2007 SUMMARY OF ENGINEERING RESEARCHA Report of Activities during 2006This report is part of the larger 2007 Summary of Engineering Research, available on the Web at www.engr.uiuc.edu/research and on CD-ROM. The Summary of Engineering Research represents the extensive engineering research program conducted in 2006 at the University ofIllinois at Urbana-Champaign. Detailed statistics about research in the College of Engineering are included in the Directory of Engineering andEngineering Technology Programs and Research, published by the American Society for Engineering Education, Washington, D.C.

How to use the Summary of Engineering Research: Research projects are listed by title, followed by the names of the investigators andthe sponsoring agencies. Projects are sorted by major topic areas. Project descriptions are brief. Additional information on each project maybe obtained from the investigator in charge (denoted by an asterisk). Mailing addresses are provided on the introductory page.

How to obtain publications: Please consult academic and public libraries for the journal articles, papers, and books listed in this report.Information about technical reports is available from the Engineering Documents Center, Grainger Engineering Library Information Center,1301 West Springfield Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. To search the center's collection on the Internet, please visit the website atsearch.grainger.uiuc.edu/top. Copies of theses can be found at the University of Illinois Library, www.library.uiuc.edu, or may be purchasedfrom University Microfilms, 300 Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA, www.umi.com.

The 2007 Summary of Engineering Research is produced by the Office of Engineering Communications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Tina M. Prow: Editor and CoordinatorPeggy Currid: Freelance Editor, Publications SectionsJim Vattano: Graphic DesignerThomas G. Habing: Research Programmer, Grainger Engineering Library Information CenterWilliam H. Mischo: Engineering Librarian, Grainger Engineering Library Information Center

Please send queries and comments about the 2007 Summary of Engineering Research to the Engineering Communications Office, 303Engineering Hall, MC-266, 1308 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, or email research@engr.uiuc.edu.

Abbreviation key for College of Engineering departments and major labs:• Aerospace Engineering (Aerosp. Engr.)• Agricultural and Biological Engineering (Ag. & Biol. Engr.)• Bioengineering (Bioengr.)• Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (Chem. & Biomol. Engr.)• Civil and Environmental Engineering (Civil & Environ. Engr.)• Computer Science (Comput. Sci.)• Coordinated Science Laboratory (CSL)• Electrical and Computer Engineering (Elect. & Comput. Engr.)• Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory (FS-MRL)• General Engineering (Gen. Engr.) or Industrial & Enterprise Systems Engineering (Indus. & Enter. Syst. Engr.)*• Information Trust Institute (ITI)• Materials Science and Engineering (Mat. Sci. & Engr.)• Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (Mech. & Indus. Engr.) or Mechanical Science and Engineering (Mech. Sci. & Engr.)*• Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MNTL)• Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering (Nucl., Plasma, & Radiol. Engr.)• Physics• Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (Theoret. & Appl. Mech.)*

*In August 2006, the Industrial Engineering program was merged with the General Engineering Department, which became the Industrial andEnterprise Systems Engineering Department. The Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Department merged with the Mechanical and IndustrialEngineering Department, which became the Mechanical Science and Engineering Department. Please check department links atwww.engr.uiuc.edu for current faculty lists.

The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign is an equal opportunity and affirmative action institution. © 2007

Agricultural and Biological Engineering

K. C. Ting, Head338 Agricultural Engineering Sciences Building1304 W. Pennsylvania Ave.MC-644Urbana, IL 61801-4797217-333-3570http://www.ag-bioeng.uiuc.eduag-bioeng@uiuc.edu

Principles from many scientific and engineeringdisciplines are applied to address opportunities andproblems of agricultural and biological productions,processing, and utilization. Life and engineering sciencesare developed, applied, and integrated for analyzing anddesigning bio-based systems (the concept of “integratinglife and engineering,” i.e., using life sciences as resourcesfor engineering work and vice versa). The overarching goalof agricultural and biological engineering work is to“enhance complex living systems” involving agriculture,food, environment, and energy.

The department is organized into four sections:Bioenvironmental Engineering, Food and BioprocessEngineering, Off-Road Equipment Engineering, and Soiland Water Resources Engineering. A fifth section ofBiological Engineering is being formed. The researchprogram areas of the department include Bio-BasedProcessing and Production Systems; Biomass andRenewable Energy; Precision and InformationAgriculture; Agricultural and Biosystems Management;Agricultural Safety and Health; Food Quality and Safety;Environmental Stewardship; Land and Water Resources;Spatially Distributed Systems; Structure and Facilities forLiving Systems; Indoor Environmental Control; Bio-sensors, Bio-instrumentation, Bio-informatics, and Bio-nanotechnology; Intelligent Machinery Systems;Automation of Biological Systems; and Advanced LifeSupport Systems.

More cooperation with industries that purchase,transport, process, and package agricultural commoditieshas broadened the scope of agricultural and biologicalengineering research, especially in the development ofintelligent monitoring sensors and process control systems.Research aimed at improving performance and reducingcost at all levels of production with minimal environmentalimpact is receiving considerable attention in an attempt tokeep the U.S. food and agricultural system competitive inthe world market. Additionally, new processes, new

products, new uses, and new markets are being sought forusing abundant agricultural commodities in achievingsustainable energy utilization and environmental quality.

Geographically located in an area of intense agriculturalproduction, with access to good transportation facilitiesand surrounded by a large concentration of agricultural andindustrial equipment manufacturers and food processors,the department is in an enviable position to serve all areasof the agricultural community. Many agriculturalengineering graduates who have been educated and trainedin the modern teaching facilities and research laboratoriesof the University of Illinois Agricultural EngineeringSciences Building are employed throughout the nation.Interaction and cooperation with these graduates and otheralumni scattered throughout the world help maintain aviable, useful research program.

Faculty and Their InterestsRobert A. AherinAgricultural safety and health, safety behavior analysis,confined space safety, using sensors in safety systems,older farm safety issues, disabled farmers

Kaustubh D. BhaleraoBiological nanotechnology, probabilistic methods,synthetic biology

Loren E. BodeSpray atomization, transport, and deposition; spray nozzledesign, spray drift reduction

Philip BuriakTechnical systems management, learning theory,implications to college teaching

Leslie L. ChristiansonNew product development; engineering design;agricultural buildings; heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning; air quality; swine facilities

Richard A. CookeSubsurface drainage, vadose zone water and contaminanttransport, modeling of watershed-scale drainage systems

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Steven R. EckhoffCorn fractionation, wet milling, dry milling, ethanolproduction, hybrid specific processing

Bruce Elliott-LitchfieldFood engineering

Ted L. FunkLivestock confinement structures, indoor climate controlsystems for livestock, manure management systems,residential housing structures, indoor air quality

Tony E. GriftSensors and controls in biosystems automation, machinevision systems, agricultural data acquisition systems,mathematical modeling and control, granular mass flowmeasurement

Alan C. HansenBiofuels for diesel engines, simulation modeling ofmaterial handling systems, off-road machinery systems,precision agriculture

Joe G. HarperTechnical systems management

Michael C. HirschiErosion and sediment control, water quality

Prasanta K. KalitaHydrology, watershed-water quality modeling, pathogentransport, erosion and sediment control

Marvin R. PaulsenFood and bioprocess applications, grain qualitymeasurements, near-infrared and FT-NIR spectroscopy

Kent D. RauschRecovery of nutrients from bioprocesses, corn qualityeffect on co-product value, variability of co-productquality, co-product quality for human and animalconsumption

Luis F. RodriguezModeling and analysis of biological systems, reliabilityand sustainability, decision support, life support systems,integrated controls

Vijay SinghEngineering economic analysis and modeling ofbioprocesses, design of processes for corn fractionationand ethanol production, recovery and concentration ofnutraceuticals and biobased products

Lei TianSensors and information systems for precision agriculture,applied machine vision, remote sensing, variable-ratetechnology

K. C. TingAutomation, systems informatics for analysis, alternativeenergy and thermal control; computerized simulation,optimization, and decision support for bioproduction andbioprocessing systems

Xinlei WangAir quality, diesel engine emission control, renewableenergy, building environment control, system modeling

Qin ZhangOff-road vehicle mechatronics, machinery systems forbioproduction, electrohydraulic systems control,computer-integrated agricultural systems, sensors andinstrumentation

Yuanhui ZhangIndoor air quality; effect of indoor air quality on occupants;sensor technology for bioenvironmental systems; heating,ventilation, and air-conditioning control; waste treatment

Agricultural Infotronic SystemsResearch on Agricultural Infotronic SystemsQ. Zhang*qinzhang@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture Hatch Funds

This research is to establish an agricultural infotronicstechnology for production agriculture. This technology isaimed at providing farmers with “actionable” informationfor performing precision farming operations, such as“where and how much nitrogen to apply” while operatinga sprayer in the field. Specific objectives include: designof a general framework of an agricultural infotronicsystem, which will consist of data collection, operationplanning, and automatic implementation modules;development of core information processing algorithms,including information classification, fusion, and attributestracking algorithms for handling production information;

* Denotes principal investigator.

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and validation of the developed agricultural systems inprecision farming operations.

Agricultural SafetyConfined Space Entry Training for AgriculturalEnvironmentsR. A. Aherin,* L. Nickels, A. Hunterraherin@uiuc.eduUniversity of Iowa Great Planes Center for AgriculturalHealth; University School of Public Health; Carle Centerfor Rural Health and Farm Safety

This project will revise a confined space training one-dayshort course that was developed by the University ofIllinois approximately ten years ago. The program will beevaluated for knowledge transfer, format acceptability andsafe practice improvement. The course will be offered inthe states of Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Nebraska. Theprimary audience will be agricultural businesses thatservice silos, grain storage structures, and livestock wastehandling facilities.

Disabled Farmers ProjectR. A. Aherin,* R. E. Petrearaherin@uiuc.edu, repetrea@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois; State of Illinois

The primary objective of this project is to develop a modelprogram that will provide comprehensive assistance toIllinois farmers with physical disabilities. This includesconducting research to identify the level of need forassistance among farmers in the state and the impact ofservices provided.

Farm Safety Mobile Program for Rural YouthR. A. Aherin,* A. Hunterraherin@uiuc.eduNational Children’s Center for Rural and AgriculturalSafety and Health; Carle Center for Rural Health andFarm Safety

The project involves the development and evaluation ofinteractive agricultural safety and health training modulesthat are transported to rural communities in a convertedmini bus. Community instructors will be trained in thesecond year of the project. The goal is to reach rural areayouth who are not readily exposed to farm safety training.One targeted group is Amish youth. Approximately 12training modules were developed for pilot testing. Projectteam members consulted with the Amish safety committeein Douglas and Moultrie counties in the development of

the Amish portion of the project. Amish instructors weretrained to deliver programs to Amish youth.

Occupational Exposures and Health Outcomes inSwine Confinement FacilitiesL. Conroy,* R. A. Aherin, T. Schoonover, P. Scheff,S. Dorevitch, S. Erdal, D. Tessier, J. Franke, L. Forst,R. Cohen, L. Berman, D. Vinson, T. L. Funk, Y. Zhangraherin@uiuc.edu, funkt@uiuc.edu, yzhang1@uiuc.eduNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health;University of Illinois School of Public Health

The study evaluated worker’s exposure to airbornecontaminants, such as dust, bacteria, and ammonia, in aswine confinement facility. Measurements were taken thatevaluated exposures by looking at symptoms andbiological markers of inflammation before and after work.Each worker and control group participants completed ahealth history questionnaire. Each participant providedblood samples, exhaled air samples, and performed a lungfunction test. Tests were conducted before and after workfor two consecutive workdays in the winter. Participantswore air-sampling devises that measured for dust, bacteria,and ammonia during their work shift. Data analysis is beingcompleted.

Assistant Director for Agricultural ContinuingEducationR. E. Petrea*repetrea@uiuc.eduGreat Lakes Centers for Occupational and EnvironmentalSafety and Health; University of Illinois–Chicago

This project is to assist in the assessment, planning, andimplementation of agriculturally related health and safetyprograms and training that meet the Great Lakes Centersgoals of providing graduate and professional education inoccupational safety and health and continuing education.

Secretary–AdministrationR. E. Petrea*repetrea@uiuc.eduNational Institute for Farm Safety

This project is to assist the Board of Directors of theNational Institute for Farm Safety by performingadministrative functions as needed and as directed by theboard. Assistance activities include minutes of boardmeetings, board member communications, boardcommunications with members, member to membercommunications, and board and member communicationsas needed to outside entities.

* Denotes principal investigator.

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Alternative FuelsImpact of Biofuels on Emissions ReducingTechnologies for Off-Road Diesel EnginesA. C. Hansen*achansen@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture Hatch Funds

Emissions reducing strategies and technologies are at theforefront of research and development efforts of all majordiesel engine manufacturers in order to meet futureEnvironmental Protection Agency regulations. Very littlework has been done to investigate the use of thesetechnologies in conjunction with biofuels such as biodieseland E-diesel (ethanol-diesel blended) fuels. The purposeof this study is to evaluate the impact of biofuels on bothpresent and emerging emissions reducing technologies fordiesel engines. Preliminary results with the exhaust gasrecirculation NOx emissions reducing strategy show that agreater rate of emissions reduction occurs with biodieselfuel.

