2017 HMPT LII Lesson43 Sex Hormones - Amazon S3...Main Sex Hormones • Several hormones play...
Transcript of 2017 HMPT LII Lesson43 Sex Hormones - Amazon S3...Main Sex Hormones • Several hormones play...
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Lesson Forty Three – Sex Hormones
MainSexHormones
• Severalhormonesplayprimaryrolesinthemenstrualcycle
• Whilethey’reknownassex,orreproduc:vehormones,theyexertmanymoreinfluencesonmetabolism–energy,mood,cardiovascular,etc.– Ifonlydoctorsacknowledgedandhonouredthis!
MainSexHormones
• Pituitarygonadotropins:– Follicles:mula:nghormone– Luteinisinghormone
• Ovarian:– Estrogens(1,2,and3)– Progesterone– Testosterone
• Notethatthesehormonescanbemadeoutsidetheovaries• Thebrain,adrenalsandfatcellscanproducethesehormones• Theyareallsteroidhormones(derivedfromcholesterol)
FollicleS0mula0ngHormone
• FSH:– Producedinanteriorpituitary• Inwomen
– S:mulatesgrowthofovarianfolliclesbeforethereleaseoftheeggfromthefollicleatovula:on
– S:mulatesoestrogenproduc:oninovaries» MassivelyimportanthormoneinPCOS
• Inmen– ActsonSertolicellsofthetestestos:mulatespermproduc:on
LuteinizingHormone
• LH:– Producedinanteriorpituitary• Inwomen
– Acuteriseinmid-cycletriggersovula:onanddevelopmentofcorpusluteum
– Triggersoestrogenproduc:oninovaries• Inmen
– S:mulatesproduc:onoftestosteroneinLeydigcells
FSHandLHSummary(Wikipedia)
Puberty
• Hypothalamusbeginssecre:ngGnRH• TriggersFSHandLH• Age11ingirls,age12inboys
– Influencedbygene:cs(small),inflamma:on,otherhormones(e.g.insulin,cor:sol,lep:n),autoimmuneissues(possibly),etc.
Estrogens(E1,E2,E3)
• Produc:on– Ovaries– Folliclearoundtheovum(egg)– Adrenalglands– Fatcells
• Exogenous– Birthcontrol– HRT(menopause)– Environmentalestrogensandestrogenmimickers
Estrogens(E1,E2,E3)
• E1–Estrone– MadeaXermenopauseinfatcellsfromandrostenedione,andalsoinovaries
– Correlateswithbeingoverweight• E2–Estradiol– Mostac:veandpotent– MostcellshaveE2receptors
• E3–Estriol– Weakestandleastac:ve– Predominantlymadebyplacenta(someinliver)– Affectsvaginalwalls– Receptorsonhair,nails,skin,mucosalmembranes
Estrogen–generaleffects
• Reproduc:ve:– Maintainsandlubricatesvagina,vulvaandcervix– Helpstomaintainvaginalmicrobiome– Causeseggtomatureinsidefollicle– Supportsgrowthoffollicle– Makesuterinelininggrowtoprepareforpregnancy– Helpsbreast:ssuesgrowinprepara:onformakingmilk– Promotesfoetalgrowth– S:mulatesbodyfataccumula:ontohelpthefoetusgrow
Estrogen–generaleffects
• Non-Reproduc:ve:– Preventsbonedestruc:onbyosteoclasts– Protectsagainsthighbloodpressure– S:mulateslipoproteinlipase– Reducesinsulin– Relaxesbloodvesselsinheart– Feelingsoffemininity– Improveslibido/sexdrive– Supportsmemory– Improvesskintone– Mood(protectsagainstdepression)– Supportssleep
Progesterone
• Produc:on:– CorpusluteumaXerovula:on• Onlywhileawomanisovula:ng
– Producedinhighamountsbyplacentaoncepregnancyoccurs
– Adrenalglands• Viapregnenolone
– Testes– Brain• Veryhighconcentra:onsfoundhere
Progesterone–generaleffects
