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Science 

14+ ENTRY INTO YEAR 10 ENTRANCE EXAM 

2012 

Time allowed : 1 hour  

Name:

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BIOLOGY 1. The diagrams show maize plants grown from seeds sown at different distances from each

other.

A B 

(a) Write down two differences you can see between plants A and B. 

1.

..................................................................................................................

......... 

..................................................................................................................................... 

2.

..................................................................................................................

......... 

.....................................................................................................................................(2) 

(b) The differences are caused by competition between the maize plants.

The maize plants are competing for light. The maize plants are also

competing for ............................................................................................................ 

and ............................................................................................................................(2) 

(Total 4 marks) 

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2. The diagrams show a cheek cell from a human and a leaf cell from a plant. 

Cheek cell Leaf cell 

(a) The two cells have a number of parts in common. 

(i) On the cheek cell, label three of these parts which both cells have.(3) 

(ii) In the table, write the names of the three parts you have labelled above and

describe the main function of each part.

Part  Function 

..................................

..................................

..................................

(3) 

(b) Blood contains white cells and red cells. State the function of each type of cell in

the blood.

White cells .................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

Red cells ....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................(2) 

(Total 8 marks) 

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100

3. A student pedalled an exercise cycle at constant speed for 5 minutes. The student’s heart

rate was recorded at one-minute intervals during the exercise and also during recovery.

The results are shown in the graph. 

130 

Exercise Recovery 

120 

110 

Heart ratein beats 

 per minute90 

80 

70 

60 

50 0 1 2  3 4 5 6 7  8 9 10  11 12  13 14 15 

Time in minutes 

(a) Describe, in as much detail as you can, the changes in heart rate between 0 and 14

minutes.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... 

.....................................................................................................................................(3) 

(b) How do arteries supplying the leg muscles alter the rate of blood flow through

them during exercise?

..................................................................................................................................... 

.....................................................................................................................................(1) 

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(c) Explain how an increase in heart rate helped the student during exercise.

.....................................................................................................................................

 .....................................................................................................................................

 

.....................................................................................................................................

 

.....................................................................................................................................

 

.....................................................................................................................................

 

.....................................................................................................................................

 

.....................................................................................................................................

 .....................................................................................................................................

(4) (Total 8 marks) 

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CHEMISTRY 

1. a) Sulphur has a melting point of  118°C and a boiling point of  444°C. 

What would be the physical state of  sulphur at 300°C?  ( 1 ) 

...............................................................................................................................................................  

Explain your answer  ( 1 ) 

...............................................................................................................................................................  

b) When sulphur burns in air, a chemical reaction occurs. 

How can you tell from this diagram that sulphur is an element?  ( 1 ) 

...............................................................................................................................................................  

How can you tell from this diagram that a chemical reaction has occurred?  ( 1 ) 

...............................................................................................................................................................  

Suggest the name and formula of  the product in this reaction.  ( 2 ) 

............................................................................................................................................................... 

...............................................................................................................................................................  

Explain, using the diagram above, why the total mass always remains unchanged after a chemical 

reaction has occurred.  ( 1 ) 

...............................................................................................................................................................  

...............................................................................................................................................................  

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2. 

Linda had a piece of  red sandstone. She hammered it into smaller pieces and then ground them 

into a powder using a pestle and mortar. 

She put the powder into a measuring cylinder with water and shook the mixture. The contents 

settled. 

a) Linda

 said

 her

 results

 showed

 that

 sandstone

 is

 a mixture

 of 

 two

 substances.

 

How could she tell, from the results, that sandstone is a mixture of  substances?  (1) 

..................................................................................................................................................................  

..................................................................................................................................................................  

b) Linda then poured the cloudy water from the mixture through filter paper into a filter funnel. 

She said there might be more salts dissolved in the colourless, clear liquid that came through the 

filter. 

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i) What could Linda do to find out if  there were salts dissolved in the colourless, clear liquid?  (1) 

..................................................................................................................................................................  

..................................................................................................................................................................  

ii) What would she see if  there had been salts dissolved in the colourless, clear liquid?  (1) 

..................................................................................................................................................................  

..................................................................................................................................................................  

c) Sandstone is a sedimentary rock. 

Four stages in the formation of  sedimentary rock are listed below.  They are not in the correct 

order. 

compacted 

deposited 

weathered 

transported 

Put these

 stages

 in

 the

 correct

 order.

 The

 first

 one

 has

 been

 done

 for

 you.

 (1)

 

Stage 1  .............. weathered ............... 

Stage 2  ................................................ 

Stage 3  ................................................ 

Stage 4  ................................................ 

3. Marble chips ( mostly calcium carbonate ) when heated strongly, will form a new white powder as 

one of  the products. An experiment was carried out to see how the mass changed when different 

masses of  marble chips were heated. 