Graduate Automotive Technology Education (GATE)Center of Excellence: Advanced Automotive Bio-FuelCombustion EnginesC.-F. Lee,* A. C. Hansen, D. Kyritsisachansen@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Energy

Increasingly stringent emissions regulations and concernsabout U.S. dependence on foreign oil have generated anurgency to seek new technologies and fuels for automotiveengines. The objective of this Center of Excellence is tocreate an education and research program that providesautomotive engineers with knowledge and skills to be ableto develop advanced engines for the future that can run onrenewable biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Thecurriculum will be based on courses drawn from both themechanical engineering and agricultural and biologicalengineering disciplines with research projects relying oninterdisciplinary expertise and facilities.

Investigation of Biodiesel Fueled Engines under LowTemperature Combustion StrategiesC.-F. Lee,* A. C. Hansenachansen@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Energy

There is considerable interest in reducing U.S. reliance onimported petroleum. Biodiesel manufactured fromvegetable oil is seen as a viable alternative to regular diesel.The objective of this research is to investigate a novel low-temperature combustion (LTC) strategy with biodiesel that

is able to simultaneously reduce regulated NOx andparticulate emissions while achieving high combustionefficiency. LTC combustion with biodiesel will beinvestigated via laser diagnostic and multidimensionalmodeling techniques. Experiments will be conducted inboth optical and metal engines. Optimum strategies forreducing exhaust emissions and increasing the efficiencyof biodiesel LTC engines will also be investigated.

Engineering–Economic System Models for RuralEthanol Production FacilitiesL. Rodriguez,* C. Li, S. Eckhoff, M. Khanna,A. Spauldinglfr@uiuc.edu, seckhoff@uiuc.eduIllinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research

The rural economy is bolstered by the explosion of smalldry grind ethanol facilities. However, following the rapidincrease in the number of these small-sized dry grindfacilities, there has been a flurry of announcements ofexpansions and new plants by major commercial entities.A model is proposed that captures each of these aspects atthe facility level and integrates them in a package capableof assisting decision making at two key levels: technologydecisions for cooperative board members; and taxincentive decisions at the legislature for handling ofpotential pollutants.

Bioenvironmental EngineeringBioenvironmental Engineering Research LaboratoryL. L. Christianson,* M. E. Tumbleson, M. Ellis,S. M. Larson, R. I. Mackie, M. T. McCulley,T. A. Newell, M. J. Rood, W. B. Rose, M. A. Smith,L. A. Spomer, Y. Zhanglc@uiuc.eduNational Science Foundation; U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency; American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers; Center forIndoor Air Quality Research; U.S. Department ofAgriculture; U.S. Department of Energy; University ofIllinois

In cooperation with the departments of Animal Sciences,Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Civil andEnvironmental Engineering, Mechanical and IndustrialEngineering, Nuclear, Plasma and RadiologicalEngineering, and Theoretical and Applied Mechanics;College of Veterinary Medicine; and the Small HomesCouncil/Building Research Council

An interdisciplinary research laboratory was establishedinvolving faculty from engineering and biological

* Denotes principal investigator.

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sciences. The purposes are to characterize and assess themicroenvironment and its effects on organisms andbiological products. Focus areas include animal and plantinteractions with their microenvironments, sensors andinstrumentation, indoor air quality, air and air contaminantmovement, environmental conditioning equipment, andbuilding materials.

Design and Planning for a Pilot Scale TCC SystemL. L. Christianson,* Y. Zhang, T. L. Funk, S. Chenllc@uiuc.edu, yzhang1@uiuc.edu, funkt@uiuc.edu,shxchen@uiuc.eduWorld-Wide Bio-Energy L.L.C.

An industry partner has licensed rights to the laboratory-scale thermo-chemical conversion research beingconducted at the university. The industry partner providesfinancial support, is advising on research directions andapproaches, and is working cooperatively with theuniversity research team to design a farm-scale swinewaste system and a human waste processing plant. Theseprototypes are being used to optimize the process and toevaluate the economic, energetic, and environmentalbenefits that can be achieved.

Development of Improved Trailer Designs andTransport Management Practices to Improve theMicroenvironmentM. Ellis,* X. Wang, T. L. Funk, A. C. Lenkaitisxwang2@uiuc.edu, funkt@uiuc.edu;National Pork Board

Transport is the most influential pre-slaughter treatmentbecause it affects both meat quality and profit in porkproduction. It is estimated that 80,000 pigs die annuallyduring transport, at a cost of 8 million dollars to theindustry. The objectives of this project are to measure theenvironmental conditions experienced by finishing pigsunder typical transport conditions and to develop a modelto predict the changes in microenvironment. This studywill provide the basis for new trailer designs andmanagement practices that will lead to improvedenvironmental conditions during transport. Ultimately, thiswill reduce losses and improve animal welfare in transit.

Effect of Variability in Gestation Stall MicroEnvironment on Sow Well-Being, Physiology, andProductivityR. Knox,* J. Salak-Johnson, X. Wang, K. Bhalerao,A. C. Lenkaitis, S. E. Fordxwang2@uiuc.edu, bhalerao@uiuc.eduIllinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research

Variations in the microenvironment in commercial sowgestation facilities have an adverse impact on the well-being of the sow, which in turn affects the reproductivesuccess and overall profitability and sustainability of theindustry. Understanding the relationships betweenmicroenvironmental exposure of the sow and its impact onwell-being, as measured by physiological, immunological,reproductive, and behavioral responses will directlybenefit the pork industry in Illinois and the nation. A uniqueresearch facility will be developed to allow us to pursuescientific questions related to animal production facilitiesand translate the results into producer profitability.

Development of a New Low-Reynolds-NumberTurbulence Model for Indoor Air FlowsX. Wang,* J. B. Jiang, Y. Zhangxwang2@uiuc.edu, yzhang1@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture; University of Illinois

Information on air motion in a ventilated room is veryimportant for study of contaminant transport and indoor airquality. During the past several decades, computationalfluid dynamics (CFD) based on turbulence modeling hasbecome a very powerful tool in the prediction of indoorairflows. However, their applications are limited due to lowReynolds number effects that are very common in full-scale indoor airflows. In this project, low-Reynolds effectsare combined into RANS turbulence models byintroducing the intermittency factor that reflects the ratioof turbulence and nonturbulence. The model will predictthe transitional flow behaviors.

Diesel Emission Reduction for Champaign-UrbanaMTDX. Wang,* A. C. Hansen, A. Nayakxwang2@uiuc.eduU.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Champaign-Urbana Mass Transit District (CUMTD)

In this project, we work with CUMTD, EPA, and Cumminsto develop technology for retrofitting public transit busesto reduce diesel emissions in the metropolitan area ofChampaign-Urbana. This project will develop a programappropriate for midwestern conditions that can bereplicated to retrofit other mass transit fleets in other cities.These activities will increase public understanding of the

* Denotes principal investigator.

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environmental or economic effectiveness of thedemonstrated clean diesel technology. More importantly,this project will improve ambient air quality and achievesignificant health benefits to the public by reducing thenumber of illnesses, health care costs, and missed work/school days.

Engine Emission Control and Aftertreatment On-Board DiagnosisX. Wang,* Q. Zhang, A. C. Hansen, H. Wuxwang2@uiuc.edu,qinzhang@uiuc.edu,achansen@uiuc.edu,haiwu@uiuc.eduInternational Truck and Engine Corporation

In order to meet the EPA emission regulations, somecontrol devices, such as an oxygen catalytic converter,diesel particulate filter, and lean NOx trap (LNT), will berequired. However, such “add-on” devices can experiencedeterioration and malfunction that can go unnoticed byboth the driver and repair technician. Those types ofmalfunctions could result in high emissions without acorresponding adverse drivability or fuel economy impact.This problem could be avoided by incorporating a well-designed OBD-II system to detect emission systemmalfunctions. In this project, we are investigating variousdiagnostic methods to develop an aftertreatment OBD-IIsystem for 2010 applications.

Evaluate Occupational Exposure to Contaminants inTruck CabinsX. Wang,* A. Nayak, X. Yangxwang2@uiuc.eduNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH); Illinois Occupational and EnvironmentalHealth and Safety Education and Research Center (IllinoisERC)

Trucking has become one of the most important industriesin the United States. There were over 3 million truckdrivers in the United States in 2004. Concerns about theoccupational health and safety of truck drivers are rising asmore and more professional drivers join the truckingindustry. This project is to study the air quality in truckcabins to improve the understanding of a majoroccupational health and safety issue confronting truckdrivers. It could ensure a healthy and productive work forcein the commercial transport sector and lower health carecosts.

Hydrogen Production from Animal Manure by UsingMediator-Less Microbial Fuel CellX. Wang,* X. Yangxwang2@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois Campus Research Board; U.S.Department of Agriculture

One big challenge to keeping the livestock industrysustainable is to utilize animal manure as an alternativeenergy source instead of an environmental liability. In thisproject, we investigate the feasibility of hydrogenproduction from animal manure by using mediator-lessmicrobial fuel cells. We apply microbial fuel cells (MFCs)to generate hydrogen from the animal manure. Unlikeprevious researchers, our focus particularly will be on theengineering aspects including reactor design, operatingconditions, and mass transfer. The final objective is todevelop an optimum reactor design and efficient operatingconditions for future applications.

Modeling of Dust Spatial Distribution in IndoorEnvironmentX. Wang,* Y. Zhang, J. B. Jiangxwang2@uiuc.edu, yzhang1@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture; University of Illinois

One of the challenges in indoor air quality research is tostudy the dust spatial distribution so that the nature of dusttransport can be better understood and appropriate controlstrategies can be implemented. Numerical modeling willenhance the understanding of the mechanisms of dusttransport and provide useful information to control dustsources, improve the design of ventilation systems, andimplement the mitigation technologies. A mathematicalmodel was developed based on mass-balance of particulatematter. The numerical simulation indicated that the dustspatial distribution was highly related with the airflowpattern, dust source strength, and gravitationalsedimentation of particles.

Physical, Chemical, and Biological Characterizationsof Particulate Matter from Confinement LivestockBuildingsX. Wang,* Y. Zhang, K. Cadwallader, R. Mackie,X. Yang, J. Lee, J. Suxwang2@uiuc.edu, yzhang1@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture, National ResearchInitiative

Particulate matter (PM) emitted from confinement animalfeeding operations (CAFOs) contains harmful componentsthat can have an adverse influence on human and animalhealth as well as the environment. The objective of thisproject is to characterize the physical, chemical, and

* Denotes principal investigator.

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biological properties of PM from CAFOs and to establisha comprehensive database of PM properties so that adversehealth and environmental effects can be assessed, andappropriate mitigation technologies can be developed anddeployed. This database will also provide useful data forthe development of regulations on PM emissions fromconfinement livestock buildings.

Quantification of Ventilation Effectiveness for AirQuality ControlX. Wang,* Y. Zhang, S. B. Jerez, J. B. Jiangxwang2@uiuc.edu, yzhang1@uiuc.eduAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigeration and AirConditioning Engineers

The existing methods or procedures used to determineventilation effectiveness are primarily for researchers touse, usually require sophisticated instrumentation, and arelabor intensive. There is a lack of practical and economicalmethods for field engineers and researchers to quicklydetermine the ventilation effectiveness for zones ofconcern. The focus of this project is to analyze the existingventilation effectiveness measurement techniques orprocedures for production animal facilities and then todevelop a practical method of measuring the ventilationeffectiveness in animal facilities.

Aerodynamic Dust Collection System for FederalSignal Environmental ProductsY. Zhang,* S. E. Ford, Y. Sun, W. Yanyzhang1@uiuc.eduFederal Signal Corporation

The goal of this project is to improve the dust collectionefficiency so as to comply with the increasingly stringentEPA PM emission requirement. The immediate objectivesof this project are focused on system analysis andsimulation and prototype design. Analysis includesexamining the existing design and performance, andsimulation includes CFD and particle separation efficiencyof the proposed prototype, in accordance to the designparameters and limitations provided by EPG. Consideringresults of the system analysis and simulation, the prototypedesign will be developed and evaluated in terms of dustcollection efficiency (particle cutsize), pressure drop(power consumption), and dust loading capacity(maintenance requirement).

Continuous Thermochemical Conversion (TCC) ofLivestock Manure to Produce OilY. Zhang,* E. Morgenroth, T. L Funk, S. Chen,X. Wang, A. C. Hansenyzhang1@uiuc.edu, funkt@uiuc.edu, xwang2@uiuc.edu,achansen@uiuc.eduCouncil for Food and Agriculture Research of Illinois

A continuous TCC process is in development. Thistechnology involves major changes in conventional wastehandling processes, and there are no manufacturerscurrently supplying the systems needed for the process. Weenvision a single unit CTCC system being able to processmanure of a 2,000 hog farm or an equivalent amount, andthe unit should be no larger than a hot-water boiler in aresidential house. The crude oil produced on the farm canbe trucked to a central refinery for further process. Thisresearch can have important benefits to society.

