2007 Kentucky River Watershed Watch Results. What and when? Herbicides in the Spring 23 samples in...
-
Upload
mitchell-mcdonald -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
2
description
Transcript of 2007 Kentucky River Watershed Watch Results. What and when? Herbicides in the Spring 23 samples in...
2007 Kentucky River Watershed 2007 Kentucky River Watershed Watch ResultsWatch Results
What and when?What and when? HerbicidesHerbicides in the Springin the Spring
23 samples in May+ 30 nutrient samples in Eastern Kentucky
PathogensPathogens in the Summerin the Summer 161 Synoptic samples in late June 109 Follow-Up samples in Late July
Chemicals & NutrientsChemicals & Nutrients in the Fallin the Fall 177 samples in September
MetalsMetals in the Fallin the Fall 69 samples in September
Where?Where?223 sites throughout Kentucky River Basin223 sites throughout Kentucky River Basin
3% Lower Kentucky River Basin 5% Eagle Creek20% Elkhorn Creek Watershed34% Palisades8% Dix River Watershed 2% Middle Kentucky / Red River Basins0% South Fork Kentucky River Basin1% Middle Fork Kentucky River Basin26% North Fork Kentucky River Basin
2006 KRWW Sampling Sites
2006 KRWW Sampling Sites
2006 KRWW Sampling Sites
##
##
#
#
#
#
##
#
#
##
## #
#
###
###
#
##
#
#
##
#
#
#
##
#
####
#
####
#
#
#
#
#
##
#
#
#
##
###
#
#
#####
##
####
#
#
#
### ## ## ###
#
#
#
##
#
##
#
##
#
#
#
##
#
#
#
#
#
##
#
#####
#
##
#
##
##
#
#
#
##
#
#
#
#######
##
#
############
##
####
#####
###
#
###
###
#
#
##
#
#
###
##
#
###
#
###
#
#
## #
#
##
#
####
### ##
####
##
#
#
2007 KRWW Sampling Sites (223 total)
HERBICIDESHERBICIDES
HERBICIDESHERBICIDESWhy monitored?Why monitored?
Potentially harmful to aquatic life and humans through drinking water
Where are they coming from?Where are they coming from? Runoff from agricultural and residential application
How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? Apply only as absolutely necessary, follow application
instructions. Maintain vegetation around and along waterbodies. Use recommended agricultural erosion control practices. Properly dispose of herbicide containers (collection
programs) Do not dump leftover herbicide on ground, down sink, or
down stormwater drains.
2006 Herbicide Parameters2006 Herbicide ParametersSampled for 2 herbicides in Spring 2006Sampled for 2 herbicides in Spring 2006
most likely time of year for herbicide application
TriazinesTriazines highly persistent in soil EPA standard of 3.0 micrograms /L for drinking
water 350 micrograms/L for acute aquatic life criteria 12 micrograms/L for chronic aquatic life criteria
Metolachlor Metolachlor highly persistent in water unregulated by EPA
Herbicide ResultsHerbicide Results
TriazinesTriazines NOT detected NOT detected
MetolachlorMetolachlor found at 5 sites, the greatest being: found at 5 sites, the greatest being:
K558 (Mock’s Creek) – 0.08 micrograms/literK558 (Mock’s Creek) – 0.08 micrograms/liter (laboratory MCL was 0.08 ug/L for Metolachlor)(laboratory MCL was 0.08 ug/L for Metolachlor)
K501 – Eagle Creek
2006 Herbicide Detections
Herbicides detected
Herbicide sampling site
#
#
##
##
#
###
##
#
##
#
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚÊÚ
#
Cane Run Creek
#
UT to South Elkhorn
#
Herrington Lake #
Mock's Creek
#
Rocky Fork
2007 Herbicide Sampling Results
PATHOGENSPATHOGENS
FECAL COLIFORM / E. COLIFECAL COLIFORM / E. COLIWhy monitored?Why monitored?
Can indicate presence of other pathogens that may cause illness or infections in people.
