2009 Progress Report

Cultural Practices

Restoration Applications Seed

Increase

Equipment Seed Collection

Species Screening

Scott JensenMark AndersonMiles NeilsonKatie SorensenTatyana IsupovCovy Jones and UDWR

USDA RMRS GSDShrub Sciences LabProvo, UT

2009 Seed CollectionsScreening

#

Develpoment

#Species Common Name Species Common Name

In P

roce

ss

Balsamorhiza hookeri Hooker's balsamroot 2 Agoseris grandiflora bigflower agoseris 2

Materials in D

evelopment

Enceliopsis nudicaulis nakedstem sunray 3 Agoseris heterophylla annual agoseris 1

Frasera albomarginata desert frasera 2 Lomatium dissectum fernleaf biscuitroot 1

Lomatium nudicaule *** barestem biscuitroot 2 Lupinus arbustus longspur lupine 2

Lupinus argenteus silvery lupine 2

Lupinus prunophilus hairy bigleaf lupine 1

New

Spe

cies

to

Scr

een Linum subteres sprucemont flax 1 Lupinus sericeus silky lupine 2

Mentzelia blazingstar 3 Penstemon deustus scabland penstemon 1

Phacelia crenulata

cleftleaf

wildheliotrope 1 Penstemon speciosus royal penstemon 1

Agastache urticifolia

nettleleaf giant

hyssop 1 Sphaeralcea coccinea scarlet globemallow 1

Cryptantha cryptantha 1 Hesperostipa comata needle and thread 6

Heliomeris multiflora var.

nevadensis *** Nevada goldeneye 6

Recen

t Ad

ditio

ns

Earl

y Se

ral S

peci

es Amsinckia menziesii fiddleneck 3 Ipomopsis aggregata scarlet gilia 6

Argemone munita flatbud pricklypoppy 2 Linum lewisii Lewis flax 3

Thelypodium milleflorum

manyflower

thelypody 2 Penstemon pachyphyllus *** thickleaf beardtongue 3

Nicotiana attenuata coyote tobacco 3

*** Distributed to Growers in 2009 Seed Collection

Selecting New Species A Different Approach

• Collecting - few (2-3) biotypes

• Propagation screening

• Observation plots

• Proof of concept

Species Screening

Desirable Attributes for Agronomic Production :

• Plant– Upright growth habit– Determinate flowering– Good seed retention– Annually productive– Abundant seed set– Long lived– Disease Resistant– Broad Distribution

Species Screening

Genera in the Screening Process

Genus Common Name Genus Common Name

Agastache giant hyssop Helianthus sunflower

Amsinckia fiddleneck Hymenopappus hymenopappus

Argemone munita flatbud pricklypoppy Hymenoxys rubberweed

Aster aster Iris iris

Astragalus milkvetch Linum subteres sprucemont flax

Balsamorhiza hookeri Hooker's balsamroot Lithospermum stoneseed

Calochortus mariposa lilly Lomatium nudicaule barestem biscuitroot

Castilleja paintbrush Mentzelia blazingstar

Chaenactis pincushion Nicotiana attenuata coyote tobacco

Cleome serrulata Rocky Mountain beeplant Oenothera evening primrose

Cryptantha cryptantha Packera groundsel

Enceliopsis nudicaulis nakedstem sunray Penstemon beardtongue

Erigeron fleabane Phacelia crenulatacleftleaf wildheliotrope

Frasera albomarginata desert frasera Potentilla slender cinquefoil

Gaillardia blanketflower Thelypodium milleflorum manyflower thelypody

Helianthella one flower helianthella

Species Screening

2008 Private Growers 2009

• Fountain Green, UT

• Vernon, UT

• Elko, NV

• Ontario, OR

• Kemmerer, WY

• Grover, UT

• Spring City, UT

• Sterling, UT

Grower Experience Levels

Cultural Practices

The Who, What, When, Where, Why Phase

Who will buy this?

What should I grow?

Cultural Practices

2008 Planting Information

Canaday Farm, Elko, NV.