• Reproduc:ve:– Pro-gesta*onalhormone(pro-gest-erone)– Improvessexdrive(includingmen–Icana\esttothis!)– Preparesendometriumforimplanta:onoffer:lisedovum– Cri:caltosurvivalofovumoncefer:lized– Ensuresfoetalsurvival– Preventsovergrowthofendometriumandbreast:ssue– Preventsfibrocys:cbreasts– Increasesestrogenreceptorsensi:vity
Progesterone–generaleffects
• Non-reproduc:ve:– Actsagainstestrogensasaprotec:vemeasureandtomaintain
op:malbalance– Pro-metabolic(supportsthyroid,burnsfat)– Naturalan:-anxiety/calmingeffectandan:depressant– Improvessleep– Helpstomaintainop:malbloodsugarandinsulin– Helpstobuildbone– Protectsthebrainandpreventsepilep:cseizures– Essen:alforthymusandimmunefunc:on– Neededfordetoxifica:on– Improvescardiovascularfunc:onandreducesclo_ng– Relievesarthri:s– Significantlyeffectsdiges:oninsomewomen
Testosterone
• Produc:on(women)– Ovaries– Adrenals
• Viasteroidhormonepathways
– Corpusluteum
• Men– Testes– Adrenals
• Viasteroidhormonepathways
Testosterone–generaleffects
• Reproduc:ve:– Improvessexdrive/libidoinmenandwomen– Increasessexualfantasies– Enlargementofpenis– Enlargementofclitoris– Clitoralsensi:vity– Orgasmstrength
Testosterone–generaleffects
• Non-reproduc:ve:– Promotesmusclestrength– Libidomeans“driveforlife”– Improvedsenseofconfidenceandwell-being– Improvesbonedensity– Feelingsofsecurity– Boundaryse_ng– Bodyhair(subjecttoindividualtaste!)
WhatAffectsSexHormoneFunc0on?
• Hormoneproduc:on• Transportandavailability• Receptoravailabilityandbinding• Breakdownandexcre:on
– Manythingscaninterfereandcompromisethese– It’snotjustaboutthehormonelevelinalabtest
WhatAffectsSexHormoneFunc0on?
Hormoneproduc:on
Transportand
availability
Receptoravailability
andbinding
Breakdownand
excre:on
HormoneProduc0on
• HormoneProduc:on:– Rawmaterials• Cholesterolisneededforsteroids
– Diet,diges:onandabsorp:on• Nutri:onal/enzymeco-factors
– T3,vitaminA,vitaminB5,etc.
– HPGaxisfunc:on• Hypothalamus,pituitary,gonads
– Toxins,infec:ons,inflamma:on– Mold(CIRS)– Stressinallforms
Transport&Availability
• Transport&availability:– Only1-2%ofho– Transcor:n/Cor:costeroid-bindingglobulin
• Bindsprogesteroneandcor:sol– SERPINA6genepolymorphismsarebeinginves:gated
– Sexhormonebindingglobulin(SHBG)• Glycoproteinproducedinliver,brain,uterus,testesandplacenta• Bindsestrogensandandrogens,renderingthem“inac:ve”• Insulin,thyroid,prolac:n,growthhormoneinfluencelevels• Alsotransportedonalbumintoalesserextent
– SHBGGenepolymorphismsarebeinginves:gated
Receptoravailabilityandsensi0vity
• Possibleproblems:– Gene:c
• Estrogeninsensi:vitysyndrome(EIS)–rela:velyrare• Androgeninsensi:vitysyndrome(AIS)–rela:velycommon• Completeandrogeninsensi:vitysyndrome(sterility)
– Blockedsexhormonereceptors• Highinsulin• Thepill,HRT,etc.
– Otherxenoestrogens–plas:cs,pes:cides,etc.?• Medica:ons(usuallyforbreastcancer)
– Selec:veestrogenreceptormodulators–SERM
Hormonebreakdownandexcre0on
• Factorsaffec:nghormoneclearance:– Ongoingexposure
• Notjusttohormones,butalsostressorsandtoxins(e.g.mold)
– Gene:cpolymorphismissues• MTHFR,COMT,SULT,NAT,CYP,etc.
– Enzyme/nutri:onalcofactors• Iron,Bvitamins,glutathione,etc.