Where are they coming from?Where are they coming from? Failing septic systems, straightpipes, leaking sewage lines Inadequately treated discharge from municipal sewage
plants Livestock (runoff from pasture or direct access to
waterbody)
How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? Properly maintain septic systems Increase access to sewer systems Install fencing to keep livestock out of waterways Maintain vegetated buffers around waterbodies
Pathogen ParametersPathogen ParametersFecal ColiformFecal Coliform
Swimming Standard of Swimming Standard of 400 cfu/100 ml400 cfu/100 ml (instantaneous)(instantaneous)
E. ColiE. Coli Swimming Standard of Swimming Standard of 240 cfu/100 ml240 cfu/100 ml
(instantaneous)(instantaneous)
Atypical/Typical Coliform RatioAtypical/Typical Coliform Ratio Ratio between 0 and 2 Ratio between 0 and 2 raw, human sewage raw, human sewage Ratio between 2 and 4 Ratio between 2 and 4 fresh, human/ag fresh, human/ag Ratio between 5 and 10 Ratio between 5 and 10 indirect, ag indirect, ag Ratio between 10 and 20 Ratio between 10 and 20 indirect, urban indirect, urban Ratio greater than 20 Ratio greater than 20 aged, human/ag aged, human/ag
Synoptic Pathogen Results (E. coli)Synoptic Pathogen Results (E. coli)64% > Swimming Standard64% > Swimming Standard
2007 Synoptic E coli Results - 10 Greatest Readings
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
Pen
itent
iary
Bra
nch
Car
dina
lR
un
Unn
amed
Trib
.
Unn
amed
Trib
.
Trib
. To
Wes
t
Can
e R
un
Spr
ing
Sta
tion
Mud
dyC
reek
McK
eckn
ieC
reek
UT
S.
Elk
horn
Mud
dyC
reek
Wol
f Run
Unn
amed
Pon
d
K297 K462 K264 K291 K418 K556 K057 K246 K309 K033 K247 K464 K564
Synoptic Pathogen Results (Fecal coliform)Synoptic Pathogen Results (Fecal coliform)52%52% > Swimming Std.> Swimming Std.
2007 Synoptic Fecal Coliform Results - Greatest Readings
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
Trou
bles
ome
Cr
Trou
bles
ome
Cr L
eft F
ork
Big
Cow
an
Nor
th F
ork
Ken
tuck
yR
iver
Bla
ir B
ranc
h
Big
Cow
an
Trou
bles
ome
Cr
Littl
e D
ryFo
rk
Lost
Cr
San
dlic
kC
reek
Kin
gdom
Com
e C
r
K289 K288 K448 K082 K116 K534 K216 K481 K215 K017 K445
2006 Synoptic Pathogen Sampling Results > 5,000 cfu/100 ml
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚÊÚ
#
Hale Branch
#
Troublesome Creek
#
Cane Run
#
Cardinal Run
#
UT of West Hickman
#
unnamed trib
#
McKecknie Creek
#Penitentiary Branc#
Spring Stn, Woodfo
#
Muddy Creek Tribut
Synoptic Pathogen Sampling Sites > 5,000 cfu/100 ml
Follow-Up Pathogen Results (E. coli)Follow-Up Pathogen Results (E. coli)83% > Swimming Standard83% > Swimming Standard
2007 Follow-Up E coli Results - 10 Greatest Readings
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Gle
nn's
Cre
ekM
uddy
Cre
ekM
uddy
Cre
ek
Wol
f Run
Vau
ghn'
sB
ranc
hG
lenn
'sC
reek
Wol
f Run
Otte
rC
reek
Vin
eyN
orth
Mud
dyC
reek
Unn
amed
trib
Elk
horn
Cre
ek
K085 K187 K250 K468 K472 K126 K184 K191 K242 K251 K264 K529
Follow-Up Pathogen Results (Fecal coliform)Follow-Up Pathogen Results (Fecal coliform) 96% > Swimming Std.96% > Swimming Std.
