26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)
-
Upload
mashitadyah -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
1
description
Transcript of 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)
![Page 1: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE BASIC CONCEPTOF PSYCHIATRY
Dr. Lynna Lidyana SpKJ
![Page 2: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1. General systems theory2. Model of disease3. Doctor - Patient Models4. Concept of Normality5. Psychiatry and Psychology6. Definition of Mental Disorder
* Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ. Synopsis of Psychiatry Behavioral Sciences / Clinical Psychiatry, 8th.ed., 1998* American Psychiatry Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed (DSM-
IV). 1994
![Page 3: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Biological Systems
The Psychological
Systems
The Social
Systems
GENERAL SYSTEMS THEORY
![Page 4: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Biological Systems :
• anatomical
• structural biological functioning
• molecular
The Psychological Systems
• psychodynamic the experience of events /
factors illness
• motivation reaction to events / illness
• personality
![Page 5: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Social Systems :
• cultural the expression
• environmental experience of events /
• familiar illness
![Page 6: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
MODEL OF DISEASE
The General Systems Theory
The Biopsychosocial Model of Disease
( George Engel )
Stressed an integrated system approach to human behaviour and disease
![Page 7: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Each system affects and is affected by all the others
Promote a comprehensive understanding of disease and treatment
The doctor - patient relationship is a critical component
![Page 8: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
A dramatic example of Engel’s concept
The relation between sudden death (170) and psychosocial factors
The potential triggering events :• death of close friend• grief• loss of self esteem• personal danger of threat• the letdown after the threat has passed• triumph• reunion
![Page 9: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
All physicians must have knowledge of :
• patient’s medical status
• how patients individual psychology and sociocultural millieu affect the medical condition
• the emotional responses to the condition and the involvement with the doctor
![Page 10: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
DOCTOR-PATIENT MODELS
1. The active - passive model :a patient ‘s complete passivitya physician’s taking control
when patients are unconscious,immobilized, delirious.
![Page 11: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2. The teacher - student model :
• The role of the physician is paternalistic and controlling.
• The role of the patient is essentially one of dependence and acceptance
during a patient’s recovery from surgery
![Page 12: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
3. The mutual participation model :
• equality between doctor and patient
• both participation require and depend on each other’s input.
• Chronic illness : renal failure and diabetes
• conditions such as pneumonia
![Page 13: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
4. The friendship model :
• dysfunctional
• unethical
![Page 14: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
CONCEPT OF NORMALITY
• The normal person has a sense of his or her own worth and maintain a confident and purposeful self-image
• Behavior is assumed to be within normal limits : no manifest psychopathology
![Page 15: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The doctor attemps to free patients from grossly observable signs and symptoms of disease
Health is a reasonable, rather than optimal, state functioning
![Page 16: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Longitudinal studies
Operational definition of normality( not absolute, rather is descriptive )
The teenagerThe adults
![Page 17: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Teenagers
1. Almost complete absence of gross psychopathology, severe physical defects, and severe physical illness.
2. Mastery of previous developmental tasks without serious setbacks.
3. Ability to experience emotional states flexibly and to resolve conflicts actively with reasonable success.
![Page 18: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The Teenagers4. Relatively good relationship with parents,
sibling, and peers.5. Feeling part of a larger cultural
environment and being aware of its norms and values.
The Adults Good adaptation to marriage, parenthood,
work and leisure activities.
![Page 19: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Mental Health• Mental health is a state of emotional will-
being in which person are able to function comfortably within their society and in which their personal achievements and characteristics are satisfactory to them.
• A mentally health individual : being in a state of equilibrium, somehow
possessing a harmonious psychological “wholeness”
![Page 20: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• In a state a mental health :
a person feels physically well, his thoughts are organized, his feeling are well modulated and his behaviours are coordinated and appropriate. He feels part of a group and is able to fulfill his role within it.
![Page 21: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
PSYCHIATRY
• Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention, cause, treatment, and rehabilitation of mental disorders.
• Psychiatrist : medical doctor whose specialty is psychiatry
PSYCHOLOGY• Study and profession concerned with mental
process and behaviour.
![Page 22: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
DEFINITION OF MENTAL DISORDER
A clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual and that is associated with present distress (e.g., a painful symptom) or disability (i.e., impairment in one or more important areas of functioning) or with a significantly increased risk of suffering death, pain, disability or an important loss of freedom.
![Page 23: 26 Maret_The Basic Concept (FKG UNPAD 2013's Conflicted Copy 2015-04-16)](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081603/563db827550346aa9a910af6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)