The following results were obtained: 

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d) Draw a line of  best fit through the other five points.  ( 1 ) 

e) The mass decreases as carbon dioxide gas is released as the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is 

decomposed by the heat into calcium oxide. Write a balanced symbol equation to show this 

reaction.  ( 2 ) 

..........................................................................  ‐‐> ...............................................................................  

f) Use your graph to determine the mass of  white solid which forms if  1.90g of  marble chips is 

heated. 

( 

1 

) 

...............................................................................................................................................................  

g ) Now calculate the mass of  carbon dioxide gas given off  when 1.90g of  marble is heated.  ( 1 ) 

...............................................................................................................................................................  

Total marks for this section = 20 

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PHYSICS 

1. The table gives values of distance and time for a car moving along a road. 

Distance in metres  0 20 40 60 80 100Time in seconds  0 1 2 3 4 5

(a) Draw a graph of distance against time.

Two of the points have been plotted for you. 

100 

80 

60 

Distancein metres 

40 

20 

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 

Time in seconds 

(3) 

(b) Use your graph to find:

(i) the distance moved by the car in 2.5 seconds 

distance =....................metres(1) 

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(ii) how many seconds it takes the car to move 30 metres. 

time =.......................seconds(1) 

(c) Complete this sentence by crossing out the two lines in the box that are wrong. 

slowing down

The car is moving at a steady speed .

speeding up

(1) 

(d) Drinking alcohol makes a person’s reactions slower.

Explain why it is a bad idea for people to drink alcohol before driving a car.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... 

..................................................................................................................................... (2) (Total 8 marks) 

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2. A sky-diver jumps from a plane.

The sky-diver is shown in the diagram below.

(a) Arrows X and Y show two forces acting on the sky-diver as he falls.

(i) Name the forces X and Y.

X .......................................................... 

Y ..........................................................(2) 

(ii) Explain why force X acts in an upward direction.

..........................................................................................................................

. 

..........................................................................................................................

.(1) 

(iii) At first forces X and Y are unbalanced. 

Which of the forces will be bigger? .......................................(1) 

(iv) How does this unbalanced force affect the sky-diver?

.................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................

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(b) After some time the sky-diver pulls the rip cord and the parachute opens.

The sky-diver and parachute are shown in the diagram below. 

X 

Y 

After a while forces X and Y are balanced.

Underline the correct answer in each line below.

Force X has

increased / stayed the same / decreased. 

Force Y has

increased / stayed the same / decreased. 

The speed of the sky-diver will 

increase / stay the same / decrease. (3)

(Total 8 marks) 

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3. (a) Combing dry hair with a plastic comb makes the comb become positively charged.

Why does the comb become positively charged?

..................................................................................................................................... 

.....................................................................................................................................(1) 

(b) Two objects are drawn in each of the boxes A, B and C. Each object is positively

charged, negatively charged or uncharged.

Write under each box whether the two objects will:

repel each other;

attract each other;

do nothing. 

………………………… …………………………… ……………………………(3) 

(Total 4 marks) 

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4. The diagram shows a ray of light travelling through a glass block. 

air  

 NORMAL

glass 

light ray 

(a) Complete the diagram to show what happens to the ray of light when it comes out

of the glass.(1) 

(b) Explain why this happens to the ray of light. 

.....................................................................................................................................(1) 

(Total 2 marks) 

5. The diagram represents part of an electromagnetic wave.

(a) Mark on the wave: 

(i) a wavelength;(1) 

(ii) the amplitude of the wave.

(1) 

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(b) The frequency of a wave is the number of waves produced each second.

What are the units of frequency? 

....................................................................................................................................(1) 

(Total 3 marks) 

6. Two students collect data from the Internet about planets in the Solar System.

The table shows the data that they collect about the first six planets. 

Name of planet 

Distance from

the Sun in

arbitrary units 

Time for one

orbit of the Sun

in years 

Mean surface

temperature of

the planet in °C 

Mercury 0.4 0.2 + 125

Venus 0.7 0.6 + 465

Earth 1.0 1.0 + 22

Mars 1.5 1.9 – 48Jupiter 5.2 11.9

Saturn 9.6 29.5 – 180

(a) One student says that the mean surface temperature of planets gets less the further

they are from the Sun. The other student agrees but says that one planet does not

fit the pattern.

Which planet does not fit the pattern ? 

.....................................................................................................................................(1) 

(b) Estimate a value for the mean surface temperature of Jupiter. 

Mean surface temperature of Jupiter = .............................. °C(1) 

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(c) Use words from the box to complete the following conclusion reached using the

data in the table.

You can use the words once, more than once or not at all.

decreases increases stays the same 

As the distance from the Sun to a planet .................................................................... 

the time taken for the planet to orbit the Sun .............................................................(1) 

(Total 3 marks) 

7. Use equation:

wave speed = frequency x wavelength

Calculate the speed of a sound wave with a frequency of 250 Hz and a wavelength

of 1.3m.

Show how you get to your answer and give the unit.

.....................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... 

Speed = ........................................................(2) 

(Total 2 marks)