Development of an Aerodynamic Deduster to EnhanceExisting CP-CBR Filters and Reduce the CPS LogisticsBurdenY. Zhang,* Y. Sun, S. E. Ford, D. Barkeryzhang1@uiuc.eduU.S. Navy

The Navy has experienced deficiencies with shipboardCPS that lead to increased logistical burden and reducedprotection capability. The CPS pre-filters, which undernormal conditions require a change out every 3-6 months,become clogged within 1-2 weeks in dusty conditions. Thisproject is aimed at further developing an aerodynamic air-cleaning device, called an aerodynamic deduster, toaddress current capability gaps in CP. Applying anaerodynamic deduster system to CP can eliminate thecurrent issues experienced in dusty environments, reducemaintenance cost, and provide enhanced capabilities toCBR filters.

Experimental Characterization of Airflows in AircraftCabinsY. Zhang,* Y. Sun, W. Yanyzhang1@uiuc.edu, ysun@uiuc.eduThe National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

In this project, we have developed a full-scale Boeing 767aircraft cabin section, containing 35 dummies, and capableof simulating the cabin environment under tarmac andcruise conditions. We have developed a 3-D volumetricparticle tracking velocimetry (VPTV) technology tomeasure the cabin air flow under iso- and non-isothermalconditions, and various obstruction conditions. We arefocused on measuring pollutant trajectories from point topoint in a spatial-temporal domain. The outcome of the

* Denotes principal investigator.

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study will allow scientists to gain better understanding ofair flow and pollutant transmission and, ultimately, toimprove the air quality and human health within aircraftcabins.

Hydrothermal Process for Fiber StreamY. Zhang,* X. Wang, R. Dongyzhang1@uiuc.edu, xwang2@uiuc.eduArcher Daniel Midland; Illinois Council for Food andAgricultural Research; U.S. Department of Energy

The long-term goal of this subproject is to develop andpilot-test the continuous thermal hydrolysis process andoperating parameters to convert the fiber stream from cornmilling and miscanthus into value-added products, orproducts that can be easily further processed (such asfermentation or thermochemical conversion). The short-term goal is to define key parameters for the fiber feedingsystem and the reactor for pilot plant development. A batchreactor and a laboratory-scale continuous reactor have beendeveloped for the study.

Microvolumetric Particle Tracking Velocimetry toStudy Stenosis Flow in ArteriesY. Zhang,* D. Li, Y. Sun, X. Wangyzhang1@uiuc.edu, ysun@uiuc.edu, xwang2@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture

The long term goal of the investigators is to developtechnologies to measure and predict flow velocity profilesin a flow field such as a human artery. In this study, theobjectives are to develop a 3-dimensional microvolumetricparticle tracking velocimetry (MVPTV) system formeasurement of fluid flow in a simulated artery system. AnMVPTV experimental set-up including image acquisition,laser illumination particle seeding, and flow generationsystems has been developed.

Particle Characterization for Off-Road MachineryCooling SystemsY. Zhang,* J. Su, S. E. Fordyzhang1@uiuc.edu, seford@uiuc.eduDeere & Company

Dust and debris properties vary with different machineworking environments, including harvesting differentcrops and construction. It is critical to have a clearerunderstanding of the physical properties, mechanicalbehavior, and testing procedures to evaluate theperformance of the air cleaning and cooling system. Theobjectives of this project are to characterize the physicalproperties and plugging mechanisms of different types ofdebris.

Size Distribution and Its Effect on SamplingPerformance of Particulate Matter in ConcentratedAnimal Feeding OperationsY. Zhang,* B. Shaw, X. Wangyzhang1@uiuc.edu, xwang2@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture National ResearchInitiative

Particulate matter (PM) emitted from confined animalfeeding operations (CAFOs) has increasingly becomesubject to state and federal air quality regulations.However, fundamental data regarding PM, such as particlesize distributions (PSDs), do not exist or are notrepresentative of CAFOs. This project is aimed atanswering two fundamental questions: What are the PSDsin typical CAFOs? How does particle size distributionaffect the existing particle sampling methods andregulations of agricultural operations? The expectedoutcome from this project will be a preliminary databasefor particle size distributions for concentrated animalfeeding operations and a protocol to evaluate theperformance of samplers used in agricultural operations.

Thermochemical Conversion (TCC) of Swine Manureto Produce Fuel and Reduce OdorY. Zhang,* K. Ocfemia, T. Funk, L. Christianson,S. Chenyzhang1@uiuc.edu, ocfemia@uiuc.edu, funkt@uiuc.edu,llc@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Energy; Worldwide Water Solutions

Thermochemical conversion (TCC) is a chemicalreforming reaction of organic compounds in a heatedenclosure. Swine manure with 5% to 20% solid matter wasprocessed in a scale batch TCC reactor, which converted70% of volatile solids into a crude oil. Based on the batchreactor, we have developed a continuous thermochemicalconversion (CTCC) reactor that has a capacity ofprocessing 50 liters of slurry and producing 5 liter of crudeoil per day.

Ventilation Equipment Testing Program in BESSLaboratoryY. Zhang,* S. E. Ford, L. L. Christianson, T. L. Funk,X. Wangyzhang1@uiuc.edu, seford@uiuc.edu, llc@uiuc.edu,funkt@uiuc.edu, xwang2@uiuc.eduVentilation Equipment Industry

This continuous program attracts more than 95% ofagricultural ventilation fan manufacturers, and many otherventilation equipment companies test their products at theUniversity of Illinois. An annual fan book is produced toreport on research related to ventilation, air flow

* Denotes principal investigator.

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characterization, and equipment development. Theprogram is managed through the BioenvironmentalEngineering Division and conducted within theBioenvironmental Structure and Systems (BESS)Laboratory. The program has resulted in a 25% increase infan efficiency across the United States in the past decade,and the income supports a full-time research engineer andseveral research assistants.

Biological NanotechnologyBiological NanotechnologyK. Bhalerao,* K. D. Rausch, H. Nguyenbhalerao@uiuc.edu, krausch@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois

A corn prolamin called "zein" is one of a class ofhydrophobic proteins that have limited nutritive value, butzein does have potential as a novel biomaterial. Zein isinsoluble in water or anhydrous ethanol. It does dissolve inaqueous ethanol (75%). We are currently studying thedissolution and aggregation properties of this protein inmixtures of ethanol and water. This work will lead to anincreased understanding of the colloidal properties andbiophysics of hydrophobic proteins.

Fabrication and Characterization of Corn ProteinBased FilmsK. Bhalerao,* G. W. Paduabhalerao@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois

Corn zein, a protein coproduct of the ethanol industry canbe fabricated into sturdy films. The structural properties ofthese films depend upon the orientation of the zeinmolecule. We are developing methods to analyze andcontrol the nanoscale architecture of the zein films in orderto study the feasibility of using zein films in diverseapplications, such as flexible electronics, food packaging,and drug delivery.

Synthetic BiologyK. Bhalerao,* C. Raobhalerao@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois

The idea of manipulating gene expression networks at thesub cellular level has led to an unprecedented, rational,systems-based approach to designing genetic "circuits" insimple unicellular organisms. This opportunity will bemade possible only through the development of suitablemolecular tools and processes to effectively perturb, study,and reprogram genetic networks. Using novel synthetic

networks, we are actively developing programmable geneexpression systems that may be used in fundamental lifesciences research and industrial biotechnology.

Decision SupportConcurrent Science and Engineering for Life SupportL. F. Rodriguez,* D. Kortenkamp, A. B. O. Soboyejo,K. C. Tinglfr@uiuc.edu, kcting@uiuc.eduNational Aeronautics and Space Administration;University of Illinois

A working group is established within NASA to studyredundancy, reliability and contingency issues related toadvanced life support (ALS) for exploration mission. Theobjectives are to consider NASA's current approach toreliable design; to consider life support system specificfailure modes; to consider reliability improvement; tomake recommendations for how and when to bring theissues of redundancy, reliability, and contingency intosystems analysis; to identify specific impacts these issuesmay have on ALS technology and model development; andto suggest new analysis or testing activities to address theseissues.

Food and Bioprocess EngineeringOptimizing Food and Fuel ProductionL. Berger,* S. R. Eckhoffseckhoff@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois, C-FAR Sentinel

Concern over the use of corn for fuel at the expense ofanimal feed can be partially mitigated by harvesting thecorn near physiological maturity (35-40% moisture, wb),where the stover has higher digestibility than in field driedcorn. The study will compare ruminant digestibility cornstover harvested at different corn moistures and willevaluated methods to dry or preserve the high moisturecorn.

Recovery of CoproductsS. R. Eckhoff,* S. Eckhoffseckhoff@uiuc.eduArcher, Daniels, Midland Company; U.S. Department ofAgriculture

Tempering in corn dry milling is a mechanical process,relying on the differential rates of water absorption by thevarious corn components to create a shearing effect at theboundaries of the components. However, the separation is

* Denotes principal investigator.

9

not clean enough for use as a preprocess for dry grindethanol. This study explores the use of adjunct chemicalsin steeping and the use of puffing to recover the germ andpericarp fiber with less attached endosperm material.

Evaluation of Ethanol Production TechnologiesK. D. Rausch,* B. Dien, V. Singhkrausch@uiuc.edu, vsingh@uiuc.eduNational Center for Agricultural Utilization Research;Agricultural Research Service; U.S. Department ofAgriculture

The fuel ethanol industry is rapidly growing and becomingmore competitive. As a result, more value needs to beextracted from coproducts made with ethanol. Thiscollaborative project seeks to understand the role of rawmaterial (corn) in optimally producing ethanol and otherbioproducts and to identify process methods that generatemultiple coproducts with increased value. A small-scale(25g) dry grind procedure is being developed and evaluatedto serve as a reference for the fuel ethanol and corn geneticsindustries. As new sources of genetic material aredeveloped, the procedure will determine ethanol yieldsaccurately.

Fractionation of Thin Stillage from Dry Grind Processto Determine Water Recycling Rates and HeatTransfer PropertiesK. D. Rausch,* V. Singh, R. L. Belyeakrausch@uiuc.edu, vsingh@uiuc.eduIllinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (C-FAR)

The dry grind process is used to produce fuel ethanol andresults in one coproduct, distillers dried grains withsolubles (DDGS). Knowledge is limited on thin stillageand wet grains that are used to produce DDGS; effects ofprocess modifications on these process streams isunknown. Compositions of the thin stillage streams frommodified processes will be affected; membrane filtrationand heat transfer fouling characteristics are expected to bedifferent. Our overall goal is to determine membranefiltration and heat transfer fouling characteristics toidentify potential for increasing water recycle and reducingenergy requirements during ethanol production.

Process Development to Recover Nutrients fromAgricultural SolidsK. D. Rausch,* V. Singh, M. E. Tumblesonkrausch@uiuc.edu, vsingh@uiuc.edu,mtumbles@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture

Bioprocessing of agricultural materials typically uses anintensive amount of water. As a result, bioprocess streamscarry nutrients in dilute quantities, causing difficultrecovery and low or negative economic value of recoveredsolids. Conventional drying methods are inherentlyenergy-intensive because of evaporation of water and othersolvents. This project investigates emerging technologiesor technologies from other industries for use inbioprocesses that dewater, dry, or convert solids into highervalued products. Currently, work has applied membranefiltration technology to corn processes to conserve waterand recover nutrients.

Effect of Hybrid Variability and Planting Location onEthanol YieldsV. Singh,* J. Graebervsingh@uiuc.eduSyngenta Seeds, Inc.

This study investigates the effect of hybrid variability andplanting location on the ethanol yield. Approximately 100different dent corn hybrids grown at multiple locations inthe Midwestern United States will be processed using alaboratory dry grind procedure to determine ethanol yield.Influence of the growing location and hybrid on ethanolyields will be observed. Selected hybrids also will belaboratory wet milled to determine starch yield and thecorrelation between the starch extractability and ethanolyield.

Enhanced DDGS from the Elusieve Process: Foodstufffor NonruminantsV. Singh,* C. Parsons, J. E. Pettigrew, K. D. Rauschvsingh@uiuc.edu, krausch@uiuc.eduIllinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research

DDGS produced from the elusieve process as a foodstufffor nonruminants will be investigated. A process calledelusieve has been developed to separate fiber fromdistillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). This processuses sieving and elutriation to separate fiber from DDGS.Separation in a dry grind ethanol plant increases proteinand fat content and reduces fiber content in the resultingDDGS (enhanced DDGS). Enhanced and original DDGSwill be evaluated by precision-fed rooster assay todetermine total metabolized energy and true digestibility

* Denotes principal investigator.

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of amino acids. Digestible energy values of enhanced andoriginal DDGS in 30-kg pigs will be measured.

Evaluation and Development of Enzymes for ModifiedCorn Dry Grind ProcessesV. Singh,* K. Wenger, P. Lindergaardvsingh@uiuc.eduNovozymes NA

In the proposed study, we will evaluate use of amylasesand proteases in dry grind corn fractionation processes toimprove rate of fermentation and increase ethanol yield.Use of corn fiber as feedstock for ethanol production willalso be evaluated.

Modified Milling Technologies for Dry-Grind EthanolV. Singh,* K. D. Rausch, D. B. Johnstonvsingh@uiuc.edu, krausch@uiuc.eduEastern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department ofAgriculture, Agricultural Research Service

The objective of this research is to develop new or modifyexisting corn milling technologies that allow value-addedprocessing and lower the capital and operating costs ofethanol production facilities. The project involvesrecovering multiple coproducts and improving theefficiency of dry-grind corn processing. Economicassessment of process improvements will be done byprocess simulation and economic modeling.

