2005 Kentucky River Watershed Watch ResultsTHE BASICS

What and when?Herbicides in the Spring28 samples in May

Pathogens in the Summer131 Synoptic samples in July59 Follow-Up samples in Late July / Early August

Chemicals & Nutrients in the Fall143 samples in September

Metals in the Fall73 samples in September

Where?190 sites throughout Kentucky River Basin

137 Central and Lower Kentucky River Basin24 Kentucky Basin between Beattyville and confluence with Red River 2 South Fork Kentucky River Basin0 Middle Fork Kentucky River Basin27 North Fork Kentucky River Basin

2005 KRWW Sampling Sites

HERBICIDES

HERBICIDESWhy monitored?Potentially harmful to aquatic life and humans through drinking water

Where are they coming from?Runoff from agricultural and residential application

How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?Apply only as absolutely necessary, follow application instructions.Maintain vegetation around and along waterbodies.Use recommended agricultural erosion control practices.Properly dispose of herbicide containers (collection programs)Do not dump leftover herbicide on ground, down sink, or down stormwater drains.

2005 Herbicide ParametersSampled for 2 herbicides in spring 2005 most likely time of year for herbicide application

Triazineshighly persistent in soilEPA standard of 3.0 micrograms /L for drinking water350 micrograms/L for acute aquatic life criteria 12 micrograms/L for chronic aquatic life criteria

Metolachlor highly persistent in waterunregulated by EPA

Herbicide ResultsTriazines highest at: K345 (Elkhorn Creek) 1.2 micrograms/liter K402 (Rolling Fork) 1.07 micrograms/liter Still well below chronic aquatic life criteria

Metolachlor ONLY found at: K338 (Otter Creek) 0.16 micrograms/liter K402 (Rolling Fork) 0.16 micrograms/liter

2005 Herbicide DetectionsK345K402K338

PATHOGENS

FECAL COLIFORMWhy monitored?Can indicate presence of other pathogens that may cause illness or infections in people.

Where are they coming from?Failing septic systems, straightpipes, leaking sewage linesInadequately treated discharge from municipal sewage plantsLivestock (runoff from pasture or direct access to waterbody)

How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?Properly maintain septic systemsIncrease access to sewer systemsInstall fencing to keep livestock out of waterwaysMaintain vegetated buffers around waterbodies

Pathogen ParametersFecal ColiformSwimming Standard of 400 cfu/100 ml (instantaneous)

E. ColiSwimming Standard of 240 cfu/100 ml (instantaneous)

Atypical/Typical Coliform RatioRatio between 0 and 2 raw, human sewageRatio between 2 and 4 fresh, human/agRatio between 5 and 10 indirect, agRatio between 10 and 20 indirect, urbanRatio greater than 20 aged, human/ag

FC AnalysisPre-determined volumes of sample are filtered through membrane filters.Sample

Fecal AnalysisMembrane filters are placed in petri dishes containing 2 mL of m-FC medium.

Fecal AnalysisPetri dishes are set in incubator for 24 hours at 44.5 C.Petri dishes are removed and FC colonies counted.Based on the volume of the sample, the results are converted to the number of colonies per 100 ml.

Synoptic Pathogen Results54/131 (41%) > Swimming Standard10 Worst Sites: K408 Kentucky River, Boonesborough Ramp (7,150 cfu)K348 Goose Creek (5,500 cfu)K283 Rocky Fork (5,025 cfu)K192 Black Spring (3,550 cfu)K244 Viney Fork (2,900 cfu)K055 Town Branch (2,750 cfu)K331 Long Branch (2,750 cfu)K029 Clear Creek (5,025 cfu)K114 Colly Creek (2,350 cfu)K298 Spring Creek (1,700 cfu)K329 Shannons Run (1,700 cfu7)

2005 Top Ten Synoptic Fecal Sites

Follow-Up Pathogen Results22/59 (37%) > Swimming Standard10 Worst Sites:K085 Glenns Creek (TNTC)K184 Wolf Run (TNTC)K316 North Elkhorn (TNTC)K055 Town Branch (2,900 cfu)K339 Otter Creek (2,825 cfu)K264 Unnamed tributary (2,400 cfu)K342 Clear Creek (2,400 cfu)K192 Black Spring (1,850 cfu)K300 Hickman Creek (1,150 cfu)K215 Lost Creek (1,100 cfu)