Co

mm

on

nam

e

Co

un

ty

Sta

te

Acre

ag

e

Se

ed

ed

longspur lupine Elko NV 0.06

hairy bigleaf lupine Juab UT 0.07

silvery lupine Elko NV 0.04

annual agoseris Humboldt NV 0.04

barestem biscuitroot Elko NV 0.06

yellow spiderflower Nye NV 0.58

Nevada goldeneye Lincoln NV 0.09

western stoneseed Elko NV 0.06

scarlet gilia VNS UT 0.06

flatbud pricklypoppy Juab UT 0.07

Blazingstar Juab UT 0.02

Menzies' fiddleneck Eureka NV 0.06

Menzies' fiddleneck Elko NV 0.03

desert frasera Iron UT 0.06

manyflower thelypody Eureka NV 0.06

silky lupine Juab UT 0.03

Slender cinquefoil Elko NV 0.06

scarlet globemallow Davis/Utah UT 0.62

gooseberryleaf globemallow NV 0.58

sulphur-flower buckwheat ID/OR/NV 0.14

sharpleaf penstemon ID/OR/NV 1.29

sharpleaf penstemon ID/OR 0.97

fernleaf biscuitroot Gooding ID 0.21

limestone hawksbeard Elko NV 0.37

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

av

g #

pla

nts

pe

r lin

ear

ftSeedling Establishment

Canaday FarmMay 12, 2009

N-sulate Uncovered

Cultural Practices

Seeding Rates for 1 Plant / Linear Foot.

Elko NV, 2008

N-sulate Uncovered

Additional Seed

Quantity

Rate Rate

Lot # Plants/ft PLS / ft lbs/acre Plants/ft PLS / ft lbs/acre

AMSIN-P4-2008 13.6 3.74 0.50 1.4 37.21 4.96 10.0 X

Amsin-P6-2008 6.1 2.83 0.35 0.0 ?

CRIN-U2-08 1 32.43 1.70 0.2 194.61 10.19 6.0 X

HEMUN-B4-2006 2.3 7.87 0.26 0.0 ?

LONU2-P1-2008 11.9 5.77 0.94 0.1 1030.15 167.81 178.5X

LUAR3-U5-2007 1.5 14.73 7.01 0.2 94.71 45.08 6.4X

LUARB6-P4-2008 3.2 5.42 3.68 0.0 ?

LUSE4-B28-2006 1.8 10.75 10.64 0.6 30.56 30.24 2.8X

POGR9-P1-2008 6.3 4.03 0.05 0.0 ?

Peac-Pooled

NBR13,19,20,35,36,43,53 10.4 11.01 0.20 0.0 ?

Peac-Pooled SRP12jha 1.5 49.15 0.90 0.9 78.99 1.45 1.6X

THMI5-P2-2008 9.5 7.64 0.05 0.0 ?

VNS - IPAG 3 2.36 0.08 0.0 ?

Cultural Practices

N-Sulate Fabric Layout6’ pieces (2)

9” 9”6” 6”30” 30”

30”

9”9”

6” 6”

Cultural PracticesEquipment

N-Sulate Fabric Layout

15” 15”12” 12”30” 30”30”

Cultural PracticesEquipment

Cultural Practices

Equipment

OTHEROPTIONS?

Equipment Cultural Practices

Seeder Characteristics

Scientific Name Common nameSpecies

Screening

Yields - Row Spacing

Trials IncreaseSeeding

Rate

Amsinckia fiddleneck X x

Argemone munita flatbud pricklypoppy X X X x

Aster aster X X x

Balsamorhiza hookeri Hooker's balsamroot X X X x

Balsamorhiza sagittata arrowleaf balsamroot X x

Cleome serrulata Rocky Mountain beeplant X X x

Crepis acuminata tapertip hawksbeard X X X x

Crepis intermedia limestone hawksbeard X X X x

Enceliopsis nudicaulis nakedstem sunray X X X x

Frasera albomarginata desert frasera X X X x

Heliomeris multiflora Nevada goldeneye X X x

Helianthella uniflora oneflower helianthella X X X x

Ipomopsis aggregata scarlet gilia X X X x

Iris missouriensis Rocky Mountain iris X X x

Lomatium dissectum fernleaf biscuitroot X x

Lomatium nudicaule barestem biscuitroot X X X x

Mentzelia blazingstar X X X x

Nicotiana attenuata coyote tobacco X X x

Penstemon sp. beardtongue X X X x

Penstemon pachyphyllus thickleaf beardtongue X x

Phacelia crenulata corrugata cleftleaf wildheiotrope X X X x

Potentilla gracilis slender cinquefoil X X X x

Thelypodium milleflorum manyflower thelypody X X X x

Spacing Trials – Plots 6’