Use of Enzymes to Reduce Steep Time, Reduce SO2

Emissions and Improve Product Yield in the Corn WetMilling ProcessV. Singh,* D. B. Johnstonvsingh@uiuc.eduCooperative State Research, Education, and ExtensionService; U.S. Department of Agriculture

An enzymatic corn wet milling process is being developedto reduce or eliminate sulfur dioxide (SO2) requirementsduring steeping, reduce steep time and produce starchyields comparable to conventional processes. Benefits ofthe process are that it reduces use of sulfur dioxide in thewet milling process. This change would have an effect onreducing environmental and health risks associated withuse of SO2. Enzymatic milling reduces process time by70% while maintaining product yields and quality. We areworking with corn wet milling processors to evaluate thisprocess at commercial scale.

Use of Transgenic Corn for Processing FacilitiesV. Singh,* K. D. Rauschvsingh@uiuc.edu, krausch@uiuc.eduSyngenta Biotechnology, Inc.

A transgenic corn that produces high levels of endogenousamylase is being evaluated for dry grind corn processing.The enzyme is activated in the presence of water and hightemperature. In a conventional process, exogenous alphaamylase enzymes are added during liquefaction to breakdown starch into dextrins. In this study, liquefaction andfermentation properties of transgenic corn are being testedusing a small-scale laboratory dry grind procedure andcompared to the fermentation properties of a controlsample of isogenic corn.

Grain Qualities and PropertiesNear-Infrared Spectroscopy for Ethanol ProcessesM. R. Paulsen,* S. Rathorempaulsen@uiuc.eduDickey-John Corporation

The objective of this work was to investigate the feasibilityof developing calibrations for ethanol yield based onground corn samples using a Fourier-Transform NearInfrared (FT-NIR) Perkin Elmer Model 6750 SpectrumOne NTS spectrometer. Calibration models using PCA,PLS, and discriminant PLS were investigated. Fourier-Transform NIR calibrations were made based on HPLCtests of fermented corn slurries. The wavenumbers(wavelengths) of 5170 cm-1 (1934 nm), 4764 cm-1 (2100nm), 4518 cm-1 (2210 nm), 5782 cm-1 (1729 nm), and5938 cm-1 (1684 nm) were found to be important for theclassification of corn hybrids for ethanol values.

Life Support Systems Reliability andSustainabilityDesign Architectures for Life SupportL. F. Rodríguez,* J. F. Russell, D. Poritz,D. Kortenkamp, A. B. O. Soboyejo, K. C. Tinglfr@uiuc.edu, kcting@uiuc.eduNational Aeronautics and Space Administration

When considering long-term missions to Mars, the designparadigm for life support systems may need to be adjustedfrom that of existing systems, such as those for the SpaceShuttle and the International Space Station. The primarydifferences would include increasing amounts of resourcerecycling. This study focuses on the relative merits of

* Denotes principal investigator.

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design architectures with respect to design, contingency,maintenance, and operations. Having a fundamentalunderstanding of the effect of various design, contingency,maintenance, and operations decisions will assist NASA indetermining the most advantageous technologydevelopment strategies going forward toward Lunar andMartian missions.

Early Life Testing for Costly Life Support SystemsL. F. Rodríguez,* D. Poritz, D. Kortenkamp,A. B. O. Soboyejo, K. C. Ting, K. Pickering, F. Smithlfr@uiuc.edu, kcting@uiuc.eduNational Aeronautics and Space Administration

Conducting life testing and addressing reliability of lifesupport systems are frequently challenging due toextremely high cost of test items, the scarcity of test items,or the risk of endangering test subjects. When consideringimplementation of life testing, it is critical to control costsand risks. Furthermore, it is possible that the subsequentanalysis of test data may not yield worthwhile resultsunless careful experimental designs and controls areutilized. To address this need, a new statistical model foruse with the design of experiments is under developmentthat is suited to the life testing of high-cost, high-riskhardware and systems.

Integrated Modeling of Life Support Systems Modelingfor Reliability and RobustnessL. F. Rodríguez,* H. Jiang, S. Bell, K. Bhalerao,D. Kortenkamp, A. B. O. Soboyejo, K. C. Tinglfr@uiuc.edu, bhalerao@uiuc.edu, kcting@uiuc.eduNational Aeronautics and Space Administration

Robustness is often reduced to hardware reliability.However, the operation of a system has a great deal ofimpact on its robustness. Robust operation will be acombination of manual operations supported by softwareand automated operations supported by people. We willlook at increasing the robustness of life support systems byapplying the appropriate mix of people and software;model-based techniques for diagnosis, prognosis andcontrol; and procedural techniques for support manualoperations. Integrated models will be developed to analyzea wide array of design architectures for the considerationof their inherent reliability and robustness.

Modeling and Analysis of BiologicalSystemsHolistic Modeling, Analysis, and Control of ModernProduction SystemsL. Rodriguez,* C. Li, A. Hansen, Q. Zhanglfr@uiuc.edu, achansen@uiuc.edu, qinzhang@uiuc.eduDudley Smith Institute

The business of modern agricultural systems is complex.A preliminary model based on the existing cattle-cornrotation on the Dudley Smith Farm shall be developed toconsider these complex interactions. From a systemsperspective, this is a good candidate for several reasons.By rotating cattle onto the lands, diversity is introducedinto the system. System diversity is likely to be beneficialto overall system stability by offering more opportunities.Effectively, the producer will have more options. Profitscan be assured more reliably. However, managing acomplex system has its trade-offs requiring tighter systemcontrols and better decision making.

Wetland Modeling FrameworksL. Rodriguez,* M. Appleford, G. Menezes, A. Kentlfr@uiuc.edu, akent@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois

The study of wetland microbial community dynamicsinvolves monitoring and controlling the composition of themicrobial community (MCC). The MCC is affected byclimatic, meteorological, physical, and chemical changes.Some of these changes could be developed, not only by theecosystem forces of the lakes, but also by anthropogenicdisturbances and global change issues. Little is knownabout changes in community composition over annual timescales due to their interaction with ecological factors.Modeling frameworks are under development to predictthe behavior of the microbial communities over differenttime scales for the purpose of designing and controllingecosystem services.

Bottom-Up Models of the Photosystem at the MolecularLevelL. F. Rodríguez,* S. Bell, R. K. Bradley, D. Kortenkamp,G. Menezeslfr@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois

The modeling and understanding of biosystems at all levelshas been initiated with the development of pathway modelsof the photosystem. The intention is to integrate suchbottom up models with existing models of leaf and canopylevel photosynthesis. The integrated multiscale model

* Denotes principal investigator.

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should improve the ability to model and simulate cropbiosystems. The levels that might be considered includethe molecular, organelle, cellular, tissue, system,organism, and community. Remaining challenges includethe identification of events and scenarios that requiresimultaneous consideration at multiple levels and theidentification of critical data that must be shared betweenmodels at different levels.

Off-Road Equipment EngineeringCorn Root Evaluation SystemT. E. Grift,* M. Bohn, J. Novaisgrift@uiuc.eduPioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.

A system was developed to efficiently image a largenumber of corn roots. The images were stored andcharacterized using qualifiers such as fractal dimensionand entropy. The qualifiers allow for distinguishing amongcorn genotypes, and it is anticipated that they can be usedto identify genetic markers that have distinct effects on theroot development of corn plants under varying soilconditions. A database was developed containing rootmorphology images featuring a wide spectrum of corngenotypes grown under diverse field conditions (e.g.,different plant densities, altered nutritional status, drought,flooding, presence of soil borne diseases, and pests).

Development of a Smart Spreader SystemT. E. Grift,* G. Kweon, E. Piron, F. Rioualgrift@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois; CEMAGREF

The application of fertilizers poses a potential threat to theenvironment and crop if not applied at the correctapplication rate and optimal uniformity. The era ofPrecision Agriculture has required the development ofvariable rate spreaders, but traditionally these merelyattempt to control the rate and not the uniformity. Incooperation with CEMAGREF at Montoldre, France, theUniversity of Illinois is developing a Smart SpreaderSystem that is both rate and uniformity controlled. Inaddition, testing arrangements are being developed tostudy the fundamental flow of particles during spreadingas well as material properties such as Coulomb frictioncoefficients.

Development of a Yield Monitor for Citrus FruitsT. E. Grift,* M. R. Ehsani, K. Nishiwakigrift@uiuc.eduCitrus Research and Education Center; University ofFlorida

Yield monitors, which measure the material flow duringharvesting, have been developed for many agriculturalcrops, but in citrus growing traditionally bins of fruits wereused as the basic unit. With the emergence of continuousmechanical harvesting machines, there is a need for a yieldmonitor for fruits. This method gives a precise indicationof the performance on a per tree basis, which can helpgrowers to better manage their groves. A basic yieldmonitoring method was developed at the University ofIllinois and is currently being implemented at the CitrusResearch and Education Center.

Development of Portable Tools with OptimumConfiguration for Cutting SugarcaneA. C. Hansen*achansen@uiuc.eduCampus Research Board

A survey of sugar cane cutting tools used in differentcountries shows considerable variation in design,suggesting that the design of the cutting tool has evolvedthrough trial and error rather than clearly definedengineering ergonomic principles. The objective is todesign, build, and test portable tools for cutting sugarcane,based on engineering and ergonomic principles, in order tomaximize productivity and quality with the least stress onthe body. A platform will be developed on which tomeasure sugar cane cutting forces and cutting bladeacceleration to be used as inputs into a biomechanicsmodel.

Investigation on Automatic Tuning and AdaptiveControl Technologies for Intelligent Vehicle PathTrackingQ. Zhang*qinzhang@uiuc.eduDeere & Company

To obtain a high maneuvering performance on groundvehicles, researchers have developed many high-levelcontrollers, including but not limited to PID, feedforward-PID, fuzzy, sliding mode, and LQR. This study intends toidentify relevant approaches and research results of a fewselective controllers; identify the strengths and weaknessesof each candidate; and recommend approaches andconstruct guidelines for vehicle controllers. Somerepresentative controllers will be implemented on a

* Denotes principal investigator.

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laboratory-scale, hardware-in-the-loop control systemsimulator to provide preliminary validation on the results.

Sensor Fusion Development for AutoTrac GuidanceSystemsQ. Zhang*qinzhang@uiuc.eduDeere & Company

The goal of this project is to develop sensor fusionmethodologies to integrate multiple sensors (e.g., GPS,IMU, vision) to provide accurate and robust navigationinputs for Deere AutoTrac guidance systems. Integrationsof a low-cost IMU sensor with GPS and a vision sensorwith GPS will be the primary focus of this project. Theintegrated sensor systems will be tested in multiple fieldswith AutoTrac guidance vehicles. In addition to identifythe current sensor limitations, this project will focus ondeveloping, integrating, implementing, and validating alow-cost IMU and GPS sensor fusion system.

RoboticsDevelopment and Evaluation of High EfficiencyFlexible Intelligent Farming Tools: Phase I–Autonomous Weed ControlT. E. Grift,* M. Bohn, L. Tian, L. Rodriguez, A. Hagergrift@uiuc.edu;, lei-tian@uiuc.edu;, lfr@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois, C-FAR Sentinel

We propose to develop a flexible weeding system that iscapable of identifying weeds and treating them accordingto their response to glyphosate (Roundup). Weeds that areresponsive to glyphosate will be treated chemically,whereas resistant weeds (in particular waterhemp) will betreated mechanically. The operations will be carried out byautonomous robots that have wireless Internet connectivityto facilitate access to a weed image database as well asmiscellaneous data gathering (for instance weather data)and remote monitoring of performance.

Site-Specific AgriculturePrecise Application of Agricultural ChemicalsL. E. Bode,* S. R. Bretthauerbode@uiuc.edu, sbrettha@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois; U.S. Department of Agriculture

Improvements in the application of agricultural chemicalsare needed to improve the safe and efficient application ofagricultural chemicals. New nozzle designs, sensors andcontrol systems for agricultural sprayers have the potential

to improve deposition efficiency with a correspondingdecrease in spray drift. The objective of this project is todevelop new technology, techniques, and practices thatimprove the efficiency of applying substances used forcontrol of pests. Specific goals are to characterize newnozzle designs for increasing chemical deposition on plantand pest targets while reducing off-target spray drift.

Data Collection and Analysis for Future FarmsL. Tian,* G. Schnitkey, M. Welgelei-tian@uiuc.eduDudley Smith Foundations

High-quality data are essential for future cropmanagement. Site-specific information will have highervalue when the sensing system is optimized and error isminimized. This project is a pilot study to see what thefuture data set might be and how researchers could bestplan to analyze it. The team will use state-of-the-arttechnologies in the development of sensing systems forfuture farms. High-performance computing systems willbe used in the data management study. A prescriptive studywill be conducted concerning the value of informationfrom site-specific technologies.

Developing an Agricultural Remote Sensing Programat the University of IllinoisL. Tian,* D. Bullock, J. Westerveltlei-tian@uiuc.eduSentinel Program of Illinois Council for Food andAgricultural Research

Cooperating with NASA researchers, University of Illinoisscientists are expanding the agricultural remote sensingprogram at the University of Illinois. Program objectivesare to develop the key technologies needed for NASAremote sensing data applications in precision agriculturesettings; design and develop new courses in the area ofagricultural remote sensing, spatial data management, andprecision agriculture; foster cooperation among scientistsfrom universities, government agencies, and industryworking in precision agriculture and remote sensing; andbring new technologies to farmers, assess their needs,target research to address those needs, and maximize therelevancy of the program.