*TNTC = too numerous to count

2005 Top Ten Follow-Up Fecal Sites

Fecal TrendsPercent of Sites Meeting WQS

Chart2

76

59

63

36

20

53

56

Sheet1

199976

200059

200163

200236

200320

200453

200556

Sheet1

Sheet2

Sheet3

K41UK40K40UK41BK41HYDENLeslie County 2004 Sampling286/410

130/17029/6028/7018/40

K40K41HYDENLeslie County 2005 Sampling58/240113/477

KP14KP82KP81HazardNorth Fork Kentucky River2004 Sampling1866/32,000818/4,9002,390/11,000

KP14KP82KP81HazardNorth Fork Kentucky River2005 Sampling597/12,000153/610488/2,100

KL4KP21KP20L7L6L8KL2KP19KP22KL1KL3KP18L4L3L2L1BLACKEYWHITESBURGFLEMING NEONLetcher County 2004 Sampling2,212/32,0002,212/32,0001,179/5,8001,282/6,2001,155/4,2003,124/38,000795/1,9001,671/3,5001,130/90,000853/1,300319/940

KL4KP21KP20L7L6L8KL2KP19KP22KL1KL3KP18L4L3L2L1BLACKEYWHITESBURGFLEMING NEONLetcher County 2005 Sampling1,583/3,700869/1,4004,388/17,500235/1,100185/1,4001,480/8,400226/1,2001,192/3,000292/520484/2,300831/1,700

K319K327K328K318K321327/900186/3150206/5800182/TNTC158/750Ten Mile Creek 2004 Focused Sampling

K319K327K328K318K32183 / 4,00087 / 56042 / 2,09091 / 3,68073 / 9,240Ten Mile Creek 2005 Focused Sampling

S2S1M1V1V2V3C1C2C3S5S7S8S10L4H12000E. Coli. Cfu/100mlS2S1M1V1V2V3C1C2C3S5S7S8S10L4H1S1S5H1S2V1V2M1C2C3S8S10L4V3C1September 17October 1October 15S9S9S9Friends of Wolf Run

Reaction Items from Wolf Run Public Meeting (11/14/2005)

Request Sanitary Sewers investigate site below Harrodsburg Road.Request Sanitary Sewers investigate high values at Valley Park. (Vaughns Branch)Present findings to Storm Water Management Subcommittee.

NUTRIENTS

NutrientsWhy monitored? Lead to algal blooms, which consume oxygen as they decompose bad for aquatic life Cause taste and odor problems in drinking water

Where are they coming from? agricultural and residential fertilizer application sewage and manure runoff

How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? Only apply fertilizers as necessary Properly maintain septic systems Use recommended erosion control measures Keep livestock out of waterways, properly manage manure Maintain vegetated buffers around waterbodies

Nutrient ParametersNitrogenNitrate (NO3-N) Drinking Water Supply standard of 10 mg/L

Total NitrogenNo water quality standard

Total Phosphorus Unofficial KRWW aquatic life standard of 0.5 mg/L

Sulfate Drinking water supply standard of 250 mg/L

Nitrogen Results > 10 mg/L

K014 Clarks Run (14.98 mg/L)K075 Town Branch (12.36 mg/L)K191 Otter Creek (10.92 mg/L)K209 Tates Creek (16.32 mg/L)K338 Otter Creek (15.28 mg/L)K472 Vaughns Branch (24.4 mg/L)

2005 High Nitrogen SitesK472K075K014K209K191 & K338

Phosphorus Results > 0.5 mg/LK209 Tates Creek (3.02 mg/L)K338 Otter Creek (2.22 mg/L)K085 Glenns Creek (2.04 mg/L)K191 Otter Creek (1.86 mg/L)K341 Elkhorn Creek (1.64 mg/L)K075 Town Branch (1.58 mg/L)K174 South Elkhorn (1.32 mg/L)K031 South Elkhorn (1.24 mg/L)K127 North Elkhorn (1.22 mg/L)K224 Spring in Woodford County (1.02 mg/L)K026 South Elkhorn (0.67 mg/L)K344 Elkhorn Creek (0.64 mg/L)K349 Mocks Branch (0.59 mg/L)K471 Vaughns Branch (0.55 mg/L)

