• Dwight D Eisenhower
Readjustment and Recovery
• The GI Bill of rights was passed in 1944 it
encouraged Veterans of World war II to get an
education and it helped them buy houses.
• There where these new living areas on the rise
called suburbs which were residential areas
outside the city
Suburb
Suburb in the 1950
Readjustment and Recovery
• In the 1950’s the divorce rate became higher.• The gov. had to cancel war contracts they cost
35 billion dollars.• People started to spend more money.•
Economic Challenges
• When Truman was in office he inherited economic challenges.
• 4.5 million people went on strike. Then The workers slowly went back to work.
Social Unrest
• Truman Says “I am asking for equal opportunity for all human beings… and if that ends up in my failure to be reelected that failure will be in a good cause” Truman says in this quote that he is a advocate for civil rights
• The Dixicrats were a political party who opposed Civil Rights.
Dixicrats
• This is a picture of a • Dixicrat rally
Social Unrest
• Jackie Robinson becomes the first black man to play Major league baseball.
Fair Deal
• Truman had an expansion of FDR’s New Deal called the Fair deal.
• This deal has to do with helping people get Health insurance.