Improved Application of Pest Control SubstancesL. Tian*lei-tian@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois; U.S. Department of Agriculture

Equipment and techniques are being developed to improvethe application efficiency of agricultural chemicals.Droplet size spectra from various atomizers are measured

* Denotes principal investigator.

14

to determine target coverage versus spray drift potential.Field studies of spray drift deposits are used to verify thedroplet size evaluations. Sensors and automatic controlsystems are being developed to apply pest controlsubstances as a function of soil organic matter, travelspeed, and other input variables. Techniques forincorporation of herbicides in the soil profile ofconservation tillage systems are being developed andevaluated.

Soil and Water ResourcesEvaluation of Range Design Relative to CombatReadiness and Environmental RisksP. K. Kalita,* M. C. Hirschipkalita@uiuc.edu, mch@uiuc.eduU.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory

Training and testing ranges on U.S. Army installations areessential for combat readiness of military personnel. Awide variety of range types are needed to provide realistictraining conditions. Problems such as soil erosion andwater quality degradation, poor air quality from dust,wildfires, smokes, and obscurants, and heavy metalaccumulation that result from live fire activities areenvironmental risks that can affect training and testingactivities on U.S. Army installations. The objectives of thisproject are to analyze training and testing range designelements with respect to mission, environmentaldegradation and regulatory noncompliance, and long-termoperations and maintenance requirements.

Water QualityAmount, Timing, and Quality of Water Coming fromManaged (Controlled) and Unmanaged DrainageSystems in IllinoisR. A. Cooke*rcooke@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture; Agricultural ResearchService

This research project is designed to quantify and comparethe amount, timing, and quality of water discharging frommanaged and unmanaged drainage systems in Illinois. Itinvolves monitoring flow and obtaining flow-weightedwater quality samples from managed and free drainagesystems on a range of soil types in various locations in thestate. The resulting data will be used for developingmanagement criteria for drainage water managementsystems in Illinois.

Combined Drainage Water Management/BioreactorSystem for Improving the Quality of Tile OutflowR. A. Cooke*rcooke@uiuc.eduAgricultural Watershed Institute

The goal of this project is to evaluate the effectiveness andcost efficiency of bioreactors, either as stand-alonepractices or in combination with drainage watermanagement systems, in reducing nitrogen discharge fromagricultural fields with subsurface tile drainage. Thisinformation will be helpful in scaling up a regionalinitiative to reduce nitrogen and other discharges fromagricultural lands and to reduce environmental impacts andprotect and possibly enhance income to rural communitiesand landowners.

Development of Conservation Drainage in IllinoisR. A. Cooke*rcooke@uiuc.eduUniversity of Illinois

The objectives of this project are to test the hypothesis thatwhile different drainage practices may result in the sameintensity of drainage, thereby producing the sameproduction benefits, they differ in their effect on waterquality; to determine the design configurations thatoptimize production benefits while having the leastdeleterious impact on the environment; and to involveproducers, drainage contractors, educators, and localconservation personnel in drainage research.

Illinois Conservation Drainage Research andDemonstration Watershed ProjectR. A. Cooke*rcooke@uiuc.eduNatural Resources Conservation Service; AgriculturalResearch Service Soil Drainage Unit

The project was established to provide a showcasewatershed for drainage water management and otherenvironmentally friendly drainage practices; to conductresearch on stream flow, water quality, controlleddrainage, and bioreactors; to collect data that can be usedto model flow and transport in a tile-drained watershed;and to work in conjunction with local stakeholders topromote conservation drainage.

* Denotes principal investigator.

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Understanding Hydrologic and Water QualityResponse of a Tiled WatershedP. K. Kalita,* R. A. Cooke, M. C. Hirschi, R. J. Hudsonpkalita@uiuc.edu, rcooke@uiuc.edu, mch@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture, National ResearchInitiative Competitive Grants Program

Tile-drained watersheds contain much of the productiveagricultural land in the north central United States, yet thehydrology of these watersheds is not well understood. Thisstudy will initiate a new dimension for watershedmanagement to improve water quality in tile-drainedwatersheds. Once the techniques and relationships arevalidated, an estimate of total maximum daily load(TMDL) to a surface water source will be available throughsimple and accurate means. Overall, the results of thisstudy will be utilized for better management of agriculturalpractices in east central Illinois and similar areas with tile-drained watersheds.

Vegetative Treatment System TechnologyP. K. Kalita,* T. Funk, X. Wangpkalita@uiuc.edu, funkt@uiuc.edu, xwang2@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture; Iowa Cattleman’sAssociation, Iowa

The performance evaluation of a vegetative treatment area(VTA) for beef feedlot runoff management is beinginvestigated. This is probably the southernmost site amongall the other experimental sites in a multistate effort withsignificantly different climate, hydrologic, and soilconditions. The overall objective of this investigation is toevaluate through field monitoring the performance ofnonbasin (noncontainment) technologies for the treatmentof open feedlot runoff in several beef operations indifferent midwestern states. Two nonbasin technologiesunder consideration are infiltration basin followed byvegetative treatment area, and vegetative treatment areaonly.

An Innovative System for Bioremediation ofAgricultural Chemicals for EnvironmentalSustainabilityP. K. Kalita,* R. A. Cookepkalita@uiuc.edu, rcooke@uiuc.eduU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

The overall objective of this research project is to design,implement, and evaluate a renewable, naturally availablebiofilter to minimize the transport of chemicals fromagricultural fields into surface water sources. A cost-effective design for minimizing the chemical leachingfrom agricultural fields would be preferred to any reductionin pesticide and nutrient application. In addition, this

design will allow for sustainable agricultural productionand technology, while being environmentally beneficial tosurrounding areas.

International Water Management ProgramR. S. Kanwar,* P. K. Kalita, R. Mohtar, M. Walter,V. Singhpkalita@uiuc.edu, vsingh@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture-Foreign AgricultureService; National Association of State Universities andLand-Grant Colleges; Government of India - AKI(Agricultural Knowledge Initiative) Program

The project builds expertise and human capacity andinvolves both priority areas of the U.S.-India AgriculturalKnowledge Initiative (AKI) Competitive Grants Program:capacity building and water management. The short-termand long-term goals of this proposal are threefold: todevelop a consortium of U.S. and Indian Universities/Research Institutes/NGOs; to develop MS and PhDsandwich degree programs in “International WaterManagement;” and to develop collaborative researchprograms on the use of biodrainage for salinity control andwater harvesting techniques for groundwater recharge.

Control of Cryptosporidium and RotavirusContaminationM. K. Kuhlenschmidt,* P. K. Kalitapkalita@uiuc.eduU.S. Department of Agriculture, National ResearchInitiative

The goal of this research is to prevent microbialcontamination of water resources and provide a safe andsustainable environment for animal production facilities.In order to design and implement field-applicabletechnology for prevention of microbial contamination, theprocesses of microbial transport in surface and near-surface runoff need to be understood and quantified.Furthermore, the critical factors that affect microbetransport rates and viability, for example, soil composition,vegetation, rainfall, and land slope, must be identified andcharacterized. This current study seeks to identify thesecritical factors.

* Denotes principal investigator.

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Journal ArticlesAgricultural Infotronic SystemsNoh, H., Zhang, Q., Shin, B., Han, S., and Feng, L. Aneural network model of maize crop nitrogen stressassessment for a multispectral imaging sensor.Biosystems Engineering, 94, 477-485 (2006).

Rovira-Más, F., Reid, J. F., and Zhang, Q. Stereovisioninformation processing with 3D density maps foragricultural vehicles. Transactions of the AmericanSociety of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 49,1213-1222 (2006).

Agricultural SafetyForst, L., Noth, I., Lacey, S., Bauer, S., Skinner, S.,Petrea, R., and Zanoni, J. Barriers and benefits ofprotective eyewear use by Latino farm workers. Journalof Agromedicine, 11:2, 11-18 (2006).

Bioenvironmental EngineeringCheng, X., Tan, Z., Wang, X., and Tay, R. Air quality ina commercial truck cabin. Transportation Research,Part D: Transport and Environment, 11:6, 389-395(2006).

Heber, A. J., Lim, T. T., Ni, J. Q., Tao, P. C.,Schmidt, A. M., Koziel, J. A., Hoff, S. J.,Jacobson, L. D., Zhang, Y. H., and Baughman, G. B.Quality-assured measurements of animal buildingemissions: Particulate matter concentrations. Journalof the Air and Waste Management Association, 56:12,1642-1648 (Dec. 2006).

Heber, A. J., Ni, J. Q., Lim, T. T., Tao, P. C.,Schmidt, A. M., Koziel, J. A., Beasley, D. B.,Hoff, S. J., Nicolai, R. E., Jacobson, L. D., andZhang, Y. H. Quality-assured measurements of animalbuilding emissions: Gas concentrations. Journal of theAir and Waste Management Association, 56:10,1472-1483 (Oct. 2006).

Hoff, S., Bundy, D., Huebner, M., Zelle, B.,Jacobson, L., Heber, A., Ni, J., Zhang, Y., Koziel, J., andBeasley, D. Emissions of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide,and odor before and after slurry removal from a deep-pit swine finisher. Journal of the Air and WasteManagement Association, 56:5, 581-590 (2006).

Jerez, S., Zhang, Y., McClure, J., Jacobson, L.,Heber, A., Hoff, S., Koziel, J., and Beasley, D.Comparison of measured total suspended particulatematter concentrations using tapered elementoscillating microbalance and a total suspendedparticulate sampler. Journal of the Air and WasteManagement Association, 56:3, 261-270 (2006).

Li, B., Ford, S. E., Li, Y., and Zhang, Y. Development ofa fan testing chamber for agricultural and horticulturalfans in China. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 22:1,115-119 (2006).

Ocfemia, K., Zhang, Y., and Funk, T. Hydrothermalprocess of swine manure into oil using a continuousreactor system: Development and testing. Transactionsof the American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers, 49:2, 533-541 (2006).

Ocfemia, K., Zhang, Y., and Funk, T. Hydrothermalprocessing of swine manure to oil using a continuousreactor system: Effects of operating parameters on oilyield and quality. Transactions of the American Societyof Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 49:6,1897-1963 (2006).

Wang, A., Zhang, Y., Topmiller, J., Bennett, J., andDunn, K. Tracer study of airborne disease transmissionin an aircraft cabin mockup. Transactions of AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air ConditioningEngineers, 112:2, 697-705 (2006).

Wang, X., Wu, H., Zhang, Q., Hansen, A. C., andMalinga, B. Lean NOx trap storage model for dieselengine aftertreatment control and diagnosis.Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers, 49:6, 1687-1693 (2006).

Food and Bioprocess EngineeringBelyea, R. L., Clevenger, T. E., Singh, V.,Tumbleson, M. E., and Rausch, K. D. Elementconcentrations of dry-grind corn processing streams.Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 34, 113-128(2006).

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Murthy, G. S., Singh, V., Johnston, D. B., Rausch, K. D.,and Tumbleson, M. E. Evaluation and strategies toimprove fermentation characteristics of modified dry-grind corn processes. Cereal Chemistry, 83:5, 455-459(2006).

Murthy, G. S., Singh, V., Johnston, D. B., Rausch, K. D.,and Tumbleson, M. E. Improvement in fermentationcharacteristics of degermed ground corn by lipidsupplementation. Journal of Industrial Microbiology andBiotechnology, 33, 655-660 (2006).

Parris, N., Moreau, R. A., Johnston, D. B., Singh, V., andDickey, L. C. Protein distribution in commercial wet-and dry-milled corn germ. Journal of Agricultural andFood Chemistry, 54:13, 4868-4872 (2006).

Rausch, K. D. and Belyea, R. L. The future of coproductsfrom corn processing. Applied Biochemistry andBiotechnology, 128, 47-86 (2006).

Sharma, V., Singh, V., and Graeber, J. V. Effect of hybridvariability on modified E-mill dry-grind corn process.Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers, 49:5, 1651-1655 (2006).

Singh, V., Batie, C. J., Aux, G. W., Rausch, K. D., andMiller, C. Dry-grind processing of corn withendogenous liquefaction enzymes. Cereal Chemistry,83:4, 317-320 (2006).

Singh, V., Batie, C. J., Rausch, K. D., and Miller, C. Wetand dry milling properties of dent corn with additionof amylase corn. Cereal Chemistry, 83:4, 321-323 (2006).

Srinivasan, R., Singh, V., Belyea, R. L., Rausch, K. D.,Moreau, R. A., and Tumbleson, M. E. Economics of fiberseparation from distillers dried grains with solubles(DDGS) using sieving and elutriation. Cereal Chemistry,83:4, 324-330 (2006).

Templin, T. L., Johnston, D. B., Singh, V.,Tumbleson, M. E., Belyea, R. L., and Rausch, K. D.Membrane separation of solids from corn processingstreams. Bioresource Technology, 97, 1536-1545 (2006).