– Microbiomeandbeta-glucuronidase• Elevatedb-glucuronidaseenablesestrogenreabsorp:on
Summary
• ThepituitaryhormonesareFSHandLH• Themainsexhormonesareprogesterone,estrogensx3andprogesterone
• Theyrunthemenstrualcycle• Theyhavefar-reachingrolesbeyondreproduc:on• It’snotjustabouthormoneproduc:onandlevels–it’salsoabouttransport,receptorsandbreakdown
Thankyou!
• Thanksamillfordevouring.Nextup,we’lllookatwhatcangowrongwiththemenstrualcycleanditsassociatedhormones,andbeginlookingintoWHYitcanallgowrong.
h\p://journal.fron:ersin.org/ar:cle/10.3389/fendo.
2014.00192/full
h\p://www.medscape.com/viewar:cle/523196_3
h\ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Estradiol
h\ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Estradiol
h\ps://www.researchgate.net/figure/7360494_fig1_The-estradiol-metabolic-pathway-Estradiol-is-synthesized-from-cholesterol-in-a-series-of
h\p://catsfork.com/Health-Metabolism/
Hormones-Female.html
h\ps://clinicalgate.com/adrenal-exhaus:on/
TheSexHormonePlayers(func0ons)
TheSexHormonePlayers
• Thetableisnotexhaus:ve,butitgoessomewaytoshowingyouhowhormoneimbalancescanhaveaprofoundsystemiceffectthatgoeswaybeyondjustthefunc:onsofsexandprocrea:on.
TheSexHormonePlayers(deficiencySx)
• Ialsocreatedali\lesummarytableofsymptomsthatmaydevelopduetodeficienciesoftheaforemen:onedhormones.
• Wecommonlyobservehormoneexcessesaswell…• …orvariouscombina:ons.– Cor:solexcesswiththyroiddeficiency– Cor:solexcesswithprogesteronedeficiency– Oestrogenexcesswithprogesteronedeficiency– Etc…
TheSexHormonePlayers
MyTopResources
• I’vereaddozensofbooksabout“hormonebalance”inmy:meands:llhavefewontheshelfthathaveasyetgoneunopened.
• Onthefollowingpagesyou’llfindmytopthreeorfourpicks.
• I’veprovidedplentyofvideosandar:clesinyourresourcessec:on,aswell.
MyTopResources
• NaturalHormoneBalanceMadeSimple–JohnLee,M.D.– Oneofthepioneersinthefieldofprogesteronetherapy,thisbooksummarizesDr.Lee’sworknicely.
– Dr.KalishlearnedagreatdealfromDr.Lee.
MyTopResources
• TheNaturalSuperwomanbyUzziReiss,OBGYN.– Quitesimplyabrilliantbookwhenitcomestohormoneeduca:on;Dr.Reisshasbeenhelpingwomenbalancetheirhormonesformorethanthirtyyears.
MyTopResources
• StayYoungandSexywithBioidenYcalHormoneReplacement–JonathanWright,M.D.– Dr.Wrightwastheguywhoeffec:velybroughtbioiden:calsintoprac:ce.Thisbookcarriesawealthofscien:ficevidencesuppor:nghormonetherapy.
MyTopResources
• DiscoverYourMenopauseTypebyJosephCollins,N.D.– Thisisasuperbbookthatbreaksmenopausesymptomsdownintodifferenttypesandtreatments.
MyTopResources
• TheBi<erPill–Dr.EllenGrant,M.D.– Afascina:ngexplora:onofhowthepillwasdevelopedintheUK,alongwiththedisturbingside-effectsthatcame–ands:llcome–alongwithit.
MyTopResources
• Menopause–ASpiritualRenaissance–HeleneB.Leone_,M.D.– LovelybookbyaladyI’vehadthefortunetointerview.
MyTopResources
• BHRTWorldSummit–Various;hostedbyJoelYaffa,M.D.:– Excellentsummitwithopinionsfromvariousleadingexperts.Givesagoodspreadofopinion.
MyTopResources
• Therearesomeothersuperbresources,andI’llmen:onthemaswegoalongaswellaslis:ngthemonaresourcesheetforyou.
ThankYou!
• Thanksamillion!Inthenextlessonwe’lllookatthespecifichormonesinvolvedinthemenstrualcyclesowecanthendiveintowhatcangowrong.