2007 Follow-Up Fecal Coliform Results - 10 Greatest Readings
0100020003000400050006000700080009000
10000
LOS
T C
R
BLA
IR B
R
TRO
UB
LES
OM
EC
R
BLA
IR B
R
BIG
CO
WA
N
BIG
CO
WA
N
TRO
UB
LES
OM
E-L
FK
MA
CE
S C
R
CO
LLE
Y C
R
SA
ND
LIC
K C
R
MID
DLE
FK
-KY
RIV
ER
K215 K116 K216 K569 K534 K448 K288 K135 K114 K17 K573
ÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
#
Elkhorn Creek
#
Glenn's Creek#
Black Spring
#
Brushy Creek #
Clarks Run
#
Town BranchWolf RunVaughns BranchUT to South Elkhorn
#
W Hickman Cr, Fayette
#
unnamed trib
#
Calloway Creek
#
Muddy Creek#
Otter Creek
#
Lost Creek
#
Blair Br
2007 Follow-Up Pathogen Sampling Sites > 5,000 cfu/100 ml
Focused Pathogen SamplingFocused Pathogen Sampling Cane Run, Scott Co.Cane Run, Scott Co. (2 sites) (2 sites)
Glenn’s Creek, Woodford Co.Glenn’s Creek, Woodford Co. (4 sites) (4 sites)
White Oak Creek, Garrard Co.White Oak Creek, Garrard Co. (2 sites) (2 sites)
Herrington LakeHerrington Lake (6 sites) (6 sites)
North Fork Ky. River, Letcher Co.North Fork Ky. River, Letcher Co. (13 sites) (13 sites)
##
###
#
###
#####
##
##
########
#
2007 Focused Pathogen Sampling Sites
Cane Run
North Fork Kentucky River
Herrington Lake
Glenn’s Creek
White Oak Creek
Focused Pathogen ResultsFocused Pathogen ResultsCane RunCane Run – geometric mean for 2/2 sites > PCR std. – geometric mean for 2/2 sites > PCR std.
Glenn’s CreekGlenn’s Creek – 4/4 sites > std. – 4/4 sites > std.
White Oak CreekWhite Oak Creek – 1/2 sites > std. – 1/2 sites > std.
Herrington LakeHerrington Lake – 0/6 sites > std. – 0/6 sites > std.
North Fork Ky RiverNorth Fork Ky River – 11/13 sites > std. – 11/13 sites > std.
PCR = primary contact recreation (swimming/wading)PCR = primary contact recreation (swimming/wading)
NUTRIENTSNUTRIENTS
NUTRIENTSNUTRIENTSWhy monitored?Why monitored?
Lead to algal blooms, which consume oxygen as they decompose bad for aquatic life
Cause taste and odor problems in drinking water Can cause “Blue baby” disease (or methemoglobinemia)
Where are they coming from?Where are they coming from? agricultural and residential fertilizer application sewage and manure runoff
How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? Only apply fertilizers as necessary Properly maintain septic systems Use recommended erosion control measures Keep livestock out of waterways, properly manage
manure Maintain vegetated buffers around waterbodies
Nutrient ParametersNutrient Parameters
Nitrate (NO3-N)Nitrate (NO3-N) Drinking Water Supply Std. = 10 mg/LDrinking Water Supply Std. = 10 mg/L
Total PhosphorusTotal Phosphorus Unofficial KRWW Aquatic Life Std. = 0.5 mg/LUnofficial KRWW Aquatic Life Std. = 0.5 mg/L
SulfateSulfate Drinking Water Supply Std. = 250 mg/LDrinking Water Supply Std. = 250 mg/L
Nitrate Results > 10 mg/LNitrate Results > 10 mg/LK085 / K126 – Glenn’s Creek (19.2 /13.4 mg/L)
K209 / K515– Tates Creek (15.5 / 11 mg/L)
K123 / K026 – S. Elkhorn Creek (14.6 / 14.2 mg/L)
K303 – Hickman Creek (13.7 mg/L)
K030 – Ten Mile Creek (11.4 mg/L)
K014 – Clark’s Run (11.1 mg/L)
2007 Nitrate Sampling Results - 10 Greatest Readings
0
5
10
15
20
25
Gle
nn's
Cr.
Tate
sC
r.
S.
Elk
horn
S.
Elk
horn
Hic
kman
Cr.
Gle
nn's
Cr.
Ten
Mile
Cr.
Cla
rk's
Run
Tate
sC
r.
Otte
r Cr.
K085 K209 K123 K026 K303 K126 K030 K014 K515 K191
2006 High Nitrate Site
K499 – Town Branch
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
#
Glenn's Creek
#
S Elkhorn, Scott
#
Hickman Creek#
S Fk Elkhorn
#
Tates Creek
#
Tates Creek
#
Glenns Cr
#
Clarks Run
#
Ten Mile Cr, Grant 2007 High Nitrate Sites
Phosphorus Results > 1 mg/LPhosphorus Results > 1 mg/LK209 / K515 / K530 – Tates Creek, Madison Co. (2.1 / 1.8 /
1.0 mg/L)
K085 – Glenn’s Creek, Woodford Co. (1.9 mg/L)
K120 – UT to Elkhorn Creek, Woodford County (1.7 mg/L)
K123 / K026 – S. Elkhorn Cr. (1.7 / 1.6 mg/L)
K191 – Otter Creek (1.6 mg/L)
K408 – Kentucky River (1.4 mg/L)
K030 – Ten Mile Creek (1.3 mg/L)
K529 – Elkhorn Creek (1.1 mg/L)
K556 – Cane Run (1.1 mg/L)
2007 Phosphorus Results - 10 Greatest Readings
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Tate
sC
r.