Thompson, C. I., Rausch, K. D., Belyea, R. L., andTumbleson, M. E. Microfiltration of gluten processingstreams from corn wet milling. Bioresource Technology,97, 348-354 (2006).

Wilkins, M. R., Belyea, R. L., Singh, V., Buriak, P.,Wallig, M. A., Tumbleson, M. E., and Rausch, K. D.Analysis of heat transfer fouling by dry-grind maizethin stillage using an annular fouling apparatus. CerealChemistry, 83:2, 121-126 (2006).

Wilkins, M. R., Singh, V., Belyea, R. L., Buriak, P.,Wallig, M. A., Tumbleson, M. E., and Rausch, K. D. Effectof pH on fouling characteristics and depositcompositions in dry-grind thin stillage. CerealChemistry, 83:3, 311-314 (2006).

Life Support Systems EngineeringRodriguez, L. F., Bell, S., and Kortenkamp, D. Use ofgenetic algorithms and transient models for life-support systems analysis. Journal of Spacecraft andRockets, 43:6, 1395-1403 (Nov.-Dec. 2006).

MechatronicsKise, M. and Zhang, Q. Sensor-in-the-loop tractorstability control: Look-ahead attitude prediction andfield tests. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 52,107-118 (2006).

Norris, W. R., Zhang, Q., and Sreenivas, R. Rule-basereduction for a fuzzy human operator performancemodel. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 22, 611-618(2006).

Off-Road Equipment EngineeringBohn, M., Novais, J., Fonseca, R., Tuberosa, R., andGrift, T. E. Genetic evaluation of root complexity inmaize. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 54:3, 291-303(2006).

Gao, Y. and Zhang, Q. A wavelet packet and residualanalysis–based method for hydraulic pump healthdiagnosis. Proceedings of the Institution of MechanicalEngineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering,220:D6, 735-745 (2006).

Grift, T. E. and Oberti, R. Development of low-cost rootcollar diameter measurement devices for pineseedlings. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 52,60-70 (2006).

18

Grift, T. E., Kweon, G., Hofstee, J. W., Piron, E., andVillette, S. Dynamic friction coefficient measurement ofgranular fertiliser particles. Biosystems Engineering,95:4, 507-515 (2006).

Hancock, K. M. and Zhang, Q. A hybrid approach tohydraulic vane pump condition monitoring and faultdetection. Transactions of the American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers, 49, 1203-1211(2006).

Hansen, A. C., Gratton, M. R., and Yuan, W. Diesel engineperformance and NOx emissions from oxygenatedbiofuels and blends with diesel fuel. Transactions of theAmerican Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers, 49:3, 589-595 (2006).

Kweon, G. and Grift, T. E. Feed gate adaptation of aspinner spreader for uniformity control. BiosystemsEngineering, 95:1, 19-34 (2006).

Wang, X., Wu, H., Zhang, Q., Hansen, A. C.,Malinga, B., and Zhang, Y. Lean NOx trap storage modelfor diesel engine aftertreatment control and diagnosis.Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers, 49:6, 1687-1693 (2006).

Water QualityKalita, P. K., Algoazany, A. S., Mitchell, J. K.,Cooke, R. A., and Hirschi, M. C. Subsurface waterquality from a flat tile-drained watershed in Illinois,USA. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 115,183-193 (2006).

Kim, K., Kalita, P. K., Bowes, M. J., and Eheart, J. W.Modeling of river dynamics of phosphorus underunsteady flow conditions. Water Resources Research,42:7, 7413 (2006).

Mankin, K. R, Barnes, P. L., Harner, J. P., Kalita, P. K.,and Boyer, J. E. Field evaluation of vegetative filtereffectiveness and runoff quality from unstockedfeedlots. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 61:4,209-217 (2006).

BooksBioenvironmental EngineeringZhang, Y. Indoor Air Quality Engineering. CRC Press,Boca Raton, FL (2005).

Book ChaptersSystem Informatics and AnalysisFleisher, D. H., Rodriguez, L., Both, A. J., Cavazzoni, J.,and Ting, K. C. Advanced life support systems in space.In International Commission of Agricultural Engineering(CIGR) Handbook of Agricultural Engineering: VolumeVI, Information Technology, pp. 339-354. AmericanSociety of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, St.Joseph, MI (2006).

Papers Presented atConferences andSymposiaAgricultural Infotronic SystemsKise, M. and Zhang, Q. Reconstruction of a virtual 3Dfield scene from ground-based multi-spectral stereoimagery. 2006 American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

Kise, M., Zhang, Q., and Yu, Y. A triplet-application ofa stereovision-based field recognition system.Automation Technology for Off-Road Equipment (Bonn,Germany, Sep. 2006). Automation Technology for Off-Road Equipment: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference109-116 (2006).

Wu, Q., Yu, Y., and Zhang, Q. Collective interest pointtracking based on graph matching. Bio-Robotics 3(Sapporo, Japan, Sep. 2006). Preprints of Bio-Robotics 394-99 (2006).

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Bioenvironmental EngineeringJerez, S. B., Zhang, Y., and Wang, X. Spatial distributionof ammonia concentration in a swine finishing buildingin Illinois. 2006 American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

Jerez, S. B., Zhang, Y., and Wang, X. Spatial distributionof dust concentration and particle size distribution in aswine finishing building in Illinois. 2006 AmericanSociety of Agricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (Portland, OR, Jul. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(2006).

Lee, J. M. and Zhang, Y. Determination of ammonia andodor released from animal building dust. 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (Portland, OR,Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (2006).

Wang, X., Jiang, J., and Funk, T. Energy analysis of a newswine building using geothermal system. 2006 AmericanSociety of Agricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (Portland, OR, Jul. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(2006).

Biological NanotechnologyBhalerao, K. and Nistala, G. An information frameworkfor biological nanodevice design. 2006 American Societyof Agricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (Portland, OR, Jul. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(2006).

Decision SupportWang, A., Zhang, Y., Topmiller, J. L., Bennett, J. S., andDunn, K. H. Tracer study of airborne transmission inan aircraft cabin mock-up. 2006 Annual Meeting of theAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (Québec City, QC, Jun. 2005).Transactions the American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers 697-705(2006).

Food and Bioprocess EngineeringArora, A., Niu, Y., Tumbleson, M. E., and Rausch, K. D.Laboratory wet milling. 2006 National Corn GrowersAssociation Corn Utilization and Technology Conference(Dallas, TX, Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 NationalCorn Growers Association Corn Utilization andTechnology Conference (2006).

Belyea, R. L. and Rausch, K. D. The future of coproductsfrom corn processing. 2006 National Corn GrowersAssociation Corn Utilization and Technology Conference(Dallas, TX, Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 NationalCorn Growers Association Corn Utilization andTechnology Conference (2006).

Kondo, N., Ninomiya, K., Kamata, J., Monta, M., andTing, K. C. Rotary tray for machine vision inspection ofwhole eggplant fruit. 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (Portland, OR, Jul. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(2006).

Meerdink, G. L., Belyea, R. L., Tumbleson, M. E., andRausch, K. D. Distillers dried grains with solubles andanimal production. 2006 National Corn GrowersAssociation Corn Utilization and Technology Conference(Dallas, TX, Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 NationalCorn Growers Association Corn Utilization andTechnology Conference (2006).

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Morgenroth, E., Clevenger, T. C., Belyea, R. L.,Singh, V., Johnston, D. B., Tumbleson, M. E., andRausch, K. D. Increasing the value of phosphorusthrough membrane separation, biological extractionand conversion. 2006 National Corn Growers AssociationCorn Utilization and Technology Conference (Dallas, TX,Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 National CornGrowers Association Corn Utilization and TechnologyConference (2006).

Murthy, G. S., Singh, V., Medanic, J. V., Rausch, K. D.,Johnston, D. B., and Tumbleson, M. E. Dynamic controlof the fermentation process in dry-grind cornprocessing. 2006 National Corn Growers AssociationCorn Utilization and Technology Conference (Dallas, TX,Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 National CornGrowers Association Corn Utilization and TechnologyConference (2006).

Murthy, G. S., Singh, V., Rausch, K. D., Johnston, D. B.,and Tumbleson, M. E. Effect of B vitamin and lipidsupplementation to improve fermentationcharacteristics of the modified dry-grind process:Applications to high-gravity fermentations. 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (Portland, OR,Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (2006).

Murthy, G. S., Singh, V., Rausch, K. D., Johnston, D. B.,and Tumbleson, M. E. Mathematical modeling ofenzymatic hydrolysis of starch: Application to fuelethanol production. 2006 National Corn GrowersAssociation Corn Utilization and Technology Conference(Dallas, TX, Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 NationalCorn Growers Association Corn Utilization andTechnology Conference (2006).

Murthy, G. S., Singh, V., Rausch, K. D., Johnston, D. B.,and Tumbleson, M. E. Mathematical modeling ofenzymatic hydrolysis of starch: Application to fuelethanol production. 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (Portland, OR, Jul. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(2006).

Murthy, G. S., Singh, V., Rausch, K. D., Johnston, D. B.,and Tumbleson, M. E. Strategies to improvefermentation characteristics of degermed corn flour:Effect of yeast strain and addition of proteases. 2006National Corn Growers Association Corn Utilization andTechnology Conference (Dallas, TX, Jun. 2006).Proceedings of the Corn 2006 National Corn GrowersAssociation Utilization and Technology Conference(2006).

Naidu, K., Singh, V., Johnston, D. B., Rausch, K. D., andTumbleson, M. E. Effects of ground corn particle size onethanol yield and thin stillage soluble solids: Evaluationusing two-liter dry-grind procedure. 2006 National CornGrowers Association Corn Utilization and TechnologyConference (Dallas, TX, Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the2006 National Corn Growers Association Corn Utilizationand Technology Conference (2006).

Rausch, K. D., Belyea, R. L., Singh, V., Clevenger, T. E.,Tumbleson, M. E., and Raskin, L. M. Nitrogen and sulfurin corn wet milling processing streams. 2006 NationalCorn Growers Association Corn Utilization andTechnology Conference (Dallas, TX, Jun. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 National Corn GrowersAssociation Corn Utilization and Technology Conference(2006).

Rausch, K. D., Dien, B. S., Arora, A., Singh, V.,McKinney, J., and Tumbleson, M. E. Ethanol yieldmeasurement. 2006 National Corn Growers AssociationCorn Utilization and Technology Conference (Dallas, TX,Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 National CornGrowers Association Corn Utilization and TechnologyConference (2006).

Rausch, K. D., Pruiett, L. E., Wang, P., Belyea, R. L.,and Tumbleson, M. E. Measurement of corn dry millingcharacteristics. 2006 National Corn Growers AssociationCorn Utilization and Technology Conference (Dallas, TX,Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 National CornGrowers Association Corn Utilization and TechnologyConference (2006).

Rausch, K. D., Raskin, L., Belyea, R. L.,Clevenger, T. E., and Tumbleson, M. E. Nitrogen andsulfur concentrations and flows in corn wet millingstreams. 2006 American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

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Sharma, V., Rausch, K. D., Tumbleson, M. E., andSingh, V. Starch fermentation characteristics fordifferent proportions of amylose and amylopectin. 2006National Corn Growers Association Corn Utilization andTechnology Conference (Dallas, TX, Jun. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 National Corn GrowersAssociation Corn Utilization and Technology Conference(2006).

Sharma, V., Rausch, K. D., Tumbleson, M. E., andSingh, V. Starch fermentation characteristics fordifferent proportions of amylose and amylopectin. 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (Portland, OR,Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (2006).

Singh, V. and Rausch, K. D. Development of new cornfor dry-grind corn processing. Bioenergy I: FromConcept to Commercial Processes (Tomar, Portugal, Mar.2006). Proceedings of Bioenergy I: From Concept toCommercial Processes (2006).

Srinivasan, R., Singh, V., Belyea, R. L., Rausch, K. D.,Moreau, R. A., and Tumbleson, M. E. Economics of fiberseparation from distillers dried grains with solublesusing sieving and elutriation. 2006 National CornGrowers Association Corn Utilization and TechnologyConference (Dallas, TX, Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the2006 National Corn Growers Association Corn Utilizationand Technology Conference (2006).

Tumbleson, M. E., Singh, V., Rausch, K. D.,Johnston, D. B., Kendra, D. F., Meerdink, G. L., andHaschek, W. M. Mycotoxin control during grainprocessing. 2006 American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

Wang, P., Singh, V., Johnston, D. B., Rausch, K. D., andTumbleson, M. E. Effect of protease enzymes on dry-grind corn process using a granular starch hydrolyzingenzyme. 2006 American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

Wang, P., Singh, V., Johnston, D. B., Rausch, K. D., andTumbleson, M. E. Use of protease and a granularhydrolyzing enzyme for high-gravity dry-grind cornprocessing. 2006 National Corn Growers AssociationCorn Utilization and Technology Conference (Dallas, TX,Jun. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 National CornGrowers Association Corn Utilization and TechnologyConference (2006).

Grain Qualities and PropertiesRathore, S. S., Paulsen, M. R., Singh, V., and Graeber, J.Ethanol yield of corn hybrids in dry-grind cornprocessing using Fourier-transform near-infraredspectroscopy. 2006 American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

MechatronicsDixon, S. and Zhang, Q. Design of electrohydraulicexperimentation systems for undergraduate education.2006 American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (Portland, OR,Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (2006).