30"

6" 6" 6" 6" 6"

6"

12"

18"

24"

30"

100 ft

Treatments – 5Replications – 3

Univerco - Eco Weeder

The Troublemakers

Arrowleaf Balsamroot

Crepis spp.

Cultural Practices

Root Transplant Studies

• Scientific Name Common Name Years to seed

• Balsamorhiza hookeri Hooker's balsamroot 2

• Balsamorhiza sagittata arrowleaf balsamroot 5

• Crepis acuminata tapertip hawksbeard 3

• Crepis intermedia limestone hawksbeard 3

• Enceliopsis nudicaulis nakedstem sunray 1

• Lomatium grayi Gray's biscuitroot 2

• Lomatium nudicaule barestem biscuitroot 2

• Lomatium triternatum nineleaf biscuitroot 2

• Lupinus prunophilus hairy bigleaf lupine 1

Bed Preparation, Planting, and Cover

Crop Lifter

Winter and summer senescent harvest at different ages.

Will this grow on my land and where do we use it in restoration seedings?

Does soil texture play a role in establishment and distribution?

Cultural PracticesRestoration Applications

Species Specific Soils Information

Sandy Loam SoilsLoam Soils

Astragalus utahensis

Phlox longifolia

Hesperostipa comata

Astragalus utahensis

Species Specific Soil Texture Preferences

2008 Pilot Study - Soil Texture & N-Sulate Fabric

POGR9 POGR9 THMI5 THMI5 FRAL5 FRAL5 BAHO BAHO

Block 1

Block 2

Block 3

Block 4

Block 5

Soil Replaced with reject sand to a depth of 4 inches

Covered with Nsulate fabric

2008 Pilot Study Soil Texture & N-Sulate Fabric

Potentilla

Treatment Average P-value

Fabric 80.71.72E-05

Uncovered 0

Native 51.50.344757

Sand 29.2

Fabric Native 1030.112131

Fabric Sand 58.4

Uncovered Native 00

Uncovered Sand 0

Thelypodium

Treatment Average P-value

Fabric 199.10.004166

Uncovered 59.2

Native 87.40.113545

Sand 170.9

Fabric Native 1350.10013

Fabric Sand 263.2

Uncovered Native 39.80.293248

Uncovered Sand 78.6

Balsamorhiza hookeri and Frasera albomarginata failed to establish under all treatments

Complete Diagram

LONU2 LONU2 LONU2 LONU2 Lupo Lupo Lupo Lupo

AGGR AGGR AGGR AGGR BASA3 BASA3 BASA3 BASA3

AGHE AGHE AGHE AGHE SPCO2 SPCO2 SPCO2 SPCO2

PHCRC PHCRC PHCRC PHCRC ERUM ERUM ERUM ERUM

ERHE ERHE ERHE ERHE LOTR LOTR LOTR LOTR

CRIN4 CRIN4 CRIN4 CRIN4 ACTH ACTH ACTH ACTH

PESP PESP PESP PESP NIAT NIAT NIAT NIAT

ENNU ENNU ENNU ENNU THMI THMI THMI THMI

Amme Amme Amme Amme Luarb Luarb Luarb Luarb

IPAG IPAG IPAG IPAG HEMUN HEMUN HEMUN HEMUN

PENST PENST PENST PENST ARMU ARMU ARMU ARMU

PENST PENST PENST PENST PEPA6 PEPA6 PEPA6 PEPA6

FRAL5 FRAL5 FRAL5 FRAL5

Native Soil Uncovered

Sand Replacement Soil Fabric Covered

Forest Service Technology & Development Program

• Project Proposal

• Development of a specialized seed harvester for plant species with indeterminate ripening and seed shatter characteristics.

Equipment