Gle
nn's
Cr.
Tate
sC
r.
Car
rFo
rk
S.
Elk
horn
S.
Elk
horn
Otte
r Cr.
Ken
tuck
yR
iver
Ten
Mile
Cr.
Elk
horn
Cr.
Can
eR
un
K209 K085 K515 K120 K123 K026 K191 K408 K030 K529 K556
2006 High Phosphorus Sites
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ#
Elkhorn Creek
#
Ten Mile Cr, Grant
#
Kentucky River
#
Otter Creek
#
Tates Creek
#
Carr Fork
#
S Fk Elkhorn
#
S Elkhorn, Scott
# Cane Run#
Glenn's Creek
2007 High Phosphate Sites
Sulfate Results Sulfate Results Ten Greatest Sulfate Results:K542 / K578 – Sandlick Creek, Letcher Co.
(1,990 / 1,850 mg/L)K216 – Troublesome Creek (1,610 mg/L)K536 – Long Branch (1,600 mg/L)K215 – Lost Creek (1,590 mg/L)K483 – Henry Ison Hollow (1,490 mg/L)K579 – Cane Hollow (1,490 mg/L)K535 – Sturgill Branch (1,370 mg/L)K447 – Cowan Creek (1,260 mg/L)K083 – Lotts Creek (1,220 mg/L)
2007 Sulfate Sampling Results - 10 Greatest Readings
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
San
dlic
k C
r.
San
dlic
k C
r.
Trou
bles
ome
Cr.
Long
Br.
Lost
Cr.
Hen
ry Is
onH
ollo
w
Can
e H
ollo
w
Stu
rgill
Br.
Cow
an C
r.
Lotts
Cr.
K542 K578 K216 K536 K215 K483 K579 K535 K447 K083
2006 High Sulfate Sites
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚ
#
Lotts Cr, Perry
#
Lost Creek
#
Troublesome Creek
#
Cane Hollow
#
Little Dry Fork
#
Cowan CreekSturgill BranchLong Branch
#
Henry Ison Hollow
2007 High Sulfate Sites
HEAVY METALSHEAVY METALS
HEAVY METALSHEAVY METALSWhy monitored?Why monitored?
High levels can be toxic to aquatic life or humans through drinking water
Can interfere with industrial water uses
Where are they coming from?Where are they coming from? Mining Industrial discharges Stormwater runoff from roads and parking lots
How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? Comply with discharge permit conditions Use erosion control measures at mining sites and other
construction sites Install retention ponds, vegetated filter strips around
parking lots and along roads (stormwater management practices)
Metal Parameters (30)Metal Parameters (30) Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Boron Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Gold Iron Lead Lithium
Magnesium Manganese Nickel Phosphorus Potassium Selenium Silicon Silver Sodium Strontium Sulfur Thallium Tin Vanadium Zinc
* Strikethrough = no detections 20 of 30 remaining
Metal Parameters with Standards (13)Metal Parameters with Standards (13)
Antimony – no detections
* Barium * Nickel
* Beryllium Selenium – no detections
* Chromium Silver – no detections
* Copper Thallium – no detections
* Iron * Zinc
Lead – no detections
* Manganese
Metals with Standards AND Detections (8)Metals with Standards AND Detections (8)
MetalsWater Quality
Standard Greatest 2006 Result
Barium DWS < 1.0 mg/L
K135, K437, K480 = 0.15 mg/L Maces Cr., Little Cowan Cr, Cowan Cr.