Off-Road Equipment EngineeringGao, Y., Huang, R., and Zhang, Q. A comparison of threesteering controllers for off-road vehicles. AutomationTechnology for Off-Road Equipment III (Bonn, Germany,Sep. 2006). Proceedings of Automation Technology forOff-Road Equipment III 289-301 (2006).

Gao, Y., Huang, R., Zhang, Q., and Reid, J. F. Designmethods for three types of off-road vehicle steeringcontrollers. Bio-Robotics 3 (Sapporo, Japan, Sep. 2006).Preprints of Bio-Robotics 3 213-218 (2006).

Grift, T. E. and Kweon, G. Development of a uniformity-controlled granular fertilizer spreader. 2006 AmericanSociety of Agricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (Portland, OR, Jul. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(2006).

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Grift, T. E. and Kweon, G. Uniformity control of agranular fertiliser spreader using feed gate adaptation.2nd International Symposium on Centrifugal FertiliserSpreading (Montoldre, France, Oct. 2006). Proceedings ofthe 2nd International Symposium on Centrifugal FertiliserSpreading (2006).

Grift, T. E., Ehsani, R., Nishiwaki, N., Crespi, C., andMin, M. Development of a yield monitor for citrusfruits. 2006 American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

Hansen, A. C., Wenzel, S. J., Yuan, W., and Zhang, Q.Exhaust gas recirculation to reduce NOx emissionsfrom biodiesel fuel. 3rd International Federation ofAutomatic Control International Workshop onBiorobotics, Information Technology and IntelligentControl for Bioproduction Systems (Sapporo, Japan, Sep.2006). Proceedings of the 3rd International Federation ofAutomatic Control International Workshop onBiorobotics, Information Technology and IntelligentControl for Bioproduction Systems (2006).

Hansen, A. C., Wenzel, S., Yuan, W., and Zhang, Q.Exhaust gas recirculation to reduce NOx emissionsfrom biodiesel fuel. Bio-Robotics 3 (Sapporo, Japan, Sep.2006). Preprints of Bio-Robotics 3 341-346 (2006).

Marx, B., Bezuidenhout, C., Hansen, A. C.,Wilcox, T. A., and Lyne, P. W. Trafficability assessmentfor agricultural lands with the aid of a soil compactionmodel. 2006 American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

McCrady, J., Hansen, A. C., and Lee, C. F. Physicalproperty measurement of biodiesel fuels for low-temperature combustion modeling. 2006 AmericanSociety of Agricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (Portland, OR, Jul. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(2006).

Nishiwaki, K., Kondo, N., Kise, M., Zhang, Q.,Grift, T. E., Tian, L., and Ting, K. C. Feasibility of usingpolarizing filters to reduce halation effects duringimage acquisition in the field. 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (Portland, OR, Jul. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(2006).

Piron, E., Miclet, D., Grift, T. E., and Kweon, G. 3Dvelocity measurement of fertiliser with an opticalsensor: Practical issues. 2nd International Symposium onCentrifugal Fertiliser Spreading (Montoldre, France, Oct.2006). Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium onCentrifugal Fertiliser Spreading (2006).

Ryerson, A. E. F. and Zhang, Q. Vehicle path planningfor complete field coverage using genetic algorithms.Automation Technology for Off-Road Equipment III(Bonn, Germany, Sep. 2006). Proceedings of AutomationTechnology for Off-Road Equipment III 309-317 (2006).

Wenzel, S. J., Hansen, A. C., and Yuan, W. Combinedimpact of biodiesel and exhaust gas recirculation onNOx emissions. 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

Zhang, F., Ying, Y., Zhang, Q., and Shin, B. Vision-basedposition system for agricultural vehicle using extendedKalman filter. 2006 American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

Zhang, Q. New iron: Intelligent machinery technologiesfor 21st-century farming. Bio-Robotics 3 (Sapporo,Japan, Sep. 2006). Preprints of Bio-Robotics 3 1-6 (2006).

Precision AgricultureJeon, H., Gingerich, N., and Tian, L. Development of arenewable energy–powered field robotic system. 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (Portland, OR,Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (2006).

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Xiang, H. and Tian, L. Development of autonomousunmanned helicopter–based agricultural remotesensing system. 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(Portland, OR, Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (2006).

System Informatics and AnalysisBhalerao, K., Rodriguez, L., Ting, K. C., andSoboyejo, A. Reliability of advanced life supportsystems. 2006 Habitation Conference (Orlando, FL, Jan.2006). Proceedings of the 2006 Habitation Conference(2006).

Water QualityChun, J. and Cooke, R. A. Numerical modeling of field-scale subsurface bioreactors. 2006 Conference onInnovations in Reducing Nonpoint Source Pollution(Indianapolis, IN, Nov. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006Conference on Innovations in Reducing Nonpoint SourcePollution (2006).

Cooke, R. A. The Illinois Conservation DrainageResearch/Demonstration Program. 2006 AmericanSociety of Agronomy/Crops Science Society of America/Soil Science Society of America Annual Meeting(Indianapolis, IN, Nov. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006American Society of Agronomy/Crops Science Society ofAmerica/Soil Science Society of America Annual Meeting(2006).

Goswami, D., Kalita, P. K., and Cooke, R. A. Comparingnumerical and analytical solutions for baseflow intodrainage channels. 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (Portland, OR, Jul. 2006).Proceedings of the 2006 American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting(2006).

McCool, D. K., Saxton, K. E., and Kalita, P. K. Winterrunoff and erosion from Pacific Northwest croplands.2006 American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (Portland, OR,Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (2006).

Rodrique, A., Cooke, R. A., and Chun, J. Effects ofsampling frequencies in the evaluation of nitrate-Ntransport from drainage-related BMPs. 2006Conference on Innovations in Reducing Nonpoint SourcePollution (Indianapolis, IN, Nov. 2006). Proceedings of the2006 Conference on Innovations in Reducing NonpointSource Pollution (2006).

Svendsen, N. G., Kalita, P. K., and Gebhart, D. L. Militarymaneuver effects on water quality and nonpoint sourcepollution: Implications for training and land use. 2006American Society of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineers Annual International Meeting (Portland, OR,Jul. 2006). Proceedings of the 2006 American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers AnnualInternational Meeting (2006).

ThesesBioenvironmental EngineeringWang, A. Quantifying air distribution, ventilationeffectiveness and airborne pollutant transport in anaircraft cabin mockup. Ph.D. thesis, Y. Zhang, advisor(2006).

Food and Bioprocess EngineeringCabrales, L. Variability in starch rheological propertiesfrom commercial corn hybrids and their effect on foodfunctional properties. Ph.D. thesis, S. Eckhoff, advisor(2006).

Murthy, G. Development of a controller forfermentation in the dry-grind corn process. Ph.D.thesis, V. Singh, advisor (2006).

Srinivasan, R. Separation of fiber from distillers driedgrains with solubles using sieving and elutriation. Ph.D.thesis, V. Singh, advisor (2006).

Grain Qualities and PropertiesRathore, S. Application of near-infrared spectroscopyfor the dry-grind ethanol process. M.S. thesis, M. R.Paulsen, advisor (2006).

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Off-Road Equipment EngineeringClementson, C. Biomechanical analysis of manualsugarcane harvesting. M.S. thesis, A. C. Hansen, advisor(2006).

Dixon, S. A computerized electrohydraulic test standfor undergraduate engineering education. M.S. thesis,Q. Zhang, advisor (2006).

Kweon, G. Analysis and control of rate and uniformityfor granular fertilizer application systems. Ph.D. thesis,T. E. Grift, advisor (2006).

Wenzel, S. The combined impact of biodiesel and EGRon the NOx emissions from an off-road diesel engine.M.S. thesis, A. C. Hansen, advisor (2006).

Soil and Water ResourcesGoswami, D. Analysis of flow and water qualitycomponents in drainage channels in tile-drainedwatersheds. Ph.D. thesis, P. K. Kalita, advisor (2006).

Schutte, L. Evaluation of embankment design forenvironmental sustainability. M.S. thesis, P. K. Kalita,advisor (2006).

Water QualityRodrigue, A. Effects of sampling frequencies in theevaluation of nitrate-N transport from drainage-related BMPs. M.S. thesis, R. A. Cooke, advisor (2006).

Awards and HonorsRobert A. AherinEducational Aids Competition Blue Ribbons, American

Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1980 (3), 1981 (4),1982 (3), 1984 (3), 1986 (2), 1988, 1989, 1990

Maynard Coe National Agriculture Safety Award,National Institute for Farm Safety, 1980

Outstanding Young Men of America Award, NationalJaycees, 1981

Honorary State Farmer Degree, Minnesota Future Farmersof America Association, 1983

Outstanding Service Award, American Lung Association,1983

Agriculture Safety Professional-of-the-Year Award,Minnesota Safety Council, 1983

Packer Engineering Safety Award, American Society ofAgricultural Engineering, 1987

Teaching Award, Program, American Society ofAgricultural Engineers, 1989

Young Faculty Award for Excellence in Extension,University of Illinois College of Agriculture, 1993

Outstanding Alumni Award, College of Applied Sciencesand Technology, Illinois State University, 2002

Loren E. BodeEducational Aids Competition Blue Ribbons, American

Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1976, 1981, 1982,1985, 1986, 1988, 1993

Paper Award, Honorable Mention, American Society ofAgricultural Engineers, 1982

Young Extension Worker Award, American Society ofAgricultural Engineers, 1983

Senior Faculty Award for Excellence in Extension,University of Illinois College of Agriculture, 1990

Midwest Agricultural Chemical Association Educator'sAward, 1991

Fellow, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1992Paul A. Funk Achievement Award, University of Illinois

College of Agriculture, 1993President's Citation, American Society of Agricultural

Engineers, 2000, 2002Hall of Fame Award, Illinois Extension Agricultural

Association, 2004Honorary Knight of St. Patrick, College of Engineering,

2005

Philip BuriakTeaching Award of Merit, National Association of College

Teachers of Agriculture, 1986Honorary American Farmer Degree, National Future

Farmers of America Organization, 1987Paper Award, Outstanding Research Presentation,

National Agricultural Education Research Meeting,1988

Teaching Excellence Award, University of IllinoisDepartment of Agricultural Engineering, 1989, 1992,1994

Karl E. Gardener Outstanding Undergraduate AdvisingAward, University of Illinois College of Agriculture,1993

Author of the Year, 1st Runner Up, Journal of AgricultureEducation, 1994

Author of the Year, 2nd Runner Up, Journal of AgriculturalEducation, 1997

Honorary Illinois Farmer Degree, Illinois Association ofFuture Farmers of America, 1997

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Teaching Academy of Excellence, University of IllinoisCollege of Agricultural, Consumer and EnvironmentalSciences, 1997-2002

Teaching Award of Excellence, University of IllinoisCollege of Agricultural, Consumer and EnvironmentalSciences, 1997

Senior Teaching Award of Excellence, University ofIllinois College of Agricultural, Consumer andEnvironmental Sciences, 1999

Campus Award for Excellence in UndergraduateTeaching, University of Illinois, 1999

National Award for Excellence in College and UniversityTeaching, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1999

Distinguished Teacher/Scholar, University of Illinois,2000

Paul A. Funk Recognition Award, University of IllinoisCollege of Agricultural, Consumer and EnvironmentalSciences, 2001

J. Kent Mitchell Teaching Excellence Award, Universityof Illinois Department of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineering, 2001

Team Award for Excellence, College of Agricultural,Consumer, and Environmental Sciences TeachingCourse Team, University of Illinois College ofAgricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences,2001

E. B. Knight Journal Award, North American Colleges andTeachers of Agriculture, 2003

Teaching Fellow Award, North American Colleges andTeachers of Agriculture, 2003

Leslie L. ChristiansonTeaching Excellence Award, University of Illinois

Department of Agricultural Engineering, 1987, 1991Andersen Consulting Award for Excellence in Advising,

University of Illinois College of Engineering, 1989,1990, 1991

Stanley H. Pierce Award, University of Illinois College ofEngineering, 1989

Paper Award, American Society of Agricultural Engineers,1994

Paper Award, American Society of Heating, Refrigerationand Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2003

Fellow, Academic for Entrepreneurship, University ofIllinois, 2005

Richard C. Coddington, EmeritusTeaching Excellence Award, University of Illinois

Department of Agricultural Engineering, 1988, 1992Amoco Award for Innovative Teaching, 1991

Richard A. CookeDissertation Research Award, Virginia Polytechnic

Institute and State University Chapter of Sigma Xi, 1995J. Kent Mitchell Teaching Excellence Award, University

of Illinois Department of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineering, 2005

Steven R. EckhoffDow Outstanding Young Educator Award in the Midwest

Region, American Society for Engineering Education,1986

Kansas State University Presidential Lecturer, 1986, 1987Outstanding Paper in Cereal Chemistry Award, Corn

Refiners Association, 1989Research Fellowship, Corn Refiners Association, 1990,

1991Teaching Excellence Award, University of Illinois

Department of Agricultural Engineering, 1993Excellence in Teaching Award, American Association of

Cereal Chemists, 1999

Bruce Elliott-LitchfieldAndersen Consulting Award for Excellence in Advising,

University of Illinois College of Engineering, 1989,1993

Teaching Excellence Award, University of IllinoisDepartment of Agricultural Engineering, 1990