2005 High Phosphorus Sites

Sulfate Results 23 sites > 250 mg/LK216 Troublesome Creek (1850 mg/L)K215 Lost Creek (1600 mg/L)K447 Big Cowan Creek (1180 mg/L)K441 Scuddy Branch (1170 mg/L)K428 Calloway Creek (1070 mg/L)K442 Montgomery Creek (1030 mg/L)K205 North Fork Kentucky River (837 mg/L)K048 North Fork Kentucky River (776 mg/L)K017 North Fork Kentucky River (656 mg/L)K443 Sassafras Creek (594 mg/L)

2005 High Sulfate Sites

HEAVY METALS

HEAVY METALSWhy monitored?High levels can be toxic to aquatic life or humans through drinking waterCan interfere with industrial water uses

Where are they coming from? Mining Industrial discharges Stormwater runoff from roads and parking lots

How can we minimize their presence in our waterways?Comply with discharge permit conditions Use erosion control measures at mining sites and other construction sites Install retention ponds, vegetated filter strips around parking lots and along roads (stormwater management practices)

Metal Parameters (30)AluminumAntimonyArsenicBariumBerylliumBoronCadmiumCalciumChromiumCobaltCopperGoldIronLeadLithiumMagnesiumManganeseNickelPhosphorusPotassiumSeleniumSiliconSilverSodiumStrontiumSulfurThalliumTinVanadiumZinc

Metal Parameters with Standards (13)Antimony no detectionsBariumBerylliumChromiumCopperIronLead no detectionsManganeseNickelSeleniumSilver no detectionsThallium no detectionsZinc no detections

Metals with Standards AND Detections (7)

2005 High Metals SitesK409K434K441

2005 Sites of ConcernK014 Clarks Run, Boyle County*pathogens, nitrogenK055 & K075 Town Branch, Fayette County*pathogens, nitrogen, phosphorusK085 Glenns Creek, Woodford Countypathogens, phosphorusK191 Otter Creek, Madison Countynitrogen, phosphorusK209 Tates Creek, Madison Countynitrogen, phosphorusK215 Lost Creek, Breathitt Countypathogens, sulfateK338 Otter Creek, Madison Countypathogens, nitrogen, phosphorusK402 North Rolling Fork, Boyle Countyherbicides, pathogensK441 Scuddy Branch, Perry Countysulfate, metals

2005 KRWW Sites of ConcernK085K075K055K014K402K441K215K209K191 & K338

High Pathogen SitesK029 Clear Creek, Woodford CountyK192 Black Spring, Woodford County K235 Knoblick Creek, Lincoln CountyK283 Rocky Fork, Garrard CountyK316 North Elkhorn Creek, Fayette CountyK329 Shannon Run, Woodford CountyK331 Long Branch, Garrard County

Watershed Roundtable SuggestionsSend sampling response forms with results and explanation

A Dirt on Dirt campaign addressing sediment pollution problems

More focused sampling at known problem areas

Form Sub-Basin Teams to address regional water quality issues

TAKE ADVANTAGE OF KENTUCKY RIVER AUTHORITYS WATERSHED GRANT PROGRAM

www.uky.edu/OtherOrgs/KRWW

Questions?

Interesting Finding:Found higher fecal counts corresponded with lower AC/TC ratios. These high fecals were also identified during lower flow conditions. Suggests that pulses of fecal matter likely coming from direct human sewage sources.Interesting Finding:Found higher fecal counts corresponded with lower AC/TC ratios. These high fecals were also identified during lower flow conditions. Suggests that pulses of fecal matter likely coming from direct human sewage sources.KStrikethrough = no detectionsHighlighted in RED = above water quality standard

K409 Kentucky River below Dale Power Plant in Clark County***ALSO, ONLY DETECTION OF ARSENIC WAS AT K409. RESULT OF 0.28 VS. DETECTION LIMIT OF 0.021K411 Billy Fork in Estill CountyK428 Calloway Creek in Estill CountyK434 Douglas Pond in Madison CountyK441 Scuddy Branch in Letcher County * Denotes sites identified as high concern in 5-year data analysis.Provides basic information about KRWW, its partners, its funding agencies, and its goals.

KY River watershed opportunities, information, and deadlines will be linked as Home Page headlines whether to external sites (as with KRWW Conference information link to KYWATER.ORG site) or internally (as with the KRA Grant opportunity that can be seen in the next slide).