Beryllium WAH < 0.053 mg/LK542 = 0.02 mg/L
Sandlick Creek
ChromiumWAH < 0.011 mg/L
DWS < 0.05 mg/LK536 = 0.15 mg/L
Long Branch
CopperWAH < 0.0012 mg/L
DWS < 1.3 mg/LK542 = 0.09 mg/L
Sandlick Creek
Iron WAH < 1.0 mg/LK481 = 12.3 mg/L
Little Dry Fork
2006 High Metals SitesMetalsWater Quality
Standard Greatest 2006 Result
Manganese DWS < 0.05 mg/LK542 = 13.2 mg/L
Sandlick Creek
Nickel WAH < 0.158 mg/LK542 = 0.88 mg/L
Sandlick Creek
Zinc WAH = 0.106 mg/LK542 = 2.19 mg/L
Sandlick Creek
ÊÚ ÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚ#
Maces Cr
#
Long Branch
#
Sandlick Creek
# Little Dry Fork#
Little Cowan Creek
2007 High Metals Sites
2007 Sites of Concern2007 Sites of ConcernOVERALL WATER QUALITY:
K085 - Glenn’s Creek, Woodford Co. (also in 2006)pathogens, nitrogen phosphorus
K191 – Otter Creek, Madison Co. (K338 in 2005 & 06)pathogens, nitrogen, phosphorus
NUTRIENTS:
K026 – South Elkhorn Creek, Scott Co.
K030 – Ten Mile Creek, Grant Co.
K209 / K515 – Tates Creek, Madison Co.
2007 Sites of Concern (continued)2007 Sites of Concern (continued)PATHOGENS:
K116 – Blair Branch, Letcher Co.
K215 & K216 - Lost Creek, Breathitt Co. (also in 2005 & 06)also have high sulfate readings
K264 – Unnamed tributary, Madison Co.
K288 – Troublesome Creek, Knott Co.
K448 / K554 – Cowan Creek, Letcher Co.
METALS / SULFATE:
K447 – Cowan Creek, Letcher Co.
K536 – Long Branch, Letcher Co. (also in 2006) K542 / K578 – Sandlick Creek, Letcher Co. (also in 2006)
K579 – Cane Hollow, Letcher Co.
2007 Sites of Concern (continued)2007 Sites of Concern (continued)
2006 KRWW Sites of Concern
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚ
ÊÚ
ÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚÊÚ
#
Ten Mile Cr, Grant
#
Glenn's Creek
#
S Elkhorn, Scott
#
Tates Creek
#
unnamed trib
#
Tates Creek
#
Otter Creek
#
Troublesome Creek
#
Lost Creek
#
Troublesome Creek
#
Cane Hollow#
Blair Br
#
Cowan CreekLong Branch
#
Long Branch (Sandlick Creek)
2007 Sites of Concern
Historically Troubled StreamsHistorically Troubled StreamsGlenn’s Creek, Woodford Co.Glenn’s Creek, Woodford Co.Long Branch, Letcher Co.Long Branch, Letcher Co.Lost Creek, Breathitt Co.Lost Creek, Breathitt Co.Otter Creek, Madison Co.Otter Creek, Madison Co.Rocky Fork, Garrard Co.Rocky Fork, Garrard Co.Sandlick Creek, Letcher Co.Sandlick Creek, Letcher Co.Tates Creek, Madison Co.Tates Creek, Madison Co.Ten Mile Creek, Grant Co.Ten Mile Creek, Grant Co.Town Branch, Fayette Co.Town Branch, Fayette Co.Troublesome Creek, Knott Co.Troublesome Creek, Knott Co.Wolf Run, Fayette Co.Wolf Run, Fayette Co.
KRWW ONLINE DATABASEKRWW ONLINE DATABASEhttp://www.krww.orghttp://www.krww.org
VolunteersVolunteers Fast, easy access to all data Fast, easy access to all data
Data ManagerData Manager Data updates made easier Data updates made easierCommon, shared database (less confusion / errors)Common, shared database (less confusion / errors)
Volunteer CoordinatorVolunteer Coordinator Easy addition of new sites Easy addition of new sitesAutomatically calculates lat/long info when enteredAutomatically calculates lat/long info when entered
WEBSITE FEATURESWEBSITE FEATURES
Zoom in past 1:500,000 to see site ID labelsZoom in past 1:500,000 to see site ID labels
Click on site or sites to see Click on site or sites to see allall historical data historical data
Use “Use “Area ToolArea Tool” to zoom to single site or group of ” to zoom to single site or group of sitessites
Use “Use “Measure ToolMeasure Tool” to find distance between 2” to find distance between 2 pointspoints
Use “Use “Zoom to a LocationZoom to a Location” to zoom to a selected ” to zoom to a selected location (county, road intersections, stream extents, location (county, road intersections, stream extents, etc.)etc.)
Kentucky River Authority Kentucky River Authority Watershed Grant ProgramWatershed Grant Program
Grant offerings of up to $3,000 for watershed education, sampling, assessment, restoration projects
Applicants must be nonprofit organization, school, or local government
Applications will be accepted again in Fall ’08