Everitt Award for Teaching Excellence, University ofIllinois College of Engineering, 1991

Research Fellowship, Corn Refiners Association, 1991Young Faculty Award for Excellence in Teaching,

University of Illinois College of Agriculture, 1992A. W. Farrall Young Educator Award, American Society

of Agricultural Engineers, 1993University Scholar, University of Illinois, 1994Engineering Council Advisors List for Outstanding

Advising, University of Illinois, 1995Faculty Award for Excellence in Research, University of

Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer andEnvironmental Sciences, 1996

Collins Award for Innovative Teaching, University ofIllinois College of Engineering, 1997

Harriet and Charles Luckman UndergraduateDistinguished Teaching Award, University of Illinois,1997

Team Award for Excellence, University of Illinois Collegeof Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences,2001

Distinguished Teacher/Scholar Award, University ofIllinois, 2003

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Ted L. FunkOutstanding Program Team Award in Extension,

University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Consumerand Environmental Sciences, 1999

Sustained Excellence in Extension Programming,University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Consumerand Environmental Sciences, 1999

Professional Staff Award for Excellence, Innovation andCreativity, University of Illinois College ofAgricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences,2003

Campus Award for Excellence in Public Engagement,University of Illinois, 2004

Carroll E. Goering, EmeritusFellow, American Society of Agricultural EngineersOutstanding Technical Paper Awards, American Society

of Agricultural Engineers; honorable mention, 1985,1990, 1992

Outstanding Technical Paper Awards, American Societyof Agricultural Engineers, 1985, 1990, 1992

Everitt Award for Teaching Excellence, University ofIllinois College of Engineering, 1986

Senior Faculty Award for Teaching Excellence, Universityof Illinois College of Agriculture, 1994

Paul A. Funk Recognition Award, University of IllinoisCollege of Agricultural, Consumer and EnvironmentalSciences, 1996

Massey-Ferguson Award, American Society ofAgricultural Engineers, 2001

Cyrus Hall McCormick Jerome Increase Case Gold MedalAward, American Society of Agricultural andBiological Engineers, 2005

Tony E. GriftSuperior Paper Award, American Society of Agricultural

Engineers, 2002, 2003Information and Electrical Technologies Division

Outstanding Paper Award, American Society ofAgricultural Engineers, 2003

Japanese Society for the Promotion of SciencesFellowship, 2005

Alan C. HansenPaper Award, Outstanding Technical, American Society of

Agricultural Engineers, 1990Silver Medal for Academic Achievement, South African

Institute of Agricultural Engineers, 1990Silver Medal for Best Publication of the Year, South

African Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1992Silver Medal for Best Paper Published, South African

Institute of Agricultural Engineers, 1992

Faculty Award for Excellence in Teaching, University ofNatal, Faculty of Engineering, South Africa, 1994, 1996

Teaching Excellence Award, American Society ofAgricultural Engineers Student Branch, University ofIllinois, 2002

Outstanding Advisor Award, Accenture Consulting,University of Illinois College of Engineering, 2003,2005

Outstanding Paper Award, Information and ElectricalTechnologies Division, American Society ofAgricultural Engineers, 2003

Everitt Award for Teaching Excellence, University ofIllinois College of Engineering, 2004

Faculty Award for Excellence in Teaching, University ofIllinois College of Agricultural, Consumer andEnvironmental Sciences, 2005

Superior Paper Award, American Society of Agriculturaland Biological Engineers, 2006

Michael C. HirschiPaper Reviewers Award, American Society of Agricultural

Engineers, 1988Blue Ribbons (6), Educational Aids Competition,

American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1991 (3),1994, 1998, 2004

Early Career Award, Epsilon Sigma Phi Alpha Nu Chapter,1992

Young Faculty Award for Excellence in Extension,University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumerand Environmental Sciences, 1995

Teaching Excellence Award, University of IllinoisDepartment of Agricultural Engineering, 1997

Certificate of Excellence, American Society of AgronomyEducation Materials Contest, 1998

Accenture Consulting Outstanding Advisor Award,University of Illinois College of Engineering, 2000,2001

Academy of Teaching Excellence, University of IllinoisCollege of Agricultural, Consumer and EnvironmentalSciences, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005

Karl A. Gardner Outstanding Undergraduate AdvisingAward, University of Illinois College of Agricultural,Consumer and Environmental Sciences, 2003

Prasanta K. KalitaResearch Excellence Award, Iowa State University, 1992Advisor of the Year, Kansas State University College of

Engineering, 1996Who's Who in Science and Engineering, 1996Most Outstanding Advisor of the Year, Kansas State

University BAE Department, 1997

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Outstanding Kansas State University Instructor andAdvisor K-State Mortar Board, 1997

Who's Who Among America's Teachers, 1998, 2000Finalist, President's Outstanding Advisor Award, Kansas

State University, 1999Collins Scholar, The Academy for Excellence in

Engineering Education, University of Illinois, 2000,2001

Teaching Excellence Award, American Society ofAgricultural Engineering Student Branch, University ofIllinois, 2002

Outstanding Engineering Advisor, University of IllinoisCollege of Engineering, 2002

J. Kent Mitchell Teaching Excellence Award, Universityof Illinois Department of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineering, 2003

Faculty Award for Excellence in Teaching, University ofIllinois College of Agricultural, Consumer andEnvironmental Sciences, 2003

Academy of Teaching Excellence, University of IllinoisCollege of Agricultural, Consumer and EnvironmentalSciences, 2003

Food and Agricultural Sciences Excellence in College andUniversity Teaching Awards Program Nominee, U.S.Department of Agriculture, 2003

Best Paper Award, International Association of Scienceand Technology for Development, 2003

Outstanding Advisor Award, Accenture Consulting,University of Illinois College of Engineering, 2004

Teaching Fellow Award, North American Colleges andTeachers of Agriculture, 2004

Excellence in Teaching Award, United States Departmentof Agriculture Food and Agricultural Sciences, NationalAssociation of State Universities and Land-GrantColleges, 2005

Karl E. Gardner Outstanding Undergraduate AdvisingAward, University of Illinois College of Agricultural,Consumer and Environmental Sciences, 2006

Accenture Outstanding Engineering Advisor, Universityof Illinois College of Engineering, 2006

North American Colleges and Teachers of AgricultureRegional Outstanding Teacher Award, Vancouver,Canada, 2006

J. Kent Mitchell, EmeritusFellow, American Society of Agricultural EngineeringEducational Aids Competition, American Society of

Agricultural Engineers, 1972, 1975, 1979, 1984Alpha Zeta Outstanding Instructor, University of Illinois

College of Agriculture, 1986Teaching Excellence Award, University of Illinois

Department of Agricultural Engineering, 1986

Everitt Award for Teaching Excellence, University ofIllinois College of Engineering, 1987

Faculty Award for Excellence in Teaching, University ofIllinois College of Agriculture, 1989

Paul A. Funk Recognition Award, University of IllinoisCollege of Agriculture, 1994

Honorary Badge, Warsaw Agricultural University(Warsaw, Poland), 2001

Hancor Soil and Water Engineering Award, AmericanSociety of Agricultural Engineers, 2002

Marvin R. PaulsenFellow, Committee on Institutional Cooperation,

2000-2001Fellow, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2002Andersons/NC-213 Grain Quality Research Award, 2002Paul A. Funk Achievement Award, University of Illinois

College of Agricultural, Consumer and EnvironmentalSciences, 2005

William H. Peterson, EmeritusAppreciation Plaque, South Dakota Rural Electric Member

Services Association, 1977Certificate of Appreciation, Illinois Farm Electric Council,

1981Blue Ribbons, Educational Aids Competition, American

Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1981, 1983, 1987Certificate of Merit, Illinois Electric Council, 1996

Robert E. PetreaPresident's Award, National Institute for Farm Safety,

2004Special Recognition Award, National Institute for Farm

Safety, 2004

Luis F. RodriguezPostdoctoral Research Fellowship, National Research

Council, NASA, 2004

John C. Siemens, EmeritusBlue Ribbon, Educational Aids Competition, American

Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1985Agronomic Educational Material Publication, American

Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1992Senior Faculty Award for Excellence in Extension,

University of Illinois College of Agriculture, 1993John Deere Gold Medal Award, American Society of

Agricultural Engineers, 1999

Vijay SinghAmerican Association of Cereal Chemists Outstanding

Poster Award, 1998

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Best Research Paper Award, Crop Conversion Science andEngineering Research Unit, Energy and EnvironmentalResearch Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S.Department of Agriculture, 2003

Young Faculty Excellence Award, National Corn RefinersAssociation, 2003

Innovation Hall of Fame, Office of TechnologyManagement, University of Illinois, 2004

New Holland Young Research Award, American Societyof Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2005

Archer Daniels Midland Award for Best Paper in Proteinand Co-Products Published in American Oil ChemistsSociety Press Publications, 2006

Participant, Frontiers of Engineering Symposium,National Academy of Engineering, 2006

Excellence in Research Award, University of IllinoisCollege of Agricultural, Consumer and EnvironmentalSciences, 2007

Global Scholar, University of Illinois College ofAgricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences,2007

Lei TianNovel Academic Idea Award for Young Faculty, Jilin

University of Technology, 1988, 1989Nominee, CGS Award for Most Distinguished Dissertation

of the Program, Department of Biological andAgricultural Engineering, University of California atDavis, 1995

Nominee, Kinsella Memorial Prize, University ofCalifornia at Davis, 1995

Nominee, University Microfilms InternationalDistinguished Dissertation Award in Mathematics andPhysics and Engineering, University of California forNational Council of Graduate Schools, 1995

Outstanding Accomplishment of Training on TeachingCollege, University of Illinois College of Agricultural,Consumer and Environmental Sciences Academy ofTeaching Excellence, 1997

Honorable Mention for the Graduate College ofOutstanding Mentor Award, University of IllinoisCollege of Graduate Studies, 1999-2000

Superior Paper Award, American Society of AgriculturalEngineers, 1999-2000

Faculty Fellow, National Center for SupercomputingApplications, University of Illinois, 2000-2001

K. C. TingFellow, Ralph and Mable Hunter, 1978-1979Certificate of Appreciation, American Society of

Agricultural Engineers, 1991, 1999, 2000

Certificate of Appreciation, Taiwan AgriculturalMechanization Research and Development Center,1991

Best Paper Award, CIOSTA-CIGR (InternationalAgricultural Engineering Society), 1993

Best Paper Award, American Society for Plasticulture,1993

Team Award for Excellence in Research, Cook College/New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, RutgersUniversity, 1996

Honorary Professor of the National Bio-EnvironmentEngineering Laboratory of the Ministry, ChinaAgricultural University, Beijing, China, 1996

Cook College/Alpha Zeta Professor of the Year, RutgersUniversity, 1997

Japanese Government Research Award for ForeignSpecialists, 1999

Paper Award, American Society of Agricultural Engineers,2000

Fellow, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2001Fellow, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2002Certificate of Appreciation, Mie University, Japan, 2003Guest Chair Professor, College of Biosystems Engineering

and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou,China, 2006

Xinlei WangPaper Award, American Society of Heating, Refrigeration

and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2002Honorable Mention Paper Award, American Society of

Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006J. Kent Mitchell Teaching Excellence Award, University

of Illinois, Department of Agricultural and BiologicalEngineering, 2006

Faculty Award for Excellence in Extension, University ofIllinois College of Agricultural, Consumer andEnvironmental Sciences, 2006

Qin ZhangBest Paper in the Decade Award, Transactions of Chinese

Society of Agricultural Engineering, 1995General Electric Scholar, University of Illinois College of

Engineering, 1998Collins Award for Innovative Teaching, University of

Illinois College of Engineering, 1999Information and Electrical Technologies (IET) Division

Select Paper Award, American Society of Engineers,2001

Best Paper Award, SCI Control Systems, World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Information,2001

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Fellow, National Center for Supercomputing Applications,2002

Adjunct Chair Professor, College of Engineering, ChinaAgricultural University, 2003

Adjunct Professor, College of Biological Engineering andFood Sciences, Zhejiang University, China, 2003

Fellow, Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science,2004

Adjunct Professor, College of Mechanical Engineering,Department of Mechatronics, Yanshan University,China, 2004

Select Paper Award, Information and ElectricalTechnologies Division, American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineering, 2005

Faculty Research Award, University of Illinois College ofAgricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences,2005

Honorable Mention Paper Award, American Society ofAgricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006

Yuanhui ZhangOutstanding Paper Award, American Society of

Agricultural Engineers, 1989, 2001Honorarium Professorship, Beijing University of

Agricultural Engineering, China, 1994Honorarium Professorship, Shadong Institute of

Technology, China, 1994Everitt Award for Teaching Excellence, University of

Illinois College of Engineering, 1997General Electric Scholar, University of Illinois College of

Engineering, 1997Blue Ribbon Award, American Society of Agricultural

Engineers, 1998Teaching Excellence Award, University of Illinois

Department of Agricultural Engineering, 1999Superior Paper Award, American Society of Agricultural

Engineers, 2001Annual Paper Award, American Society of Heating,

Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2002Fellow, National Center for Supercomputing Applications,

2004Bliss Faculty Scholar Award, University of Illinois College

of Engineering, 2005

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